LVS只是做一个负载均衡，通过访问VIP来访问后端的网站程序，一旦LVS宕机，整个网站就访问不了，这就出现了单点。所以要结合keepalive这种高可用软件来保证整个网站的高可用。本文将介绍如何利用keepalive来实现LVS的高可用(以LVS的DR模式为例，生产环境后台的real server 网站内容是一致的，为了看到实验效果，这里是两个不同的页面)。
一、环境介绍
VIP：192.168.1.188
RIP1(Web1): 192.168.1.2
RIP2(Web2): 192.168.1.5
LVS1 :192.168.1.6
LVS2: 192.168.1.7
web1页面
web2页面
二、配置realserver
分别在web1和web2上执行lvs_rserver.sh
[root@web1 ~]# ./lvs_rserver.sh start RealServer Start OK [root@web1 ~]# [root@web2 ~]# ./lvs_rserver.sh start RealServer Start OK [root@web2 ~]#
lvs_rserver.sh脚本内容如下：
[root@web1 ~]# cat lvs_rserver.sh
#!/bin/sh
#LVS Client Server
VIP=192.168.1.188
case $1 in
start)
ifconfig lo:0 $VIP netmask 255.255.255.255 broadcast $VIP
/sbin/route add –host $VIP dev lo:0
echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore
echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce
echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore
echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce
sysctl -p >/dev/null 2>&1
echo "RealServer Start OK"
exit 0
;;
stop)
ifconfig lo:0 down
route del $VIP >/dev/null 2>&1
echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore
echo "0">/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce
echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore
echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce
echo "RealServer Stoped OK"
exit 1
;;
*)
echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop}"
;;
esac
[root@web2 ~]#
三、安装配置lvs及keepalive
分别在lvs1和lvs2上安装lvs及keepalive
lvs及keppalive的安装见《构建负载均衡服务器之二 LVS详解及应用》 《构建高可用服务器之一 Keepalive介绍及安装》
在lvs1和lvs2上配置VIP并加载相关模块
[root@lvs1 ~]# ifconfig eth0:0192.168.1.188 netmask 255.255.255.0 [root@lvs1 ~]# modprobe ip_vs [root@lvs1 ~]# modprobe ip_vs_rr [root@lvs1 ~]# modprobe ip_vs_wrr [root@lvs1 ~]#
[root@lvs2 ~]# ifconfig eth0:0192.168.1.188 netmask 255.255.255.0 [root@lvs2 ~]# modprobe ip_vs [root@lvs2 ~]# modprobe ip_vs_rr [root@lvs2 ~]# modprobe ip_vs_wrr [root@lvs2 ~]#
在lvs1上修改keepalive.conf文件，修改后内容如下
[root@lvs1 ~]# vim/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
[root@lvs1 ~]# cat/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
notification_email {
654001593@qq.com
}
notification_email_from 654001593@qq.com
smtp_server 127.0.0.1
smtp_connect_timeout 30
router_id LVS_DEVEL
}
# VIP1
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state MASTER
interface eth0
lvs_sync_daemon_inteface eth0
virtual_router_id 51
priority 100
advert_int 5
nopreempt
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.1.188
}
}
virtual_server 192.168.1.188 80 {
delay_loop 6
lb_algo wrr
lb_kind DR
# persistence_timeout 60
protocol TCP
real_server 192.168.1.2 80 {
weight 100
TCP_CHECK {
connect_timeout 10
nb_get_retry 3
delay_before_retry 3
connect_port 80
}
}
real_server 192.168.1.5 80 {
weight 100
TCP_CHECK {
connect_timeout 10
nb_get_retry 3
delay_before_retry 3
connect_port 80
}
}
}
[root@lvs1 ~]#lvs2上的keepalive.conf文件基本和lvs1上的一致，但是state这一项lvs1上是MASTER，而lvs2上的BACKUP；优先级priority在lvs1上为100，在lvs2上为90
在lvs2上修改keepalive.conf文件，修改后内容如下
[root@lvs2 ~]# cat/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
notification_email {
654001593@qq.com
}
notification_email_from 654001593@qq.com
smtp_server 127.0.0.1
smtp_connect_timeout 30
router_id LVS_DEVEL
}
# VIP1
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state BACKUP
interface eth0
lvs_sync_daemon_inteface eth0
virtual_router_id 51
priority 90
advert_int 5
nopreempt
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.1.188
}
}
virtual_server 192.168.1.188 80 {
delay_loop 6
lb_algo wrr
lb_kind DR
# persistence_timeout 60
protocol TCP
real_server 192.168.1.2 80 {
weight 100
TCP_CHECK {
connect_timeout 10
nb_get_retry 3
delay_before_retry 3
connect_port 80
}
}
real_server 192.168.1.5 80 {
weight 100
TCP_CHECK {
connect_timeout 10
nb_get_retry 3
delay_before_retry 3
connect_port 80
}
}
}
[root@lvs2 ~]#四、测试
停掉lvs1的网卡
去ping VIP一样一直在通信(配置有nopreempt)
通过VIP访问网站
刷新
即使lvs1宕机后又恢复，此时依旧是通过lvs2访问(由是否配置nopreempt决定）。
