1.显示消耗内存/CPU最多的10个进程

ps aux | sort -nk +4 | tail

ps aux | sort -nk +3 | tail

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2.查看Apache的并发请求数及其TCP连接状态

netstat -n | awk ‘/^tcp/ {++S[$NF]} END {for(a in S) print a, S[a]}’


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3.找出自己最常用的10条命令及使用次数(或求访问最多的ip数)

sed -e ‘s/| /\n/g’ ~/.bash_history |cut -d ‘ ‘ -f 1 | sort | uniq -c | sort -nr | head

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4.日志中第10个字段表示连接时间,求平均连接时间

cat access_log |grep “connect cbp” |awk ‘BEGIN{sum=0;count=0;}{sum+=$10;count++;}END{printf(“sum=%d,count=%d,avg=%f\n”,sum,count,

sum/count)}’

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5.lsof命令

lsof abc.txt 显示开启文件abc.txt的进程

lsof -i :22 知道22端口现在运行什么程序

lsof -c abc 显示abc进程现在打开的文件

lsof -p 12 看进程号为12的进程打开了哪些文件

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6.杀掉一个程序的所有进程

pkill -9 httpd

killall -9 httpd

注意尽量不用-9,数据库服务器上更不能轻易用kill,否则造成重要数据丢失后果将不堪设想。

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7.rsync命令(要求只同步某天的压缩文件,而且远程目录保持与本地目录一致)

/usr/bin/rsync -azvR –password-file=/etc/rsync.secrets `find . -name “*$yesterday.gz” -type f ` storage@192.168.2.23::logbackup/13.21/

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8.把目录下*.sh文件改名为*.SH

find . -name “*.sh” | sed ’s/\(.*\)\.sh/mv \0 \1.SH/’ |sh

find . -name “*.sh” | sed ’s/\(.*\)\.sh/mv & \1.SH/’|sh (跟上面那个效果一样)

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9.ssh执行远程的程序,并在本地显示

ssh -n -l zouyunhao 192.168.2.14 “ls -al /home/zouyunhao”

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10. 直接用命令行修改密码

echo “zouyunhaoPassword” |passwd –stdin zouyunhao

——————————————————————————————————————————

ssh-keygen

ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub user@remoteServer

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12.以http方式共享当前文件夹的文件

$ python -m SimpleHTTPServer

在浏览器访问http://IP:8000/即可下载当前目录的文件。

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13.shell段注释

:<<’echo hello,world!’

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14.查看服务器序列号

dmidecode |grep “Serial Number” (查看机器其他硬件信息也可用这个命令)

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15.查看网卡是否有网线物理连接

/sbin/mii-tool

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16.查看linux系统或者mysql错误码表示的意思,如查看13错误码表示的意思:

perror 13

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17.关于cpu个数

查看逻辑cpu个数:cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep “processor” | wc -l

查看物理cpu个数:cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep “physical id” | sort | uniq | wc -l

查看每个物理cpu的核数cores:cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep “cpu cores”

如果所有物理cpu的cores个数加起来小于逻辑cpu的个数,则该cpu使用了超线程技术。查看每个物理cpu中逻辑cpu的个数:cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep “siblings”


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18.从格式不规范的日志中截取字符串

perl -ne ’print “$1\n” if /servletPath=(\S+)/g’ test.log

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19. 把所有的文件名含有空格的,把空格去掉

find ./ -type f | while read line;do echo $line|grep -q " " && \mv "$line" $(echo $line|sed 's/ //g');done

------------------------------------------

20.把所有的文件夹的文件名含有空格的,把空格去掉

find ./ -type d -name '*'|while read file; do echo $file|grep -q " " && mv "$file" $(echo $file|tr -d ' '); done


当文件名的末尾以空格结束时,就不能用命令行来实现,需要使用脚本:


#!/bin/bash

IFS=$'\n'

find ./ -type f | while read line;do echo $line|grep -q " " && \mv "$line" $(echo $line|sed 's/ //g');done


-------------------------------------------


21.生成随机字符串:


# tr -dc _A-Z-a-z#$%^*-0-9 </dev/urandom |head -c8

chgSh^eJ

或者

# mkpasswd -l 8 -d 1 -c 3 -C 2 -s 2

G_ze3Hto


-------------------------------------------


22.linux统计PCI插槽数量:


[root@vcdog ~]# dmidecode |grep -1 PCI

ISA is supported

PCI is supported

PC Card (PCMCIA) is supported

--

System Slot Information

Designation: PCI Slot J11

Type: 32-bit PCI

Current Usage: In Use

--

System Slot Information

Designation: PCI Slot J12

Type: 32-bit PCI

Current Usage: In Use

--

System Slot Information

Designation: PCI Slot J13

Type: 32-bit PCI

Current Usage: In Use

--

System Slot Information

Designation: PCI Slot J14

Type: 32-bit PCI

Current Usage: Available


----------------------------------------



23. nmap探测远程主机的开放端口及操作系统:

# nmap -A -T4 192.168.1.28 //此处可以为主机名,域名,或主机IP地址

Starting Nmap 4.11 ( ​​http://www.insecure.org/nmap/​​​ ) at 2010-12-28 09:46 CST

Interesting ports on bogon (192.168.1.29):

Not shown: 1677 closed ports

PORT STATE SERVICE VERSION

135/tcp open msrpc Microsoft Windows RPC

139/tcp open netbios-ssn

445/tcp open microsoft-ds Microsoft Windows XP microsoft-ds

MAC Address: 70:5A:B6:09:45:FA (Unknown)

Device type: general purpose

Running: Microsoft Windows NT/2K/XP

OS details: Microsoft Widows XP SP2

Service Info: OS: Windows


------------------------------------

24. linux下的文件去掉^M硬回车的方法:


(1)# cat test.txt |tr -d '^M' >test.new

(2).# sed -i 's/^M//g' test.txt

(3)# dos2unix test.txt

(4)在vi中用:%s/^M//g

注意:这里的“^M”要使用“CTRL-V CTRL-M”生成,而不是直接键入“^M”。


-------------------------------------

25.删除文件中的所有空行:

1.使用awk方法如下:

[root@dg ~]# cat t.txt | awk -F '' '{if($1!=null) print $0}'

203.208.46.146 ​​www.google.com​

223.208.46.146 ​​www.google.com​

203.208.46.147 ​​www.google.com.hk​

203.208.46.132 clients1.google.com

203.208.46.149 mail.google.com


2.sed方法如下:

[root@dg ~]# sed '/^$/d' t.txt

203.208.46.146 ​​www.google.com​

223.208.46.146 ​​www.google.com​

203.208.46.147 ​​www.google.com.hk​

203.208.46.132 clients1.google.com

203.208.46.149 mail.google.com

203.208.46.161 chatenabled.mail.google.com


3.awk方法如下:

[root@dg ~]# awk 'NF' t.txt

203.208.46.146 ​​www.google.com​

223.208.46.146 ​​www.google.com​

203.208.46.147 ​​www.google.com.hk​

203.208.46.132 clients1.google.com

203.208.46.149 mail.google.com

203.208.46.161 chatenabled.mail.google.com


4.vim中删除空行如下:

:g/^$/d

203.208.46.146 ​​www.google.com​

223.208.46.146 ​​www.google.com​

203.208.46.147 ​​www.google.com.hk​

203.208.46.132 clients1.google.com

203.208.46.149 mail.google.com

203.208.46.161 chatenabled.mail.google.com

------------------------------------

26.获取内存条TYPE和SPEED的信息:


dmidecode |grep -A 16 "Memory Device"|grep -E "Speed|Type"

        Type: DDR2 FB-DIMM

        Speed: 667 MHz (1.5 ns)

        Type: DDR2 FB-DIMM

        Speed: 667 MHz (1.5 ns)

        Type: DDR2 FB-DIMM

        Speed: 667 MHz (1.5 ns)

        Type: DDR2 FB-DIMM

        Speed: 667 MHz (1.5 ns)

        Type: DDR2 FB-DIMM

        Type: DDR2 FB-DIMM

        Type: DDR2 FB-DIMM

        Type: DDR2 FB-DIMM

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