搭建nginx php mysql

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会飘的兔子 2013-01-15 13:43:43 博主文章分类：linux

一安装前的准备工作

sudo -s

LANG=C

yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ autoconf libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel freetype freetype-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel zlib zlib-devel glibc glibc-devel glib2 glib2-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel ncurses ncurses-devel curl curl-devel e2fsprogs e2fsprogs-devel krb5 krb5-devel libidn libidn-devel openssl openssl-devel openldap openldap-devel nss_ldap openldap-clients openldap-servers

mkdir -p /data0/software

cd /data0/software

二、安装PHP 5.2.14（FastCGI模式）

　　1、编译安装PHP 5.2.14所需的支持库：

tar zxvf libiconv-1.13.1.tar.gz

cd libiconv-1.13.1/

./configure --prefix=/usr/local

make

make install

cd ../

tar zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz

cd libmcrypt-2.5.8/

./configure

make

make install

/sbin/ldconfig

cd libltdl/

./configure --enable-ltdl-install

make

make install

cd ../../

tar zxvf mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz

cd mhash-0.9.9.9/

./configure

make

make install

cd ../

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.la /usr/lib/libmcrypt.la

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.a /usr/lib/libmhash.a

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.la /usr/lib/libmhash.la

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so /usr/lib/libmhash.so

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1

ln -s /usr/local/bin/libmcrypt-config /usr/bin/libmcrypt-config

tar zxvf mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz

cd mcrypt-2.6.8/

/sbin/ldconfig

./configure

make

make install

cd ../

　　2、编译安装MySQL 5.5.3-m3

/usr/sbin/groupadd mysql

/usr/sbin/useradd -g mysql mysql

tar zxvf mysql-5.5.3-m3.tar.gz

cd mysql-5.5.3-m3/

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql/ --enable-assembler --with-extra-charsets=complex --enable-thread-safe-client --with-big-tables --with-readline --with-ssl --with-embedded-server --enable-local-infile --with-plugins=partition,innobase,myisammrg

make && make install

chmod +w /usr/local/mysql

chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql

cd ../

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

　　附：以下为附加步骤，如果你想在这台服务器上运行MySQL数据库，则执行以下几步。如果你只是希望让PHP支持MySQL扩展库，能够连接其他服务器上的MySQL数据库，那么，以下两步无需执行。

　　①、创建MySQL数据库存放目录

mkdir -p /data0/mysql/3306/data/

mkdir -p /data0/mysql/3306/binlog/

mkdir -p /data0/mysql/3306/relaylog/

chown -R mysql:mysql /data0/mysql/

　　②、以mysql用户帐号的身份建立数据表：

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data0/mysql/3306/data --user=mysql

　③、创建my.cnf配置文件：

vi /data0/mysql/3306/my.cnf

　　输入以下内容：

引用

[client]

character-set-server = utf8

port = 3306

socket = /tmp/mysql.sock

[mysqld]

character-set-server = utf8

replicate-ignore-db = mysql

replicate-ignore-db = test

replicate-ignore-db = information_schema

user = mysql

port = 3306

socket = /tmp/mysql.sock

basedir = /usr/local/mysql

datadir = /data0/mysql/3306/data

log-error = /data0/mysql/3306/mysql_error.log

pid-file = /data0/mysql/3306/mysql.pid

open_files_limit = 10240

back_log = 600

max_connections = 5000

max_connect_errors = 6000

table_cache = 614

external-locking = FALSE

max_allowed_packet = 32M

sort_buffer_size = 1M

join_buffer_size = 1M

thread_cache_size = 300

#thread_concurrency = 8

query_cache_size = 512M

query_cache_limit = 2M

query_cache_min_res_unit = 2k

default-storage-engine = MyISAM

thread_stack = 192K

transaction_isolation = READ-COMMITTED

tmp_table_size = 246M

max_heap_table_size = 246M

long_query_time = 3

log-slave-updates

log-bin = /data0/mysql/3306/binlog/binlog

binlog_cache_size = 4M

binlog_format = MIXED

max_binlog_cache_size = 8M

max_binlog_size = 1G

relay-log-index = /data0/mysql/3306/relaylog/relaylog

relay-log-info-file = /data0/mysql/3306/relaylog/relaylog

relay-log = /data0/mysql/3306/relaylog/relaylog

expire_logs_days = 30

key_buffer_size = 256M

read_buffer_size = 1M

read_rnd_buffer_size = 16M

bulk_insert_buffer_size = 64M

myisam_sort_buffer_size = 128M

myisam_max_sort_file_size = 10G

myisam_repair_threads = 1

myisam_recover

interactive_timeout = 120

wait_timeout = 120

skip-name-resolve

#master-connect-retry = 10

slave-skip-errors = 1032,1062,126,1114,1146,1048,1396

#master-host = 192.168.1.2

#master-user = username

#master-password = password

#master-port = 3306

server-id = 1

innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 16M

innodb_buffer_pool_size = 512M

innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:256M:autoextend

innodb_file_io_threads = 4

innodb_thread_concurrency = 8

innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2

innodb_log_buffer_size = 16M

innodb_log_file_size = 128M

innodb_log_files_in_group = 3

innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 90

innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 120

innodb_file_per_table = 0

#log-slow-queries = /data0/mysql/3306/slow.log

#long_query_time = 10

[mysqldump]

quick

max_allowed_packet = 32M

④、创建管理MySQL数据库的shell脚本：

vi /data0/mysql/3306/mysql

　　输入以下内容（这里的用户名admin和密码12345678接下来的步骤会创建）：

#!/bin/sh

mysql_port=3306

mysql_username="admin"

mysql_password="12345678"

function_start_mysql()

{

printf "Starting MySQL...\n"

/bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data0/mysql/${mysql_port}/my.cnf 2>&1 > /dev/null &

}

function_stop_mysql()

{

printf "Stoping MySQL...\n"

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u ${mysql_username} -p${mysql_password} -S /tmp/mysql.sock shutdown

}

function_restart_mysql()

{

printf "Restarting MySQL...\n"

function_stop_mysql

sleep 5

function_start_mysql

}

function_kill_mysql()

{

kill -9 $(ps -ef | grep 'bin/mysqld_safe' | grep ${mysql_port} | awk '{printf $2}')

kill -9 $(ps -ef | grep 'libexec/mysqld' | grep ${mysql_port} | awk '{printf $2}')

}

if [ "$1" = "start" ]; then

function_start_mysql

elif [ "$1" = "stop" ]; then

function_stop_mysql

elif [ "$1" = "restart" ]; then

function_restart_mysql

elif [ "$1" = "kill" ]; then

function_kill_mysql

else

printf "Usage: /data0/mysql/${mysql_port}/mysql {start|stop|restart|kill}\n"

　　⑤、赋予shell脚本可执行权限：

chmod +x /data0/mysql/3306/mysql

　　⑥、启动MySQL：

/data0/mysql/3306/mysql start

　　⑦、通过命令行登录管理MySQL服务器（提示输入密码时直接回车）：

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -p -S /tmp/mysql.sock

　　⑧、输入以下SQL语句，创建一个具有root权限的用户（admin）和密码（12345678）：

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'admin'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '12345678';

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'admin'@'127.0.0.1' IDENTIFIED BY '12345678';

　　⑨、（可选）停止MySQL：

/data0/mysql/3306/mysql stop

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

　　3、编译安装PHP（FastCGI模式）

tar zxvf php-5.2.14.tar.gz

gzip -cd php-5.2.14-fpm-0.5.14.diff.gz | patch -d php-5.2.14 -p1

cd php-5.2.14/

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config --with-iconv-dir=/usr/local --with-freetype-dir --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib --with-libxml-dir=/usr --enable-xml --disable-rpath --enable-discard-path --enable-safe-mode --enable-bcmath --enable-shmop --enable-sysvsem --enable-inline-optimization --with-curl --with-curlwrappers --enable-mbregex --enable-fastcgi --enable-fpm --enable-force-cgi-redirect --enable-mbstring --with-mcrypt --with-gd --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-openssl --with-mhash --enable-pcntl --enable-sockets --with-ldap --with-ldap-sasl --with-xmlrpc --enable-zip --enable-soap

make ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS='-liconv'

make install

cp php.ini-dist /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini

cd ../

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4、编译安装PHP5扩展模块

tar zxvf memcache-2.2.5.tgz

cd memcache-2.2.5/

/usr/local/php/bin/phpize

./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config

make

make install

cd ../

tar jxvf eaccelerator-0.9.6.1.tar.bz2

cd eaccelerator-0.9.6.1/

/usr/local/php/bin/phpize

./configure --enable-eaccelerator=shared --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config

make

make install

cd ../

tar zxvf PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2.tgz

cd PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2/

/usr/local/php/bin/phpize

./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config --with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/mysql

make

make install

cd ../

tar zxvf ImageMagick.tar.gz

cd ImageMagick-6.5.1-2/

./configure

make

make install

cd ../

tar zxvf imagick-2.3.0.tgz

cd imagick-2.3.0/

/usr/local/php/bin/phpize

./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config

make

make install

cd ../

　5、修改php.ini文件

　　手工修改：查找/usr/local/php/etc/php.ini中的extension_dir = "./"

　　修改为extension_dir = "/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/"

　　并在此行后增加以下几行，然后保存：

　　extension = "memcache.so"

　　extension = "pdo_mysql.so"

　　extension = "imagick.so"

　　再查找output_buffering = Off

　　修改为output_buffering = On

　　再查找; cgi.fix_pathinfo=0

　　修改为cgi.fix_pathinfo=0，防止Nginx文件类型错误解析漏洞。

6、配置eAccelerator加速PHP：

mkdir -p /usr/local/eaccelerator_cache

vi /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini

　　按shift+g键跳到配置文件的最末尾，加上以下配置信息：

引用

[eaccelerator]

zend_extension="/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/eaccelerator.so"

eaccelerator.shm_size="64"

eaccelerator.cache_dir="/usr/local/eaccelerator_cache"

eaccelerator.enable="1"

eaccelerator.optimizer="1"

eaccelerator.check_mtime="1"

eaccelerator.debug="0"

eaccelerator.filter=""

eaccelerator.shm_max="0"

eaccelerator.shm_ttl="3600"

eaccelerator.shm_prune_period="3600"

eaccelerator.shm_only="0"

eaccelerator.compress="1"

eaccelerator.compress_level="9"

　　7、创建www用户和组，以及供blog.s135.com和www.s135.com两个虚拟主机使用的目录：

/usr/sbin/groupadd www

/usr/sbin/useradd -g www www

mkdir -p /data0/htdocs/blog

chmod +w /data0/htdocs/blog

chown -R www:www /data0/htdocs/blog

mkdir -p /data0/htdocs/www

chmod +w /data0/htdocs/www

chown -R www:www /data0/htdocs/www

　8、创建php-fpm配置文件（php-fpm是为PHP打的一个FastCGI管理补丁，可以平滑变更php.ini配置而无需重启php-cgi）：

　　在/usr/local/php/etc/目录中创建php-fpm.conf文件：

rm -f /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf

vi /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf

　　输入以下内容（如果您安装 Nginx + PHP 用于程序调试，请将以下的<value name="display_errors">0</value>改为<value name="display_errors">1</value>，以便显示PHP错误信息，否则，Nginx 会报状态为500的空白错误页）：

<?xml version="1.0" ?>

All relative paths in this config are relative to php's install prefix

Pid file

<value name="pid_file">/usr/local/php/logs/php-fpm.pid</value>

Error log file

<value name="error_log">/usr/local/php/logs/php-fpm.log</value>

Log level

<value name="log_level">notice</value>

When this amount of php processes exited with SIGSEGV or SIGBUS ...

... in a less than this interval of time, a graceful restart will be initiated.

Useful to work around accidental curruptions in accelerator's shared memory.

Time limit on waiting child's reaction on signals from master

Set to 'no' to debug fpm

</section>

Name of pool. Used in logs and stats.

<value name="name">default</value>

Address to accept fastcgi requests on.

Valid syntax is 'ip.ad.re.ss:port' or just 'port' or '/path/to/unix/socket'

Set listen(2) backlog

Set permissions for unix socket, if one used.

In Linux read/write permissions must be set in order to allow connections from web server.

Many BSD-derrived systems allow connections regardless of permissions.

</value>

Additional php.ini defines, specific to this pool of workers.

<value name="sendmail_path">/usr/sbin/sendmail -t -i</value>

</value>

Unix user of processes

Unix group of processes

Process manager settings

Sets style of controling worker process count.

Valid values are 'static' and 'apache-like'

<value name="style">static</value>

Sets the limit on the number of simultaneous requests that will be served.

Equivalent to Apache MaxClients directive.

Equivalent to PHP_FCGI_CHILDREN environment in original php.fcgi

Used with any pm_style.

Settings group for 'apache-like' pm style

Sets the number of server processes created on startup.

Used only when 'apache-like' pm_style is selected

Sets the desired minimum number of idle server processes.

Used only when 'apache-like' pm_style is selected

Sets the desired maximum number of idle server processes.

Used only when 'apache-like' pm_style is selected

</value>

The timeout (in seconds) for serving a single request after which the worker process will be terminated

Should be used when 'max_execution_time' ini option does not stop script execution for some reason

'0s' means 'off'

The timeout (in seconds) for serving of single request after which a php backtrace will be dumped to slow.log file

'0s' means 'off'

The log file for slow requests

Set open file desc rlimit

Set max core size rlimit

Chroot to this directory at the start, absolute path

Chdir to this directory at the start, absolute path

Redirect workers' stdout and stderr into main error log.

If not set, they will be redirected to /dev/null, according to FastCGI specs

How much requests each process should execute before respawn.

Useful to work around memory leaks in 3rd party libraries.

For endless request processing please specify 0

Equivalent to PHP_FCGI_MAX_REQUESTS

Comma separated list of ipv4 addresses of FastCGI clients that allowed to connect.

Equivalent to FCGI_WEB_SERVER_ADDRS environment in original php.fcgi (5.2.2+)

Makes sense only with AF_INET listening socket.

Pass environment variables like LD_LIBRARY_PATH

All $VARIABLEs are taken from current environment

<value name="HOSTNAME">$HOSTNAME</value>

<value name="PATH">/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin</value>

<value name="OSTYPE">$OSTYPE</value>

<value name="MACHTYPE">$MACHTYPE</value>

</value>

</section>

</workers>

</configuration>

9、启动php-cgi进程，监听127.0.0.1的9000端口，进程数为128

（如果服务器内存小于3GB，可以只开启64个进程），用户为www：

ulimit -SHn 65535

/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm start

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

　　三、安装Nginx 0.8.46

　　1、安装Nginx所需的pcre库：

tar zxvf pcre-8.10.tar.gz

cd pcre-8.10/

./configure

make && make install

cd ../

　　2、安装Nginx

tar zxvf nginx-0.8.46.tar.gz

cd nginx-0.8.46/

./configure --user=www --group=www --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module

make && make install

cd ../

　　3、创建Nginx日志目录

mkdir -p /data1/logs

chmod +w /data1/logs

chown -R www:www /data1/logs

　4、创建Nginx配置文件

　　①、在/usr/local/nginx/conf/目录中创建nginx.conf文件：

rm -f /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

　　输入以下内容：

引用

user www www;

worker_processes 8;

error_log /data1/logs/nginx_error.log crit;

pid /usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid;

#Specifies the value for maximum file descriptors that can be opened by this process.

worker_rlimit_nofile 65535;

events

{

use epoll;

worker_connections 65535;

}

http

{

include mime.types;

default_type application/octet-stream;

#charset gb2312;

server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;

client_header_buffer_size 32k;

large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;

client_max_body_size 8m;

sendfile on;

tcp_nopush on;

keepalive_timeout 60;

tcp_nodelay on;

fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;

fastcgi_send_timeout 300;

fastcgi_read_timeout 300;

fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;

fastcgi_buffers 4 64k;

fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;

fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k;

gzip on;

gzip_min_length 1k;

gzip_buffers 4 16k;

gzip_http_version 1.0;

gzip_comp_level 2;

gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;

gzip_vary on;

#limit_zone crawler $binary_remote_addr 10m;

server

{

listen 80;

server_name blog.s135.com;

index index.html index.htm index.php;

root /data0/htdocs/blog;

#limit_conn crawler 20;

location ~ .*\.(php|php5)?$

{

#fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock;

fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;

fastcgi_index index.php;

include fcgi.conf;

}

location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$

{

expires 30d;

}

location ~ .*\.(js|css)?$

{

expires 1h;

}

log_format access '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '

'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '

'"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for';

access_log /data1/logs/access.log access;

}

server

{

listen 80;

server_name www.s135.com;

index index.html index.htm index.php;

root /data0/htdocs/www;

location ~ .*\.(php|php5)?$

{

#fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock;

fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;

fastcgi_index index.php;

include fcgi.conf;

}

log_format wwwlogs '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '

'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '

'"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for';

access_log /data1/logs/wwwlogs.log wwwlogs;

}

server

{

listen 80;

server_name status.blog.s135.com;

location / {

stub_status on;

access_log off;

}

　②、在/usr/local/nginx/conf/目录中创建fcgi.conf文件：

vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/fcgi.conf

　　输入以下内容：

引用

fastcgi_param GATEWAY_INTERFACE CGI/1.1;

fastcgi_param SERVER_SOFTWARE nginx;

fastcgi_param QUERY_STRING $query_string;

fastcgi_param REQUEST_METHOD $request_method;

fastcgi_param CONTENT_TYPE $content_type;

fastcgi_param CONTENT_LENGTH $content_length;

fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;

fastcgi_param SCRIPT_NAME $fastcgi_script_name;

fastcgi_param REQUEST_URI $request_uri;

fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_URI $document_uri;

fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_ROOT $document_root;

fastcgi_param SERVER_PROTOCOL $server_protocol;

fastcgi_param REMOTE_ADDR $remote_addr;

fastcgi_param REMOTE_PORT $remote_port;

fastcgi_param SERVER_ADDR $server_addr;

fastcgi_param SERVER_PORT $server_port;

fastcgi_param SERVER_NAME $server_name;

# PHP only, required if PHP was built with --enable-force-cgi-redirect

fastcgi_param REDIRECT_STATUS 200;

　　5、启动Nginx

ulimit -SHn 65535

/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx

　　四、配置开机自动启动Nginx + PHP

vi /etc/rc.local

　　在末尾增加以下内容：

引用

ulimit -SHn 65535

/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm start

/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx

/data0/mysql/3306/mysql start

帮助信息

/data0/htdocs/blog

/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload

1、设定

[root@localhost ~]# /sbin/iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT

[root@localhost ~]# /sbin/iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT

[root@localhost ~]# /sbin/iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT

2、保存

[root@localhost ~]# /etc/rc.d/init.d/iptables save

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搭建nginx php mysql

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