安装JDK并配置Tomcat
Tomcat是轻量级应用服务器，在中小型系统和并发访问用户不是很多的场合下被普遍使用，是开发和调试JSP程序的首选。实际上Tomcat 部分是Apache服务器的扩展，但它是独立运行的，所以当你运行tomcat时，它实际上作为一个与Apache 独立的进程单独运行的。
一、安装JDK
1、卸载系统安装的jdk
[root@daixuan ~]# java -version
java version "1.7.0_79"
OpenJDK Runtime Environment (rhel-2.5.5.4.el6-i386 u79-b14)
OpenJDK Server VM (build 24.79-b02, mixed mode)
[root@daixuan src]# which java
/usr/bin/java
[root@daixuan src]# rpm -qf /usr/bin/java
file /usr/bin/java is not owned by any package
[root@daixuan src]# yum list | grep jdk //查看到之前系统安装的jdk1.6和jdk1.7
file:///mnt/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] Could not open/read file:///mnt/repodata/repomd.xml
尝试其他镜像。
java-1.6.0-openjdk.i686 1:1.6.0.35-1.13.7.1.el6_6 @anaconda-CentOS-201508042139.i386/6.7
java-1.6.0-openjdk-devel.i686 1:1.6.0.35-1.13.7.1.el6_6@anaconda-CentOS-201508042139.i386/6.7
java-1.7.0-openjdk.i686 1:1.7.0.79-2.5.5.4.el6@anaconda-CentOS-201508042139.i386/6.7
java-1.7.0-openjdk-devel.i686 1:1.7.0.79-2.5.5.4.el6@anaconda-CentOS-201508042139.i386/6.7
java-1.6.0-openjdk.i686 1:1.6.0.37-1.13.9.4.el6_7 updates
java-1.6.0-openjdk-demo.i686 1:1.6.0.37-1.13.9.4.el6_7 updates
java-1.6.0-openjdk-devel.i686 1:1.6.0.37-1.13.9.4.el6_7 updates
java-1.6.0-openjdk-javadoc.i686 1:1.6.0.37-1.13.9.4.el6_7 updates
java-1.6.0-openjdk-src.i686 1:1.6.0.37-1.13.9.4.el6_7 updates
java-1.7.0-openjdk.i686 1:1.7.0.91-2.6.2.2.el6_7 updates
java-1.7.0-openjdk-demo.i686 1:1.7.0.91-2.6.2.2.el6_7 updates
java-1.7.0-openjdk-devel.i686 1:1.7.0.91-2.6.2.2.el6_7 updates
java-1.7.0-openjdk-javadoc.noarch 1:1.7.0.91-2.6.2.2.el6_7 updates
java-1.7.0-openjdk-src.i686 1:1.7.0.91-2.6.2.2.el6_7 updates
卸载1.6jdk和1.7jdk
[root@daixuan src]# yum remove java-1.6.0-openjdk* java-1.7.0-openjdk*
2、下载jdk1.8并解压
http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/cn/java/javase/downloads/jdk8-downloads-2133151-zhs.html
注：有些下载地址，linux下载是HTML文件不能解压安装，解决方法是：使用chrome下载，接受许可条款，暂停后或在下载列表中右键获取下载地址
[root@daixuan src]# cd /usr/local/src
注，接受许可条款，在windowd浏览器中点击下载，每个链接地址好像只能下载一次，
[root@daixuan src]#wget (chrome复制的jdk下载地址，注意uname -r查看linux系统是32位或者64位)
[root@daixuan src]# tar -zxvf jdk-8u65-linux-i586.tar.gz\?AuthParam\=1451475118_5e960824c5c45bcb5943c57e877f1ed4
[root@daixuan src]# ls
jdk1.8.0_65
[root@daixuan src]# mv jdk1.8.0_65 /usr/local/
3、设置环境变量
[root@daixuan src]# vim /etc/profile
在末尾输入以下内容：
JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.8.0_65/
JAVA_BIN=/usr/local/jdk1.8.0_65/bin
JRE_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.8.0_65/jre
PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/jdk1.8.0_65/bin:/usr/local/jdk1.8.0_65/jre/bin
CLASSPATH=/usr/local/jdk1.8.0_65/jre/lib:/usr/local/jdk1.8.0_65/lib:/usr/local/jdk1.8.0_65/jre/lib/charsets.jar
export JAVA_HOME JAVA_BIN JRE_HOME PATH CLASSPATH
保存后使其生效
[root@daixuan src]# source /etc/profile
检测是否生效：
[root@daixuan src]# java -version
java version "1.8.0_65"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_65-b17)
Java HotSpot(TM) Server VM (build 25.65-b01, mixed mode)
二、安装tomcat
1、下载tomcat
[root@daixuan src]# wget
http://mirrors.hust.edu.cn/apache/tomcat/tomcat-7/v7.0.67/bin/apache-tomcat-7.0.67.tar.gz
2、解压tomcat
[root@daixuan src]# tar -zxvf apache-tomcat-7.0.67.tar.gz
[root@daixuan src]# mv apache-tomcat-7.0.67 /usr/local/tomcat
3、添加tomcat启动项，并修改启动项配置，启动tomcat
[root@daixuan src]# cp -p /usr/local/tomcat/bin/catalina.sh /etc/init.d/tomcat
[root@daixuan src]# vim /etc/init.d/tomcat
添加如下信息：
# description: tomcat server init script
# chkconfig:2345 63 37
. /etc/init.d/functions
JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.8.0_65/
CATALINA_HOME=/usr/local/tomcat
保存文件后，添加权限并启动tomcat
[root@daixuan tomcat]# chmod 755 /etc/init.d/tomcat
[root@daixuan tomcat]# chkconfig --add tomcat
[root@daixuan tomcat]# chkconfig tomcat on
[root@daixuan tomcat]# /etc/init.d/tomcat start
或者
[root@daixuan tomcat]# service tomcat start
4、查看tomcat进程并测试tomcat
[root@daixuan tomcat]# ps aux | grep tomcat
root 8268 5.5 4.4 808576 85508 pts/1 Sl 21:08 0:05 /usr/local/jdk1.8.0_65//bin/java
[root@daixuan tomcat]# netstat -lnp
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name
tcp 0 0 ::ffff:127.0.0.1:8005 :::* LISTEN 8268/java
tcp 0 0 :::8009 :::* LISTEN 8268/java
tcp 0 0 :::8080 :::* LISTEN 8268/java
在浏览器中输入http://IP:8080/ 你会看到tomcat的主界面，说明tomcat配置成功
三、配置tomcat
tomcat默认启动的是8080，如果你想修改为80，则需要修改server.xml文件:
1. 配置tomcat服务的访问端口
[root@daixuan tomcat]# cd /usr/local/tomcat/conf/
[root@daixuan conf]# ls
Catalina catalina.properties logging.properties tomcat-users.xml
catalina.policy context.xml server.xml web.xml
[root@daixuan conf]# vim server.xml //把8080修改为80
<Connector port="80" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
connectionTimeout="20000"
redirectPort="8443" />
2. 配置新的虚拟主机
[root@daixuan conf]# cd /usr/local/tomcat/conf/
[root@daixuan conf]# vim server.xml //找到</Host>下一行插入新的<Host>内容如下:
<Host name="www.123.com" appBase="/data/tomcatweb"
unpackWARs="false" autoDeploy="true"
xmlValidation="false" xmlNamespaceAware="false">
<Context path="" docBase="./" debug="0" reloadable="true" crossContext="true"/>
</Host>
[root@daixuan conf]# mkdir -p /data/tomcatweb //新建tomcat指定的目录
[root@daixuan conf]# service tomcat stop
[root@daixuan conf]# service tomcat start
[root@daixuan conf]# netstat -lnp | grep java
tcp 0 0 ::ffff:127.0.0.1:8005 :::* LISTEN 8827/java
tcp 0 0 :::8009 :::* LISTEN 8827/java
tcp 0 0 :::80 :::* LISTEN 8827/java
3、测试tomcat
此时在浏览器中直接输入linux服务器的IP地址：192.168.101.230即可打开tomcat默认网站，原因是将原来的8080端口修改为80端口了
[root@daixuan conf]# vim /data/tomcatweb/111.xtx
[root@daixuan conf]# vim /data/tomcatweb/111.txt
[root@daixuan conf]# curl -xlocalhost:80 www.123.com/111.txt
12345
67890
说明tomcat已经可以解析了
[root@daixuan conf]# vim /data/tomcatweb/111.jsp
<html>
<body>
<center>
NOW time is: <%=new java.util.Date()%> //调用了时间函数
</html>
[root@daixuan conf]# curl -xlocalhost:80 www.123.com/111.jsp
<html>
<body>
<center>
NOW time is: Wed Dec 30 22:14:11 CST 2015 //显示时间，正常解析了
</html>
在浏览器中输入：http://www.123.com/111.jsp
4、如何登录tomcat呢？
[root@daixuan conf]# pwd
/usr/local/tomcat/conf
[root@daixuan conf]# vim tomcat-users.xml
在<tomcat-users>和</tomcat-users>之间注释或删除掉所有的默认账户和权限，新加一个权限如下：
<tomcat-users>
<role rolename="manager-gui"/>
<user username="tomcat" password="daixuan" roles="manager-gui"/>
</tomcat-users>
保存退出后，重启tomcat，点击Manager app登录管理后台时候，输入用户名tomcat和密码daixuan，即可登录
