Openstack之路（九）云硬盘服务Cinder

Cinder的概述

Openstack块存储服务(Cinder)为云主机添加持久的存储，块存储提供一个基础设施为了管理卷，以及和Openstack计算服务交互，为实例提供卷。此服务也会激活管理卷的快照和卷类型的功能。

Cinder的组件

• Cinder-API

接收API请求，调用Cinder-Volume执行操作。

• Cinder-Volume

管理Volume的服务，与Volume Provider协调工作，管理Volume的生命周期。运行Cinder-Volume服务的节点被称作为存储节点。

• Cinder-Scheduler

选择最优存储提供节点来创建卷，其与Nova-Scheduler组件类似。

• Volume Provider

数据的存储设备，为Volume提供物理存储空间。Cinder-Volume支持多种Volume Provider，每种Volume Provider通过自己的Driver与Cinder-Volume协调工作。

• Cinder-Backup

提供任何种类备份卷到一个备份存储提供者。就像Cinder-Volume服务，它与多种存储提供者在驱动架构下进行交互。

Cinder的工作流程

安装配置控制节点

Cinder的安装

• 创建数据库，服务证书和API端点

MariaDB [(none)]> create database cinder;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| cinder             |
| glance             |
| information_schema |
| keystone           |
| mysql              |
| neutron            |
| nova               |
| nova_api           |
| performance_schema |
+--------------------+
9 rows in set (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> grant all on cinder.* to 'cinder'@'localhost' identified by 'cinder';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> grant all on cinder.* to 'cinder'@'%' identified by 'cinder';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> exit
Bye

• 获得admin凭证来获取只有管理员能执行的命令的访问权限

[root@linux-node1 ~]# source admin-openrc

• 要创建服务证书，完成这些步骤

创建cinder用户

[root@linux-node1 ~]# openstack user create --domain default --password-prompt cinder
User Password:
Repeat User Password:
+---------------------+----------------------------------+
| Field               | Value                            |
+---------------------+----------------------------------+
| domain_id           | default                          |
| enabled             | True                             |
| id                  | 9f17f5f2dd844ab1baf9eb894f832f50 |
| name                | cinder                           |
| password_expires_at | None                             |
+---------------------+----------------------------------+

添加admin角色到cinder用户

[root@linux-node1 ~]# openstack role add --project service --user cinder admin

创建cinder和cinderv2服务实体

[root@linux-node1 ~]# openstack service create --name cinder \
--description "OpenStack Block Storage" volume
+-------------+----------------------------------+
| Field       | Value                            |
+-------------+----------------------------------+
| description | OpenStack Block Storage          |
| enabled     | True                             |
| id          | 67e95c224a554275bda7abea0c480d8e |
| name        | cinder                           |
| type        | volume                           |
+-------------+----------------------------------+

[root@linux-node1 ~]# openstack service create --name cinderv2 \
--description "OpenStack Block Storage" volumev2
+-------------+----------------------------------+
| Field       | Value                            |
+-------------+----------------------------------+
| description | OpenStack Block Storage          |
| enabled     | True                             |
| id          | f5e92c14055647e5b2fc66e83d979109 |
| name        | cinderv2                         |
| type        | volumev2                         |
+-------------+----------------------------------+

创建块设备存储服务的API端点

[root@linux-node1 ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne \
volume public http://192.168.56.11:8776/v1/%\(tenant_id\)s
+--------------+--------------------------------------------+
| Field        | Value                                      |
+--------------+--------------------------------------------+
| enabled      | True                                       |
| id           | 93bc480ca65b41ca9138c2aef10e57da           |
| interface    | public                                     |
| region       | RegionOne                                  |
| region_id    | RegionOne                                  |
| service_id   | 67e95c224a554275bda7abea0c480d8e           |
| service_name | cinder                                     |
| service_type | volume                                     |
| url          | http://192.168.56.11:8776/v1/%(tenant_id)s |
+--------------+--------------------------------------------+

[root@linux-node1 ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne \
volume internal http://192.168.56.11:8776/v1/%\(tenant_id\)s
+--------------+--------------------------------------------+
| Field        | Value                                      |
+--------------+--------------------------------------------+
| enabled      | True                                       |
| id           | 25d0f74d972543fa93c137a19885796f           |
| interface    | internal                                   |
| region       | RegionOne                                  |
| region_id    | RegionOne                                  |
| service_id   | 67e95c224a554275bda7abea0c480d8e           |
| service_name | cinder                                     |
| service_type | volume                                     |
| url          | http://192.168.56.11:8776/v1/%(tenant_id)s |
+--------------+--------------------------------------------+

[root@linux-node1 ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne \
volume admin http://192.168.56.11:8776/v1/%\(tenant_id\)s
+--------------+--------------------------------------------+
| Field        | Value                                      |
+--------------+--------------------------------------------+
| enabled      | True                                       |
| id           | 2459b96271ca4143ba56df8b3fca198d           |
| interface    | admin                                      |
| region       | RegionOne                                  |
| region_id    | RegionOne                                  |
| service_id   | 67e95c224a554275bda7abea0c480d8e           |
| service_name | cinder                                     |
| service_type | volume                                     |
| url          | http://192.168.56.11:8776/v1/%(tenant_id)s |
+--------------+--------------------------------------------+

[root@linux-node1 ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne \
volumev2 public http://192.168.56.11:8776/v2/%\(tenant_id\)s
+--------------+--------------------------------------------+
| Field        | Value                                      |
+--------------+--------------------------------------------+
| enabled      | True                                       |
| id           | 41e2ae3a41924287b52bb784e2d8c121           |
| interface    | public                                     |
| region       | RegionOne                                  |
| region_id    | RegionOne                                  |
| service_id   | f5e92c14055647e5b2fc66e83d979109           |
| service_name | cinderv2                                   |
| service_type | volumev2                                   |
| url          | http://192.168.56.11:8776/v2/%(tenant_id)s |
+--------------+--------------------------------------------+

[root@linux-node1 ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne \
volumev2 internal http://192.168.56.11:8776/v2/%\(tenant_id\)s
+--------------+--------------------------------------------+
| Field        | Value                                      |
+--------------+--------------------------------------------+
| enabled      | True                                       |
| id           | 2fdf3b33b61348328f5a112ae9ceac42           |
| interface    | internal                                   |
| region       | RegionOne                                  |
| region_id    | RegionOne                                  |
| service_id   | f5e92c14055647e5b2fc66e83d979109           |
| service_name | cinderv2                                   |
| service_type | volumev2                                   |
| url          | http://192.168.56.11:8776/v2/%(tenant_id)s |
+--------------+--------------------------------------------+

[root@linux-node1 ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne \
volumev2 admin http://192.168.56.11:8776/v2/%\(tenant_id\)s
+--------------+--------------------------------------------+
| Field        | Value                                      |
+--------------+--------------------------------------------+
| enabled      | True                                       |
| id           | 99669c5db47c4fcc890f976fce07886b           |
| interface    | admin                                      |
| region       | RegionOne                                  |
| region_id    | RegionOne                                  |
| service_id   | f5e92c14055647e5b2fc66e83d979109           |
| service_name | cinderv2                                   |
| service_type | volumev2                                   |
| url          | http://192.168.56.11:8776/v2/%(tenant_id)s |
+--------------+--------------------------------------------+

安装Cinder相关软件包

[root@linux-node1 ~]# yum -y install openstack-cinder
[root@linux-node1 ~]# rpm -qa openstack-cinder
openstack-cinder-9.1.4-1.el7.noarch

Cinder的配置

• 编辑/etc/cinder/cinder.conf，同时完成如下动作

[root@linux-node1 ~]# cp -a /etc/cinder/cinder.conf /etc/cinder/cinder.conf_$(date +%F)
[root@linux-node1 ~]# vim /etc/cinder/cinder.conf

在[database]部分，配置数据库访问

[database]
......
3399 connection = mysql+pymysql://cinder:cinder@192.168.56.11/cinder

在[DEFAULT]部分，配置RabbitMQ消息队列访问权限

[DEFAULT]
......
3052 transport_url = rabbit://openstack:openstack@192.168.56.11

在[DEFAULT]和[keystone_authtoken]部分，配置认证服务访问

[DEFAULT]
......
727 auth_strategy = keystone

[keystone_authtoken]
3551 auth_uri = http://192.168.56.11:5000
3552 auth_url = http://192.168.56.11:35357
3553 memcached_servers = 192.168.56.11:11211
3554 auth_type = password
3555 project_domain_name = Default
3556 user_domain_name = Default
3557 project_name = service
3558 username = cinder
3559 password = cinder

在[oslo_concurrency]部分，配置锁路径

[oslo_concurrency]
......
3764 lock_path = /var/lib/cinder/tmp

• 初始化块设备服务的数据库，可以忽略警告信息

[root@linux-node1 ~]# su -s /bin/sh -c "cinder-manage db sync" cinder
[root@linux-node1 ~]# mysql -ucinder -pcinder -e "use cinder;show tables;"|wc -l
34

• 配置计算以使用块设备存储

编辑文件/etc/nova/nova.conf并添加如下到其中

[root@linux-node1 ~]# vim /etc/nova/nova.conf
4343 os_region_name = RegionOne

Cinder安装完成

• 重启计算API服务

[root@linux-node1 ~]# systemctl restart openstack-nova-api.service
[root@linux-node1 ~]# systemctl status openstack-nova-api.service

• 启动块设备存储服务，并将其配置为开机自启

[root@linux-node1 ~]# systemctl enable openstack-cinder-api.service openstack-cinder-scheduler.service

[root@linux-node1 ~]# systemctl start openstack-cinder-api.service openstack-cinder-scheduler.service

[root@linux-node1 ~]# systemctl status openstack-cinder-api.service openstack-cinder-scheduler.service

安装配置存储节点

Cinder存储节点ISCSI的安装

• 安装支持的工具包

安装LVM

[root@linux-node2 ~]# yum -y install lvm2
[root@linux-node2 ~]# rpm -qa lvm2
lvm2-2.02.171-8.el7.x86_64

启动LVM的metadata服务并且设置该服务随系统启动

[root@linux-node2 ~]# systemctl enable lvm2-lvmetad.service
[root@linux-node2 ~]# systemctl start lvm2-lvmetad.service
[root@linux-node2 ~]# systemctl status lvm2-lvmetad.service

• 创建LVM物理卷/dev/sdb（需要额外添加一块硬盘）

[root@linux-node2 ~]# fdisk -l /dev/sdb

Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes, 41943040 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

[root@linux-node2 ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdb
Physical volume "/dev/sdb" successfully created.

[root@linux-node2 ~]# vgcreate cinder-volumes /dev/sdb
Volume group "cinder-volumes" successfully created

[root@linux-node2 ~]# vgdisplay
  --- Volume group ---
  VG Name               cinder-volumes
  System ID             
  Format                lvm2
  Metadata Areas        1
  Metadata Sequence No  1
  VG Access             read/write
  VG Status             resizable
  MAX LV                0
  Cur LV                0
  Open LV               0
  Max PV                0
  Cur PV                1
  Act PV                1
  VG Size               <20.00 GiB
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              5119
  Alloc PE / Size       0 / 0   
  Free  PE / Size       5119 / <20.00 GiB
  VG UUID               KDglRs-1MjO-9ow0-umIx-5x02-eWzk-FAFpme

• 编辑/etc/lvm/lvm.conf文件并完成下面的操作

[root@linux-node2 ~]# cp -a /etc/lvm/lvm.conf /etc/lvm/lvm.conf_$(date +%F)
[root@linux-node2 ~]# vim /etc/lvm/lvm.conf

在devices部分，添加一个过滤器，只接受/dev/sdb设备，拒绝其它所有设备

devices {
129 filter = [ "a/sdb/", "r/.*/"]
}

• 安装Cinder相关软件包

[root@linux-node2 ~]# yum -y install openstack-cinder targetcli python-keystone
[root@linux-node2 ~]# rpm -qa openstack-cinder targetcli python-keystone
python-keystone-10.0.3-1.el7.noarch
openstack-cinder-9.1.4-1.el7.noarch
targetcli-2.1.fb46-1.el7.noarch

Cinder存储节点ISCSI的配置

• 编辑/etc/cinder/cinder.conf，同时完成如下动作

[root@linux-node2 ~]# cp -a /etc/cinder/cinder.conf /etc/cinder/cinder.conf_$(date +%F)
[root@linux-node2 ~]# vim /etc/cinder/cinder.conf

在[database]部分，配置数据库访问

[database]
......
3399 connection = mysql+pymysql://cinder:cinder@192.168.56.11/cinder

在[DEFAULT]部分，配置RabbitMQ消息队列访问权限

[DEFAULT]
......
3052 transport_url = rabbit://openstack:openstack@192.168.56.11

在[DEFAULT]部分，配置my_ip选项

[DEFAULT]
......
1446 iscsi_ip_address = 192.168.56.12

在[DEFAULT]和[keystone_authtoken]部分，配置认证服务访问

[DEFAULT]
......
727 auth_strategy = keystone

[keystone_authtoken]
3551 auth_uri = http://192.168.56.11:5000
3552 auth_url = http://192.168.56.11:35357
3553 memcached_servers = 192.168.56.11:11211
3554 auth_type = password
3555 project_domain_name = Default
3556 user_domain_name = Default
3557 project_name = service
3558 username = cinder
3559 password = cinder

在[lvm]部分中，配置LVM后端，包括LVM驱动，cinder-volumes卷组，ISCSI协议和适当的ISCSI服务。如果[lvm]部分不存在，则创建它

[lvm]
4411 volume_driver = cinder.volume.drivers.lvm.LVMVolumeDriver
4412 volume_group = cinder-volumes
4413 iscsi_protocol = iscsi
4414 iscsi_helper = lioadm
4415 volume_backend_name = Iscsi-Storage

在[DEFAULT]部分，启用LVM后端

[DEFAULT]
......
731 enabled_backends = lvm

在[DEFAULT]区域，配置镜像服务API的位置

[DEFAULT]
......
619 glance_api_servers = http://192.168.56.11:9292

在[oslo_concurrency]部分，配置锁路径

[oslo_concurrency]
......
3764 lock_path = /var/lib/cinder/tmp

Cinder存储节点ISCSI安装完成

• 启动块存储卷服务及其依赖的服务，并将其配置为随系统启动

[root@linux-node2 ~]# systemctl enable openstack-cinder-volume.service target.service
[root@linux-node2 ~]# systemctl start openstack-cinder-volume.service target.service
[root@linux-node2 ~]# systemctl status openstack-cinder-volume.service target.service

Cinder存储节点ISCSI的验证操作

• 获得admin凭证来获取只有管理员能执行的命令的访问权限

[root@linux-node1 ~]# source admin-openrc

• 列出服务组件以验证是否每个进程都成功启动

[root@linux-node1 ~]# openstack volume service list
+------------------+-----------------+------+---------+-------+----------------------------+
| Binary           | Host            | Zone | Status  | State | Updated At                 |
+------------------+-----------------+------+---------+-------+----------------------------+
| cinder-scheduler | linux-node1     | nova | enabled | up    | 2018-01-26T08:23:54.000000 |
| cinder-volume    | linux-node2@lvm | nova | enabled | up    | 2018-01-26T08:24:01.000000 |
+------------------+-----------------+------+---------+-------+----------------------------+

• 创建云硬盘类型

[root@linux-node1 ~]# cinder type-create ISCSI
+--------------------------------------+-------+-------------+-----------+
| ID                                   | Name  | Description | Is_Public |
+--------------------------------------+-------+-------------+-----------+
| b5d6024e-7ba7-43ac-a034-beb89182bd1e | ISCSI | -           | True      |
+--------------------------------------+-------+-------------+-----------+

• 后端存储和云硬盘类型关联

[root@linux-node1 ~]# cinder type-key ISCSI set volume_backend_name=Iscsi-Storage

• 访问192.168.56.11/dashboard，使用demo用户登录

创建卷

挂载卷

查看卷

[root@demo-instance ~]# fdisk -l /dev/vdc

Disk /dev/vdc: 1073 MB, 1073741824 bytes, 2097152 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

[root@demo-instance ~]# mkfs.xfs /dev/vdc
[root@demo-instance ~]# blkid /dev/vdc
/dev/vdc: UUID="803f6ef5-5496-4943-94c3-b9a067cfa2a1" TYPE="xfs"

[root@demo-instance ~]# mkdir /data
[root@demo-instance ~]# ls -ld /data/
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 6 Jan 26 17:35 /data/
[root@demo-instance ~]# echo "UUID=803f6ef5-5496-4943-94c3-b9a067cfa2a1 /data                   xfs     defaults        0 0" >> /etc/fstab
[root@demo-instance ~]# tail -1 /etc/fstab
UUID=803f6ef5-5496-4943-94c3-b9a067cfa2a1 /data                   xfs     defaults        0 0
[root@demo-instance ~]# mount -a

[root@demo-instance ~]# df -h
Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/vda1        10G  1.1G  9.0G  11% /
devtmpfs        236M     0  236M   0% /dev
tmpfs           245M     0  245M   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs           245M   13M  233M   6% /run
tmpfs           245M     0  245M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
tmpfs            49M     0   49M   0% /run/user/0
/dev/vdc       1014M   33M  982M   4% /data

Cinder存储节点NFS的安装

• 安装支持的工具包

安装nfs-utils，rpcbind

[root@linux-node3 ~]# yum -y install nfs-utils rpcbind
[root@linux-node3 ~]# rpm -qa nfs-utils rpcbind
rpcbind-0.2.0-42.el7.x86_64
nfs-utils-1.3.0-0.48.el7_4.1.x86_64

• 启动NFS服务并且设置该服务随系统启动

[root@linux-node3 ~]# systemctl enable rpcbind nfs

[root@linux-node3 ~]# systemctl start rpcbind
[root@linux-node3 ~]# systemctl start nfs

[root@linux-node3 ~]# systemctl status rpcbind nfs

• 创建共享目录并授权

[root@linux-node3 ~]# mkdir /data/nfs -p
[root@linux-node3 ~]# chown -R nfsnobody:nfsnobody /data/nfs/
[root@linux-node3 ~]# ls -ld /data/nfs/
drwxr-xr-x. 2 nfsnobody nfsnobody 6 Jan 30 14:01 /data/nfs/
[root@linux-node3 ~]# vim /etc/exports
/data/nfs  *(rw,sync,all_squash)
[root@linux-node3 ~]# exportfs -rv
exporting *:/data/nfs
[root@linux-node3 ~]# showmount -e localhost
Export list for localhost:
/data/nfs *

• 安装Cinder相关软件包

[root@linux-node3 ~]# yum -y install openstack-cinder targetcli python-keystone
[root@linux-node3 ~]# rpm -qa openstack-cinder targetcli python-keystone
openstack-cinder-9.1.4-1.el7.noarch
python-keystone-10.0.3-1.el7.noarch
targetcli-2.1.fb46-1.el7.noarch

Cinder存储节点NFS的配置

• 编辑/etc/cinder/cinder.conf，同时完成如下动作

[root@linux-node3 ~]# cp -a /etc/cinder/cinder.conf /etc/cinder/cinder.conf_$(date +%F)
[root@linux-node3 ~]# vim /etc/cinder/cinder.conf

在[database]部分，配置数据库访问

[database]
......
3399 connection = mysql+pymysql://cinder:cinder@192.168.56.11/cinder

在[DEFAULT]部分，配置RabbitMQ消息队列访问权限

[DEFAULT]
......
3052 transport_url = rabbit://openstack:openstack@192.168.56.11

在[DEFAULT]和[keystone_authtoken]部分，配置认证服务访问

[DEFAULT]
......
727 auth_strategy = keystone

[keystone_authtoken]
3551 auth_uri = http://192.168.56.11:5000
3552 auth_url = http://192.168.56.11:35357
3553 memcached_servers = 192.168.56.11:11211
3554 auth_type = password
3555 project_domain_name = Default
3556 user_domain_name = Default
3557 project_name = service
3558 username = cinder
3559 password = cinder

在[nfs]部分中，配置NFS后端，包括NFS驱动。如果[nfs]部分不存在，则创建它

[nfs]
4411 volume_driver = cinder.volume.drivers.nfs.NfsDriver
4412 nfs_shares_config = /etc/cinder/nfs_shares
4413 nfs_mount_point_base = $state_path/mnt
4414 volume_backend_name = Nfs-Storage

在[DEFAULT]部分，启用NFS后端

[DEFAULT]
......
731 enabled_backends = nfs

在[DEFAULT]区域，配置镜像服务API的位置

[DEFAULT]
......
619 glance_api_servers = http://192.168.56.11:9292

在[oslo_concurrency]部分，配置锁路径

[oslo_concurrency]
......
3764 lock_path = /var/lib/cinder/tmp

• 配置共享目录文件并修改权限

[root@linux-node3 ~]# echo "192.168.56.13:/data/nfs" >> /etc/cinder/nfs_shares
[root@linux-node3 ~]# tail -1 /etc/cinder/nfs_shares
192.168.56.13:/data/nfs
[root@linux-node3 ~]# chown root:cinder /etc/cinder/nfs_shares
[root@linux-node3 ~]# chmod 640 /etc/cinder/nfs_shares
[root@linux-node3 ~]# ls -l /etc/cinder/nfs_shares
-rw-r-----. 1 root cinder 24 Jan 30 13:23 /etc/cinder/nfs_shares

Cinder存储节点NFS安装完成

• 启动块存储卷服务及其依赖的服务，并将其配置为随系统启动

[root@linux-node3 ~]# systemctl enable openstack-cinder-volume.service target.service
[root@linux-node3 ~]# systemctl start openstack-cinder-volume.service target.service
[root@linux-node3 ~]# systemctl status openstack-cinder-volume.service target.service

Cinder存储节点NFS的验证操作

• 获得admin凭证来获取只有管理员能执行的命令的访问权限

[root@linux-node1 ~]# source admin-openrc

• 列出服务组件以验证是否每个进程都成功启动

[root@linux-node1 ~]# openstack volume service list
+------------------+-----------------+------+---------+-------+----------------------------+
| Binary           | Host            | Zone | Status  | State | Updated At                 |
+------------------+-----------------+------+---------+-------+----------------------------+
| cinder-scheduler | linux-node1     | nova | enabled | up    | 2018-01-30T05:20:43.000000 |
| cinder-volume    | linux-node2@lvm | nova | enabled | up    | 2018-01-30T05:20:44.000000 |
| cinder-volume    | linux-node3@nfs | nova | enabled | down  | 2018-01-30T05:15:42.000000 |
+------------------+-----------------+------+---------+-------+----------------------------+

• 创建云硬盘类型

[root@linux-node1 ~]# cinder type-create NFS
+--------------------------------------+------+-------------+-----------+
| ID                                   | Name | Description | Is_Public |
+--------------------------------------+------+-------------+-----------+
| 5940443d-bb0a-4682-88ca-c4acda79ab41 | NFS  | -           | True      |
+--------------------------------------+------+-------------+-----------+

• 后端存储和云硬盘类型关联

[root@linux-node1 ~]# cinder type-key NFS set volume_backend_name=Nfs-Storage

• 访问192.168.56.11/dashboard，使用demo用户登录

创建卷

挂载卷

查看卷

[root@demo-instance ~]# fdisk -l /dev/vdd

Disk /dev/vdd: 1073 MB, 1073741824 bytes, 2097152 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

[root@demo-instance ~]# mkfs.xfs /dev/vdd
[root@demo-instance ~]# blkid /dev/vdd
/dev/vdd: UUID="e01c75ca-fc90-4886-ab5c-0d3947bed1cd" TYPE="xfs"

[root@demo-instance ~]# mkdir /nfs
[root@demo-instance ~]# ls -ld /nfs/
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 6 Jan 30 14:13 /nfs/
[root@demo-instance ~]# echo "UUID=e01c75ca-fc90-4886-ab5c-0d3947bed1cd /nfs                    xfs     defaults        0 0" >> /etc/fstab
[root@demo-instance ~]# tail -1 /etc/fstab
UUID=e01c75ca-fc90-4886-ab5c-0d3947bed1cd /nfs                    xfs     defaults        0 0
[root@demo-instance ~]# mount -a

[root@demo-instance ~]# df -h
Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/vda1        10G  1.1G  9.0G  11% /
devtmpfs        236M     0  236M   0% /dev
tmpfs           245M     0  245M   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs           245M   13M  233M   6% /run
tmpfs           245M     0  245M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/vdc       1014M   33M  982M   4% /data
tmpfs            49M     0   49M   0% /run/user/0
/dev/vdd       1014M   33M  982M   4% /nfs