初始环境为Centos7.4 Mini安装后的系统,最开始用镜像iso做为yum源,安装oracle,在静默安装的时候报错,后来用一台同样环境的系统,开启yum缓存,下载安装依赖环境,让rpm包离线下载后,传到这台服务器,在静默安装,还是失败,最后网上找了个离线安装依赖包,成功静默安装及建库,将源oracle下的用户及表空间数据迁移到新安装的oracle用户和表空间下.以后安装可以直接安装离线依赖包

 

安装前的准备:

1. 修改主机名

#sed -i "s/HOSTNAME=localhost.localdomain/HOSTNAME=oracle-01/" /etc/sysconfig/network

2.添加主机名与IP对应记录

# vim /etc/hosts 
10.9.133.185 oracle-01

3.关闭Selinux

#sed -i "s/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/" /etc/selinux/config 

# setenforce 0 

 

1 配置isoyum源

cat /etc/yum.repos.d/file.repo

[file]
name=file
baseurl=file:///opt
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0

2 安装依赖包



yum -y install binutils compat-libcap1 compat-libstdc++-33 compat-libstdc++-33*i686 compat-libstdc++-33*.devel compat-libstdc++-33 compat-libstdc++-33*.devel gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc*.i686 glibc-devel glibc-devel*.i686 ksh libaio libaio*.i686 libaio-devel libaio-devel*.devel libgcc libgcc*.i686 libstdc++ libstdc++*.i686 libstdc++-devel libstdc++-devel*.devel libXi libXi*.i686 libXtst libXtst*.i686 make sysstat unixODBC unixODBC*.i686 unixODBC-devel unixODBC-devel*.i686



 

3 创建oinstall和dba组



/usr/sbin/groupadd oinstall /usr/sbin/groupadd dba



创建oracle用户



/usr/sbin/useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle



设置oracle用户密码



passwd oracle



验证创建是否正确



[root@oracle-01 ~]# id oracle uid=1001(oracle) gid=1001(oinstall) groups=1001(oinstall),1002(dba)



 

4 配置内核参数



centos7 离线安装cmake3 centos7 离线安装semanage_开发工具



[root@docker ~]# vim /etc/sysctl.conf 

# System default settings live in /usr/lib/sysctl.d/00-system.conf.
# To override those settings, enter new settings here, or in an /etc/sysctl.d/<name>.conf file
#
# For more information, see sysctl.conf(5) and sysctl.d(5).
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 536870912   #最低:536870912,最大值:比物理内存小1个字节的值,建议超过物理内存的一半
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576



centos7 离线安装cmake3 centos7 离线安装semanage_开发工具



参数的值不能小于上面的配置,这是oracle官方建议的最小值,生产环境建议调整这些参数,以优化系统性能。

修改后使之生效



/sbin/sysctl -p



 

修改用户限制



centos7 离线安装cmake3 centos7 离线安装semanage_开发工具



vim  /etc/security/limits.conf

#在末尾添加
oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536
oracle soft stack 10240
oracle hard stack 10240



 



centos7 离线安装cmake3 centos7 离线安装semanage_开发工具



在/etc/pam.d/login 文件中,使用文本编辑器或vi命令增加或修改以下内容



session required /lib64/security/pam_limits.so session required pam_limits.so



在/etc/profile 文件中,使用文本编辑器或vi命令增加或修改以下内容



centos7 离线安装cmake3 centos7 离线安装semanage_开发工具



if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then ulimit -p 16384 ulimit -n 65536 else ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536 fi fi



centos7 离线安装cmake3 centos7 离线安装semanage_开发工具



使之生效



source /etc/profile



 

5 创建安装目录



mkdir -p /u01/app/ chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/ chmod -R 775 /u01/app/



 

配置环境变量



[oracle@oracle-01 ~]$ vim ~/.bash_profile export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle export ORACLE_SID=dbsrv2



使之生效



source ~/.bash_profile



6 解压oracle软件



[root@oracle-01 src]# unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip [root@oracle-01 src]# unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip



复制响应文件模板



[oracle@oracle-01 ~]$ mkdir etc [oracle@oracle-01 ~]$ cp /usr/local/src/database/response/* /home/oracle/etc/ [oracle@oracle-01 ~]$ ls etc dbca.rsp db_install.rsp netca.rsp



设置响应文件权限



[oracle@oracle-01 ~]$ su - root [root@oracle-01 ~]# chmod 700 /home/oracle/etc/*.rsp



 



静默安装Oracle软件



su - oracle



修改安装Oracle软件的响应文件/home/oracle/etc/db_install.rsp



 



创建oinstall和dba组



/usr/sbin/groupadd oinstall /usr/sbin/groupadd dba



创建oracle用户



/usr/sbin/useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle



设置oracle用户密码



passwd oracle



验证创建是否正确



[root@oracle-01 ~]# id oracle uid=1001(oracle) gid=1001(oinstall) groups=1001(oinstall),1002(dba)



 

配置内核参数



centos7 离线安装cmake3 centos7 离线安装semanage_开发工具



[root@docker ~]# vim /etc/sysctl.conf 

# System default settings live in /usr/lib/sysctl.d/00-system.conf.
# To override those settings, enter new settings here, or in an /etc/sysctl.d/<name>.conf file
#
# For more information, see sysctl.conf(5) and sysctl.d(5).
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 536870912   #最低:536870912,最大值:比物理内存小1个字节的值,建议超过物理内存的一半
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576



centos7 离线安装cmake3 centos7 离线安装semanage_开发工具



参数的值不能小于上面的配置,这是oracle官方建议的最小值,生产环境建议调整这些参数,以优化系统性能。

修改后使之生效



/sbin/sysctl -p



 

修改用户限制



centos7 离线安装cmake3 centos7 离线安装semanage_开发工具



vim  /etc/security/limits.conf

#在末尾添加
oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536
oracle soft stack 10240
oracle hard stack 10240



 



centos7 离线安装cmake3 centos7 离线安装semanage_开发工具



在/etc/pam.d/login 文件中,使用文本编辑器或vi命令增加或修改以下内容



session required /lib64/security/pam_limits.so session required pam_limits.so



在/etc/profile 文件中,使用文本编辑器或vi命令增加或修改以下内容



centos7 离线安装cmake3 centos7 离线安装semanage_开发工具



if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then
   if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
       ulimit -p 16384
       ulimit -n 65536
    else
       ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
   fi
fi



centos7 离线安装cmake3 centos7 离线安装semanage_开发工具



使之生效



source /etc/profile



 

创建安装目录



mkdir -p /u01/app/ chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/ chmod -R 775 /u01/app/



 

配置环境变量



[oracle@oracle-01 ~]$ vim ~/.bash_profile export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle export ORACLE_SID=dbsrv2



使之生效



source ~/.bash_profile



解压oracle软件



[root@oracle-01 src]# unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip
[root@oracle-01 src]# unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip



复制响应文件模板



[oracle@oracle-01 ~]$ mkdir etc
[oracle@oracle-01 ~]$ cp  /usr/local/src/database/response/* /home/oracle/etc/
[oracle@oracle-01 ~]$ ls etc
dbca.rsp  db_install.rsp  netca.rsp



设置响应文件权限



[oracle@oracle-01 ~]$ su - root [root@oracle-01 ~]# chmod 700 /home/oracle/etc/*.rsp



 



静默安装Oracle软件



su - oracle



修改安装Oracle软件的响应文件/home/oracle/etc/db_install.rsp



centos7 离线安装cmake3 centos7 离线安装semanage_开发工具



oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY     // 安装类型
ORACLE_HOSTNAME=oracle-01        // 主机名称(hostname查询)
UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall     // 安装组
INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/app/oraInventory   //INVENTORY目录(不填就是默认值)
SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,zh_CN,zh_TW // 选择语言
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1    //oracle_home
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle     //oracle_base
oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE     // oracle版本
oracle.install.db.isCustomInstall=false   //自定义安装,否,使用默认组件
oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba /  / dba用户组
oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=oinstall // oper用户组
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.type=GENERAL_PURPOSE //数据库类型
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.globalDBName=orcl //globalDBName
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.SID=dbsrv2      //SID
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryLimit=81920 //自动管理内存的内存(M)
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.ALL=oracle //设定所有数据库用户使用同一个密码
SECURITY_UPDATES_VIA_MYORACLESUPPORT=false         //(手动写了false)
DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true   //设置安全更新(貌似是有bug,这个一定要选true,否则会无限提醒邮件地址有问题,终止安装。PS:不管地址对不对)



centos7 离线安装cmake3 centos7 离线安装semanage_开发工具



开始静默安装



[oracle@oracle-01 database]$ ./runInstaller -silent -responseFile /home/oracle/etc/db_install.rsp



现在开始报错了




centos7 离线安装cmake3 centos7 离线安装semanage_操作系统_15

打开日志大致看看就是缺少依赖包



 这时想到的是从一台纯净的系统上安装,把安装依赖包缓存下来,拿过来使用



 



修改yum配置文件

# vi /etc/yum.conf
修改keepcache = 1
这样所有使用yum命令进行软件安装的时候,所有下载的rpm包的缓存文件都会保存在/var/cache/yum里面

待A服务器完成所有配置后,将cachedir指定的目录直接拷贝到其它待安装的服务器上,然后使用”yum -C install [软件包名]”即可使用缓存安装。(-C参数表示使用系统缓存)

然后在静默安装,还是报错

 

最后网上找到离线安装包,使用 for 循环 用rpm 加上  --nodeps 安装后,在静默安装,成功出现,不容易啊

 

离线包下载地址

链接:https://pan.baidu.com/s/1ls3Ip9C1UrqLC2A6F0nyog
提取码:9cd9


 



 

centos7 离线安装cmake3 centos7 离线安装semanage_开发工具_16

 

记录一个小插曲,如果中间更改过这个,你需要按照卸载命令卸载一遍oracle,不然这个参数会无效

centos7 离线安装cmake3 centos7 离线安装semanage_操作系统_17

 下面就是例子



 

centos7 离线安装cmake3 centos7 离线安装semanage_操作系统_18

 卸载如下

centos7 离线安装cmake3 centos7 离线安装semanage_开发工具_19

 



 在重新静默安装,参数生效



使用root用户执行脚本



su - root /u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/root.sh



增加或修改oracle的环境变量



centos7 离线安装cmake3 centos7 离线安装semanage_开发工具



su - oracle vim ~/.bash_profile



#for oracle
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_SID=dbsrv2
export ROACLE_PID=ora11g
#export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/usr/lib
export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin

export LANG="zh_CN.UTF-8"
export NLS_LANG="SIMPLIFIED CHINESE_CHINA.AL32UTF8"
export NLS_DATE_FORMAT='yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss'



centos7 离线安装cmake3 centos7 离线安装semanage_开发工具



配置监听程序



centos7 离线安装cmake3 centos7 离线安装semanage_开发工具



[oracle@oracle-01 ~]$ netca /silent /responsefile /home/oracle/etc/netca.rsp

Parsing command line arguments:
Parameter "silent" = true
Parameter "responsefile" = /home/oracle/etc/netca.rsp
Done parsing command line arguments.
Oracle Net Services Configuration:
Profile configuration complete.
Oracle Net Listener Startup:
Running Listener Control: 
/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin/lsnrctl start LISTENER
Listener Control complete.
Listener started successfully.
Listener configuration complete.
Oracle Net Services configuration successful. The exit code is 0



centos7 离线安装cmake3 centos7 离线安装semanage_开发工具



启动监控程序



centos7 离线安装cmake3 centos7 离线安装semanage_开发工具



[oracle@oracle-01 ~]$ lsnrctl start

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 01-SEP-2016 11:23:31

Copyright (c) 1991, 2009, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Starting /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...

TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
System parameter file is /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Log messages written to /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/docker/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=docker)(PORT=1521)))

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                     LISTENER
Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
Start Date                01-SEP-2016 11:23:31
Uptime                    0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec
Trace Level               off
Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                      OFF
Listener Parameter File   /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File         /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/docker/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=docker)(PORT=1521)))
The listener supports no services
The command completed successfully



centos7 离线安装cmake3 centos7 离线安装semanage_开发工具



静默dbca建库

编辑应答文件



centos7 离线安装cmake3 centos7 离线安装semanage_开发工具



[oracle@oracle-01 ~]$ vi etc/dbca.rsp



[GENERAL]
RESPONSEFILE_VERSION = "11.2.0"
OPERATION_TYPE = "createDatabase"
[CREATEDATABASE]
GDBNAME = "dbsrv2"
SID = "dbsrv2"
TEMPLATENAME = "General_Purpose.dbc"
CHARACTERSET = "AL32UTF8"



centos7 离线安装cmake3 centos7 离线安装semanage_开发工具



建库



centos7 离线安装cmake3 centos7 离线安装semanage_开发工具



[oracle@oracle-01 ~]$ dbca -silent -responseFile etc/dbca.rsp

Enter SYS user password: 
  
Enter SYSTEM user password: 
 
sh: /bin/ksh: No such file or directory
sh: /bin/ksh: No such file or directory
Copying database files
1% complete
3% complete
11% complete
18% complete
26% complete
37% complete
Creating and starting Oracle instance
40% complete
45% complete
50% complete
55% complete
56% complete
57% complete
60% complete
62% complete
Completing Database Creation
66% complete
70% complete
73% complete
74% complete
85% complete
96% complete
100% complete
Look at the log file Look at the log file "/u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/orcl11g/orcl11g.log" for further details.



centos7 离线安装cmake3 centos7 离线安装semanage_开发工具



查看输出日志



centos7 离线安装cmake3 centos7 离线安装semanage_开发工具



[oracle@oracle-01 ~]$ cat /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/orcl11g/orcl11g.log
Copying database files
DBCA_PROGRESS : 1%
DBCA_PROGRESS : 3%
DBCA_PROGRESS : 11%
DBCA_PROGRESS : 18%
DBCA_PROGRESS : 26%
DBCA_PROGRESS : 37%
Creating and starting Oracle instance
DBCA_PROGRESS : 40%
DBCA_PROGRESS : 45%
DBCA_PROGRESS : 50%
DBCA_PROGRESS : 55%
DBCA_PROGRESS : 56%
DBCA_PROGRESS : 60%
DBCA_PROGRESS : 62%
Completing Database Creation
DBCA_PROGRESS : 66%
DBCA_PROGRESS : 70%
DBCA_PROGRESS : 73%
DBCA_PROGRESS : 85%
DBCA_PROGRESS : 96%
DBCA_PROGRESS : 100%
Database creation complete. For details check the logfiles at:
 /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/orcl11g.
Database Information:
Global Database Name:orcl11g.us.oracle.com
System Identifier(SID):dbsrv2



centos7 离线安装cmake3 centos7 离线安装semanage_开发工具



 至此完成数据库实例的创建。



 



第二部登录到源服务器,导出数据,



报错提示:



The listener supports no services The command completed successfully



 



登录到 oracle



sqlplus / as sysdba;



先执行 shutdown



在执行 startup



退出再查看 lsnrctl status 发现正常



 



sqlplus / as sysdba;

建立导出目录(建立的目录在系统层面必须存在)并赋读写权限:

 create directory exp_dir as '/tmpdmp' 

其中/tmpdmp 目录是存放导出数据的路径

grant read,write on directory exp_dir to ceshi;

对该路径进行授权

或者下面这行,下面这知更清楚

expdp ceshi/ceshi@dbsrv2 directory=exp_dir dumpfile=water_back.dmp logfile=water_back.log schemas=ceshi;

 1、创建表空间和用户。

 2、创建目录

        create directory dpdata1 as '/tmppdm'

        grant read,write on directory dpdata1 to ganinfo;

        把dmp文件复制到刚才创建的目录文件夹下(/tmppdm),这个文件夹需要自己手动创建。

 3、执行impdp导入命令:

         impdp ganinfo/ganinfo dumpfile=ceshi.dmp directory=dpdata1  remap_schema=ceshi:ganinfo remap_tablespace=ceshi:ganinfo full=y;