某互联网企业技术发展史(三)安装与初步配置nginx、php fastcgi和squid

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babyhe 2013-03-29 03:12:00 博主文章分类：Linux/Unix ©著作权

文章标签 php linux squid nginx php-fpm 文章分类 Nginx 服务器

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今天开始安装php和nginx，以及squid，目的是访问首先通过squid缓存，未缓存则转到nginx，若为php则转到php解析器进行解析，php采用fastcgi启动方式，并使用php-fpm php fastcgi管理器。

1，安装php及php-fpm：

# yum -y install php php-fpm

设置php-fpm随系统启动：

# chkconfig php-fpm on

修改php-fpm配置文件：

# vim /etc/php-fpm.conf

error_log = /var/log/php-fpm/error.log

# vim /etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf

listen = 127.0.0.1:9000

启动php-fpm:

# service php-fpm restart

Stopping php-fpm: [ OK ]

Starting php-fpm: [ OK ]

检查是否启动正确，监听9000端口：

# netstat -an | grep :9000

tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:9000 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN

# lsof -i:9000

COMMAND PID USER FD TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME

php-fpm 3204 root 7u IPv4 40935 0t0 TCP localhost:cslistener (LISTEN)

php-fpm 3205 apache 0u IPv4 40935 0t0 TCP localhost:cslistener (LISTEN)

php-fpm 3206 apache 0u IPv4 40935 0t0 TCP localhost:cslistener (LISTEN)

php-fpm 3207 apache 0u IPv4 40935 0t0 TCP localhost:cslistener (LISTEN)

php-fpm 3208 apache 0u IPv4 40935 0t0 TCP localhost:cslistener (LISTEN)

php-fpm 3209 apache 0u IPv4 40935 0t0 TCP localhost:cslistener (LISTEN)

安装php其它组件：

# yum -y install php-gd php-mysql php-mbstring php-xml php-mcrypt

2，安装配置nginx，并使php页面转交给php-fpm处理

安装nginx：

# yum -y install nginx

配置nginx：

# vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf

# vim /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf

server {
        listen             8080;
        server_name    localhost;

        #charset koi8-r;
        access_log    /var/log/nginx/log/host.access.log    main;

        location / {
                #root     /usr/share/nginx/html;
                root     /var/www/html;
                index    index.html index.htm default.htm default.html index.php default.php;
        }

        #error_page    404                            /404.html;

        # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
        #
        error_page     500 502 503 504    /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
                root     /usr/share/nginx/html;
        }

        # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #        proxy_pass     http://127.0.0.1:8080;
        #}

        # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
        #
        location ~ \.php$ {
                root                     /var/www/html;
                fastcgi_pass     127.0.0.1:9000;
                fastcgi_index    index.php;
                fastcgi_param    SCRIPT_FILENAME    $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
                include                fastcgi_params;
        }

        # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
        # concurs with nginx's one
        #
        #location ~ /\.ht {
        #        deny    all;
        #}
}

设置nginx随系统启动：

# chkconfig nginx on

重启nginx：

# service nginx restart

Stopping nginx: [ OK ]

Starting nginx: [ OK ]

在网站目录 /var/www/html 下创建phpinfo.php:

<?php
phpinfo();
?>

关掉防火墙，访问http://192.168.1.18:8080/phpinfo.php,访问应该成功。

3，安装squid

由于squid缓存文件将放在SSD盘里，因此需要将SSD随系统启动挂载。

首先找出SSD来：

# fdisk -l

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/sdc1 1 14594 117218304 7 HPFS/NTFS

可知SSD盘符 /dev/sdc1, 且格式为NTFS；

首先格式化SSD为ext linux格式：

# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdc1

将SSD挂载信息加入到/etc/fstab文件中

# vim /etc/fstab

/dev/sdc1 /cache ext4 defaults,ssd,discard,noatime 2 1

并在当前挂载：

# mkdir /cache

# mount -o discard,noatime -t ext4 /dev/sdc1 /cache

再查看则可看到 /cache 目录：

# df -h

Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/sdc1 111G 188M 105G 1% /cache

创建squid需要的目录：

# mkdir -p /cache/spool/squid

关闭selinux，否则squid会报如下错误：

2012/09/30 09:05:46| /cache/spool/squid: (13) Permission denied
FATAL:    Failed to verify one of the swap directories, Check cache.log
                for details.    Run 'squid -z' to create swap directories
                if needed, or if running Squid for the first time.

解决这个问题：

# vim /etc/sysconfig/selinux

SELINUX=disabled

# setenforce 0

现在开始安装配置squid：

安装squid,运行下面命令，将会安装squid3.1：

# yum -y install squid

将squid设置随系统启动：

# chkconfig squid on

安装完后配置squid：

# vim /etc/squid/squid.conf

在文件末尾加上以下配置项，若前面有相同的注释掉原有的：

####### customazation #########
http_port 80 vhost
icp_port 0

cache_peer 192.168.1.18 parent 8080 0 no-query originserver weight=1 name=a
cache_peer_access a allow all

#cache_mem 0MB
memory_pools off
maximum_object_size 10 MB
maximum_object_size_in_memory 100 KB
negative_ttl 0 second
ipcache_size 10240
fqdncache_size 10240
#reply_body_max_size 1024000 allow all
cache_dir aufs /cache/spool/squid 10240 64 256
read_ahead_gap 20 KB

access_log /var/log/squid/access.log
#cache_access_log /var/squid/log/access.log
#logformat abc-squid %ts.%03tu %6tr %>a %Ss/%03Hs %<st %rm %ru %un %Sh/%<A %mt "%{Referer}>h" "%{User-Agent}>h"
cache_store_log none
strip_query_terms off
check_hostnames off
#dns_children 30

#httpd_accel_port 80
#httpd_accel_host virtual
#httpd_accel_uses_host_header on
#httpd_accel_with_proxy off

acl over_conn_limit maxconn 800
http_access deny over_conn_limit

negative_ttl 0 minutes
pipeline_prefetch on
forwarded_for on

refresh_pattern -i /.(htm|html|txt|js)$ 0 66% 1440 reload-into-ims
refresh_pattern -i /.(bmp|gif|jpg|png|swf)$ 0 66% 10080 reload-into-ims

重新启动squid：

# service squid restart

Stopping squid: ................ [ OK ]

Starting squid: . [ OK ]

检查是否启动成功：

# netstat -an | grep :80

tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:8080 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN

tcp 0 0 :::80 :::* LISTEN

# lsof -i:80

COMMAND PID USER FD TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME

squid 3277 squid 16u IPv6 41615 0t0 TCP *:http (LISTEN)

再访问原来的网址,将端口改为80：