PXE+DHCP+FTP+KICKSTART无人值守安装Centos5.0

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不懂真人 2012-03-27 22:15:13 博主文章分类：linux&服务 ©著作权

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环境：虚拟机VM，Centos5.0

说明：我的ip地址为192.168.141.3，为客户机分配的ip地址范围为

192.168.141.180-192.168.141.182

一：安装DHCP服务器，配置后并设置开机启动（用来分配IP地址）

A；安装dhcp

B；修改配置文件

修改/etc/dhcpd.conf如下：

ddns-update-style interim;
ignore client-updates;
allow booting; #定义可以PXE方式启动
allow bootp;     #定义支持boottp
class "pxeclients" {
match if substring(option vendor-class-identifier,0,9) = "PXEClient";
filename "/pxelinux.0";     #pxelinux.0启动引导文件存放路径
next-server 192.168.141.3; #TFTP服务器ip地址，所以dhcpd与TFTP服务器不一定在一个机器
上
}

subnet 192.168.141.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {       #DHCP服务器自身网段及子网掩码

# --- default gateway
        option routers 192.168.141.2;

        option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0;
        option nis-domain "domain.org";
        option domain-name "domain.org";
        option domain-name-servers 192.168.141.2;    #域名服务器ip，可以不使，但最好
设置一个免得安装中提示

        option time-offset -18000;

# Eastern Standard Time
# option ntp-servers 192.168.1.1;
# option netbios-name-servers 192.168.1.1;
# --- Selects point-to-point node (default is hybrid). Don't change this unless
# -- you understand Netbios very well
# option netbios-node-type 2;

        range dynamic-bootp 192.168.141.180 192.168.141.182; #DHCP地址池
        default-lease-time 21600;
        max-lease-time 43200;

        # we want the nameserver to appear at a fixed address
# host ns {

#这个字段可以为指定MAC地址的机器指定固定的ip,也可不
使
# next-server marvin.redhat.com;
# hardware ethernet 12:34:56:78:AB:CD;
# fixed-address 207.175.42.254;
# }
}

C；设置开机启动

D；重启服务 /etc/init.d/dhcpd restart

二：安装FTP服务器，并设置开机启动（用来放置光盘的内容和ks问件）

A;安装vsftpd

B; 重启服务 /etc/init.d/vsftpd restart

三：安装TFTP服务器，一个是服务器端，一个是客户端，客户端主要用来做本机测试的（用来放置PXE启动时所需的文件）

A;安装tftp

B;修改/etc/xinetd.d/tftp如下：

# default: off
# description: The tftp server serves files using the trivial file transfer \
# protocol. The tftp protocol is often used to boot diskless \
# workstations, download configuration files to network-aware printers, \
# and to start the installation process for some operating systems.
service tftp
{
        disable = no
        socket_type = dgram
        protocol = udp
        wait = yes
        user = root
        server = /usr/sbin/in.tftpd
        server_args = -s /tftpboot
        per_source = 11
        cps = 100 2
        flags = IPv4
}

C;重启服务 /etc/init.d/xinetd restart

四：挂载光盘到/var/ftp/pub

五：配置支持PXE的启动程序

A；拷贝启动引导文件：

B;拷贝内核文件，菜单选项文件，以及菜单配置文件：

C;我的/tftpboot目录结构：

D；拷贝/root/anaconda-ks.cfg 到/var/pub,并修改其权限

E；修改/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default如下：

default ks
prompt 1
timeout 60
display boot.msg
F1 boot.msg
F2 options.msg
F3 general.msg
F4 param.msg
F5 rescue.msg
label linux
kernel vmlinuz
append initrd=initrd.img
label text
kernel vmlinuz
append initrd=initrd.img text
label ks
kernel vmlinuz
append ks=ftp://192.168.141.3/anaconda-ks.cfg initrd=initrd.img
label local
localboot 1
label memtest86
kernel memtest
append -

F；修改/var/ftp/anaconda-ks.cfg如下:

# Kickstart file automatically generated by anaconda.

install
url --url=ftp://192.168.141.3/pub
lang en_US.UTF-8
keyboard us
network --device eth0 --bootproto dhcp
rootpw --iscrypted $1$oK96NKbn$9vjtYYXYpWTjuicKjciMH0
firewall --enabled --port=22:tcp
authconfig --enableshadow --enablemd5
selinux --enforcing
timezone --utc Asia/Shanghai
bootloader --location=mbr --driveorder=sda --append="rhgb quiet"
# The following is the partition information you requested
# Note that any partitions you deleted are not expressed
# here so unless you clear all partitions first, this is
# not guaranteed to work
clearpart --all --initlable
part /boot --fstype ext3 --size=100 --asprimary
part swap --size=256
part / --fstype ext3 --size=1 --grow --asprimary

%packages
@admin-tools
@base
@base-x
@core
@development-libs
@development-tools
@dialup
@editors
@games
@gnome-desktop
@graphical-internet
@graphics
@network-server
@office
@printing
@sound-and-video
@system-tools
@text-internet
kernel-devel

六：测试，成功了：