京鱼网:www.jingfish.com
当需要kil一个进程时,需要提供一个pid(使用kill命令)或提供一个进程名(使用pkill命令)。
pkill是如何通过进程名得到进程id的?
在linux中进程是通过文件来表示的,信息都存储在/proc/pid目录中。
在/proc/pid/status文件的第一行,保存有进程名,和用户输入的进行比对,如果一致,就添加到动态数组中,最后返回。
下面的实例是,我已经打开了audacious播放器,运行该程序会找到进程名字是audacious的进程id,然后运行:kill id 来杀死该进程,而达到关闭播放器的效果。
附代码:
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <dirent.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#define READ_BUF_SIZE 1024
long* find_pid_by_name( char* pidName)
{
DIR *dir;
struct dirent *next;
long* pidList=NULL;
int i=0;
///proc中包括当前的进程信息,读取该目录
dir = opendir("/proc");
if (!dir)
{
// perror_msg_and_die("Cannot open /proc");
printf("cannot open /proc");
}
//遍历
while ((next = readdir(dir)) != NULL)
{
FILE *status;
char filename[READ_BUF_SIZE];
char buffer[READ_BUF_SIZE];
char name[READ_BUF_SIZE];
/* Must skip ".." since that is outside /proc */
if (strcmp(next->d_name, "..") == 0)
continue;
/* If it isn't a number, we don't want it */
if (!isdigit(*next->d_name))
continue;
//设置进程
sprintf(filename, "/proc/%s/status", next->d_name);
printf("filename is :%s\n",filename);
if (! (status = fopen(filename, "r")) )
{
continue;
}
if (fgets(buffer, READ_BUF_SIZE-1, status) == NULL)
{
fclose(status);
continue;
}
fclose(status);
//得到进程id
/* Buffer should contain a string like "Name: binary_name" */
sscanf(buffer, "%*s %s", name);
if (strcmp(name, pidName) == 0)
{
printf("name:%s\n",name);
pidList=realloc( pidList, sizeof(long) * (i+2));
pidList[i++]=strtol(next->d_name, NULL, 0);
break;
}
}
if (pidList)
{
pidList[i]=0;
printf("pid:%ld\n",pidList[0]);
return pidList[0];
}
return NULL;
}
void main()
{
int pid;
char cmd[20]={0};
pid = find_pid_by_name( "audacious2");
printf("%s : %d \n","audacious2",pid);
sprintf(cmd,"kill %d",pid);
system(cmd);
}