{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4399399737","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2406.00921","title":"Towards Effective Detection of Ponzi schemes on Ethereum with Contract\n Runtime Behavior Graph","display_name":"Towards Effective Detection of Ponzi schemes on Ethereum with Contract\n Runtime Behavior Graph","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-06-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4399399737","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2406.00921"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2406.00921","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2406.00921","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cornell University"],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false},"type":"preprint","type_crossref":"posted-content","indexed_in":["arxiv"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2406.00921","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103272632","display_name":"Ruichao Liang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0709-6420"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liang, Ruichao","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100394917","display_name":"Jing Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7212-5297"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chen, Jing","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101623391","display_name":"Cong Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0930-0283"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wu, Cong","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004999865","display_name":"Kun He","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3472-419X"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"He, Kun","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056381213","display_name":"Yueming Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1515-3558"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wu, Yueming","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112741191","display_name":"Weisong Sun","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sun, Weisong","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100529319","display_name":"Ruiying Du","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3634-3385"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Du, Ruiying","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100559453","display_name":"Qingchuan Zhao","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhao, Qingchuan","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100671723","display_name":"Yang Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-4737-8505"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liu, Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]}],"institution_assertions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":0,"max":83},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11644","display_name":"Spam and Phishing Detection","score":0.9968,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11644","display_name":"Spam and Phishing Detection","score":0.9968,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9964,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12519","display_name":"Cybercrime and Law Enforcement Studies","score":0.9752,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5815535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.57857907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.25606006}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2406.00921","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2406.00921","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cornell University"],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false}],"best_oa_location":{"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2406.00921","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2406.00921","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cornell University"],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"grants":[],"datasets":[],"versions":[],"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W4396696052","https://openalex.org/W4395014643","https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W2382290278","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W2001405890"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Ponzi":[0,69,108,118,141,165,217,242],"schemes,":[1],"a":[2,88,132,149,174],"form":[3],"of":[4,91,100,106,164,230],"scam,":[5],"have":[6,41,223],"been":[7],"discovered":[8],"in":[9,13,72,139,195,209,225,244],"Ethereum":[10,203,220],"smart":[11,249],"contracts":[12,142,218],"recent":[14],"years,":[15],"causing":[16],"massive":[17],"financial":[18],"losses.":[19],"Existing":[20],"detection":[21,101,120,171],"methods":[22,40],"primarily":[23],"focus":[24],"on":[25,47,79,123,178,219],"rule-based":[26],"approaches":[27,45,194],"and":[28,53,75,102,205],"machine":[29,63,85],"learning":[30,64,86],"techniques":[31],"that":[32,131,188],"utilize":[33],"static":[34,58,80],"information":[35,59,81],"as":[36,173],"features.":[37],"However,":[38],"these":[39],"significant":[42],"limitations.":[43],"Rule-based":[44],"rely":[46],"pre-defined":[48],"rules":[49],"with":[50],"limited":[51],"capabilities":[52],"domain":[54],"knowledge":[55],"dependency.":[56],"Using":[57,212],"like":[60,82],"opcodes":[61],"for":[62,84],"fails":[65],"to":[66,93,159,202],"effectively":[67],"characterize":[68],"contracts,":[70,146],"resulting":[71],"poor":[73],"reliability":[74],"interpretability.":[76],"Moreover,":[77],"relying":[78],"transactions":[83,92],"requires":[87],"certain":[89],"number":[90],"achieve":[94],"detection,":[95],"which":[96,222],"limits":[97],"the":[98,104,129,144,162,170,191,196,245],"scalability":[99],"hinders":[103],"identification":[105],"0-day":[107,241],"schemes.":[109],"In":[110],"this":[111],"paper,":[112],"we":[113,214],"propose":[114],"PonziGuard,":[115,213],"an":[116,226],"efficient":[117],"scheme":[119],"approach":[121],"based":[122],"contract":[124,154],"runtime":[125,134,155],"behavior.":[126],"Inspired":[127],"by":[128],"observation":[130],"contract's":[133],"behavior":[135,156,163],"is":[136],"more":[137],"effective":[138],"disguising":[140],"from":[143],"innocent":[145],"PonziGuard":[147,189,201],"establishes":[148],"comprehensive":[150],"graph":[151,157,175],"representation":[152],"called":[153],"(CRBG),":[158],"accurately":[160],"depict":[161],"contracts.":[166,250],"Furthermore,":[167],"it":[168],"formulates":[169],"process":[172],"classification":[176],"task":[177],"CRBG,":[179],"enhancing":[180],"its":[181,207],"overall":[182],"effectiveness.":[183],"The":[184],"experiment":[185],"results":[186],"show":[187],"surpasses":[190],"current":[192],"state-of-the-art":[193],"ground-truth":[197],"dataset.":[198],"We":[199,238],"applied":[200],"Mainnet":[204],"demonstrated":[206],"effectiveness":[208],"real-world":[210],"scenarios.":[211],"identified":[215],"805":[216],"Mainnet,":[221],"resulted":[224],"estimated":[227],"economic":[228],"loss":[229],"281,700":[231],"Ether":[232],"or":[233],"approximately":[234],"$500":[235],"million":[236],"USD.":[237],"also":[239],"found":[240],"schemes":[243],"recently":[246],"deployed":[247],"10,000":[248]},"cited_by_api_url":"https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4399399737","counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-01-08T21:35:32.332466","created_date":"2024-06-07"}