例子
2021-09-29 16:37:17.931204 7fff637f7700 422708 59 ERROR RDMAStack in polling_start | 2021-09-29 16:37:17.931227 7fff637f7700 422708 59 ERROR RDMAStack polling_start start polling thread:1 | [New Thread 0x7fff4475f700 (LWP 423826)] | 2021-09-29 16:37:17.937471 7fff637f7700 422708 59 ERROR RDMAStack polling_start start: 1 handle_rx_fun threads | 2021-09-29 16:37:17.937488 7fff637f7700 422708 59 ERROR RDMAStack polling_start start: handle_rx_fun thread | [New Thread 0x7fff43f5e700 (LWP 423827)] | 2021-09-29 16:37:17.938410 7fff4475f700 423826 18 ERROR RDMAStack max_num:1 bf_num: | 2021-09-29 16:37:17.938437 7fff4475f700 423826 18 ERROR RDMAStack busy_polling bf_num: tail: | terminate called without an active exception | 2021-09-29 16:37:17.938455 7fff4475f700 423826 18 ERROR RDMAStack max_num:1 bf_num: tail: | 2021-09-29 16:37:17.938459 7fff4475f700 423826 18 ERROR RDMAStack busy_polling bf_num: tail: | 2021-09-29 16:37:17.938464 7fff4475f700 423826 18 ERROR RDMAStack max_num:1 bf_num: tail: | 2021-09-29 16:37:17.938467 7fff4475f700 423826 18 ERROR RDMAStack busy_polling bf_num: tail: | 2021-09-29 16:37:17.938473 7fff4475f700 423826 18 ERROR RDMAStack max_num:1 bf_num: tail: | 2021-09-29 16:37:17.938476 7fff4475f700 423826 18 ERROR RDMAStack busy_polling bf_num: tail: | 2021-09-29 16:37:17.938481 7fff4475f700 423826 18 ERROR RDMAStack max_num:1 bf_num: tail: | 2021-09-29 16:37:17.938484 7fff4475f700 423826 18 ERROR RDMAStack busy_polling bf_num: tail: | 2021-09-29 16:37:17.938494 7fff4475f700 423826 18 ERROR RDMAStack max_num:1 bf_num: tail: | 2021-09-29 16:37:17.938498 7fff4475f700 423826 18 ERROR RDMAStack busy_polling bf_num: tail: | Program received signal SIGABRT, Aborted. | [Switching to Thread 0x7fff637f7700 (LWP 422708)] | 0x00007fffeb4b3387 in raise () from /lib64/libc.so.6 |
上面表示 程序abort了。abort之前在线程7fff4475f700运行,abort之后程序切换到0x7fff637f7700线程。
(gdb) i threads 查看线程信息
查看到线程7fff4475f700的 id 是79,而当前在线程12 (前面有*号)
(gdb) i threads …… 13 Thread 0x7fff62ff6700 (LWP 422709) "io-workerb-1" 0x00007fffeb57bfd3 in epoll_wait () from /lib64/libc.so.6 |
(gdb) thread 79 切换到线程79
(gdb) thread 79 | [Switching to thread 79 (Thread 0x7fff4475f700 (LWP 423826))] | #0 0x00007fffeb570ccd in poll () from /lib64/libc.so.6 |
(gdb) bt 查看线程 79的调用堆栈
(gdb) bt | #0 0x00007fffeb570ccd in poll () from /lib64/libc.so.6 | #1 0x00007fffec815c3b in co::libgo_poll (fds=0x7fff4475d2b0, nfds=2, timeout=200, nonblocking_check=true) | at /compiledir/zhangtao/workspace/Libgo/libgo/netio/unix/hook.cpp:84 | #2 0x00007fffec80ccdc in poll (fds=0x7fff4475d2b0, nfds=2, timeout=200) | at /compiledir/zhangtao/workspace/Libgo/libgo/netio/unix/hook.cpp:477 | #3 0x00005555562b24cb in RDMADispatcher::busy_polling() () | #4 0x00007fffebe18360 in ?? () from /opt/h3c/lib/libstdc++.so.6 | #5 0x00007fffeca91ea5 in start_thread () from /lib64/.0 | #6 0x00007fffeb57b9fd in clone () from /lib64/libc.so.6 | (gdb) f 3 | #3 0x00005555562b24cb in RDMADispatcher::busy_polling() () | (gdb) i local | No symbol table info available. | (gdb) f 2 | #2 0x00007fffec80ccdc in poll (fds=0x7fff4475d2b0, nfds=2, timeout=200) | at /compiledir/zhangtao/workspace/Libgo/libgo/netio/unix/hook.cpp:477 | 477 /compiledir/zhangtao/workspace/Libgo/libgo/netio/unix/hook.cpp: 没有那个文件或目录. | (gdb) i local | tk = 0x0 | __FUNCTION__ = "poll" | (gdb) i arg | fds = 0x7fff4475d2b0 | nfds = 2 | timeout = 200 | (gdb) |
命令行查看:
//查看当前运行的进程
ps aux|grep a.out
//查看当前运行的轻量级进程
ps -aL|grep a.out
//查看主线程和新线程的关系
pstree -p 主线程id
2. 线程栈结构的查看
1. 获取线程ID
2. 通过命令查看栈结构 ps stack 线程ID
3. 利用gdb查看线程信息
- 将进程附加到gdb调试器当中,查看是否创建了新线程:gdb attach 主线程ID
2.查看线程的一些信息
//1.查看进程:info inferiors
//2.查看线程:info threads
//3.查看线程栈结构:bt
//4.切换线程:thread n(n代表第几个线程)
4. 利用gdb调试多线程
当程序没有启动,线程还没有执行,此时利用gdb调试多线程和调试普通程序一样,通过设置断点,运行,查看信息等等,在这里不在演示,最后会加上调试线程的命令
- 设置断点
//1. 设置断点:break 行号/函数名//2. 查看断点:info b
执行线程2的函数,指行完毕继续运行到断点处
1. 继续使某一线程运行:thread apply 1-n(第几个线程) n
2. 重新启动程序运行到断点处:r
只运行当前线程
1. 设置:set scheduler-locking on
2. 运行:n
所有线程并发执行
1. 设置:set scheduler-locking off
2. 运行:n
总结调试多线程的命令
命令 用法
info threads 显示当前可调试的所有线程,每个线程会有一个GDB为其分配的ID,后面操作线程的时候会用到这个ID。 前面有*的是当前调试的线程
thread ID(1,2,3…) 切换当前调试的线程为指定ID的线程
break thread_test.c:123 thread all(例:在相应函数的位置设置断点break pthread_run1) 在所有线程中相应的行上设置断点
thread apply ID1 ID2 command 让一个或者多个线程执行GDB命令command
thread apply all command 让所有被调试线程执行GDB命令command
set scheduler-locking 选项 command 设置线程是以什么方式来执行命令
set scheduler-locking off 不锁定任何线程,也就是所有线程都执行,这是默认值
set scheduler-locking on 只有当前被调试程序会执行
set scheduler-locking on step 在单步的时候,除了next过一个函数的情况(熟悉情况的人可能知道,这其实是一个设置断点然后continue的行为)以外,只有当前线程会执行
示例代码
void* pthread_run1(void* arg)
{
(void)arg;
while(1)
{
printf("I am thread1,ID: %d\n",pthread_self());
sleep(1);
}
}
void* pthread_run2(void* arg)
{
(void)arg;
while(1)
{
printf("I am thread2,ID: %d\n",pthread_self());
sleep(1);
}
}
int main()
{
pthread_t tid1;
pthread_t tid2;
pthread_create(&tid1,NULL,pthread_run1,NULL);
pthread_create(&tid2,NULL,pthread_run2,NULL);
printf("I am main thread\n");
pthread_join(tid1,NULL);
pthread_join(tid2,NULL);
return 0;
}