一.安装要求 1.2台以上同属于一个内网的机器,操作系统需要高于centos7以上 2.硬件配置内存需要大于2G 3.可以访问外网,需要拉取镜像 4.禁止swap分区 ** 二.学习目标** 1.在所有节点安装Docker和kubeadm 2.部署kubernetes Master 3.部署容器网络插件fannel 4.部署kubernetes Node,将节点加入到Kubernetes集群中 5.部署Dashboard web页面,可视化查看kubernetes资源 ** 三.环境准备** 关闭防火墙: $ systemctl stop firewalld $ systemctl disable firewalld
关闭selinux: $ sed -i 's/enforcing/disabled/' /etc/selinux/config $ setenforce 0
关闭swap: $ swapoff -a $ 临时 $ vim /etc/fstab $ 永久
添加主机名与IP对应关系(记得设置主机名): 设置主机名: vi /etc/sysconfig/network HOSTNAME=k8s-master $ cat /etc/hosts 172.16.100.234 k8s-master 172.16.100.120 k8s-node1
将桥接的IPv4流量传递到iptables的链: modprobe br_netfilter $ cat > /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf << EOF net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1 net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1 EOF $ sysctl --system 四.所有节点安装Docker/kubeadm/kubelet 1.安装Docker $ wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo -O /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo $ yum -y install docker-ce $ systemctl enable docker && systemctl start docker $ docker --version Docker version 19.03.12, build 48a66213fe 2.添加阿里云的yum源码 $ cat > /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo << EOF [kubernetes] name=Kubernetes baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64 enabled=1 gpgcheck=1 repo_gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpg EOF
3.安装kubeadm,kubelet kubectl
$ yum install -y kubelet kubeadm kubectl
$ systemctl enable kubelet
#安装kubelet 后会在/etc下生成文件目录/etc/kubernetes/manifests/
5.部署kubernetes Master
kubeadm init --kubernetes-version=v1.19.0 --image-repository=registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers --pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16 --service-cidr=10.96.0.0/16 --apiserver-advertise-address=172.16.100.234
使用kubectl工具:
mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config
$ kubectl get nodes 查看节点是否ready
6.安装Pod网络插件(只需要在master上执行)
$ kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/master/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml
7.加入Kubernete Node
需要在Node端执行
kubeadm join 172.16.100.234:6443 --token 0ieaj1.qtkmnn7d1i35gg0z
--discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:ae06a272dda677e5966db22882d409be709178be14c062926de356c5d6b48133
8.测试集群
$ kubectl create deployment nginx --image=nginx
$ kubectl expose deployment nginx --port=80 --type=NodePort
$ kubectl get pod,svc
9.部署Dashboard
9.1.wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/dashboard/v2.0.0-beta5/aio/deploy/recommended.yaml
9.2修改yml文件(默认Dashboard只能集群内部访问,修改Service为NodePort类型,暴露到外部:不修改的话外部不能访问。)
kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
labels:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
name: kubernetes-dashboard
namespace: kube-system
spec:
type: NodePort(需要增加)
ports:
- port: 443
targetPort: 8443
nodePort: 30001(需要增加)
selector:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
9.3
kubectl apply -f recommended.yaml
kubectl get pods,svc -n kube-system (查看安装情况)
9.4.创建service account并绑定默认cluster-admin管理员集群角色:
$ kubectl create serviceaccount dashboard-admin -n kube-system
$ kubectl create clusterrolebinding dashboard-admin --clusterrole=cluster-admin --serviceaccount=kube-system:dashboard-admin
$ kubectl describe secrets -n kube-system $(kubectl -n kube-system get secret | awk '/dashboard-admin/{print $1}')
记录保存token,使用令牌登录
登录地址https://172.16.100.234:30001/#/login,复制令牌即可登录
常见问题: 1.新增node,记得新生成token kubeadm token create产生临时token kubeadm token list获取token 然后使用命令将节点接入进去. 2./etc/hosts 的修改