{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3099080574","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4204/eptcs.323.6","title":"Functorial Question Answering","display_name":"Functorial Question Answering","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-09-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3099080574","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4204/eptcs.323.6","mag":"3099080574"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1905.07408","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cornell University"],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true},"type":"article","type_crossref":"journal-article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1905.07408","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082909966","display_name":"Giovanni de Felice","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8550-718X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Giovanni de Felice","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Oxford."],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Oxford.","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082438677","display_name":"Konstantinos Meichanetzidis","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Konstantinos Meichanetzidis","raw_affiliation_strings":[" Department of Computer Science, University of Oxford."],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":" Department of Computer Science, University of Oxford.","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076217339","display_name":"Alexis Toumi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7040-4532"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alexis Toumi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Oxford."],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Oxford.","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}]}],"institution_assertions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":0,"currency":"USD","value_usd":0,"provenance":"doaj"},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.951,"has_fulltext":true,"fulltext_origin":"pdf","cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.849329,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":84,"max":85},"biblio":{"volume":"323","issue":null,"first_page":"84","last_page":"94"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10215","display_name":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","score":0.9994,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10215","display_name":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","score":0.9994,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9989,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9986,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fragment","display_name":"Fragment (logic)","score":0.64377403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/containment","display_name":"Containment (computer programming)","score":0.53376627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conjunctive-query","display_name":"Conjunctive query","score":0.45351356}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134752490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q374182","display_name":"Logical consequence","level":2,"score":0.6732735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776235265","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18392052","display_name":"Fragment (logic)","level":2,"score":0.64377403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44291984","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074173","display_name":"Question answering","level":2,"score":0.6327215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780876879","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3054749","display_name":"Meaning (existential)","level":2,"score":0.62563133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777530160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41796","display_name":"Sentence","level":2,"score":0.61737406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156772000","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q864475","display_name":"Functor","level":2,"score":0.61706626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777019822","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q390066","display_name":"Containment (computer programming)","level":2,"score":0.53376627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184337299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1437428","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.52800655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5241911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.5143248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65647387","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1781706","display_name":"Conjunctive query","level":3,"score":0.45351356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195324797","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33742","display_name":"Natural language","level":2,"score":0.42614552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.41042164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.38144097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.38029563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5655090","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192588","display_name":"Relational database","level":2,"score":0.36421934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.23161188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118615104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121416","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","level":1,"score":0.22116995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.16542003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.10990596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.076382756}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1905.07408","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cornell University"],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true},{"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1905.07408","pdf_url":"http://arxiv.org/pdf/1905.07408","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cornell University"],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false},{"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://api.datacite.org/dois/10.48550/arxiv.1905.07408","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4393179698","display_name":"DataCite API","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210145204","host_organization_name":"DataCite","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210145204"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["DataCite"],"type":"metadata"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null}],"best_oa_location":{"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1905.07408","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cornell University"],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.59}],"grants":[],"datasets":[],"versions":["https://openalex.org/W2959828207","https://openalex.org/W3099080574"],"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1172123589","https://openalex.org/W1644475622","https://openalex.org/W1791464197","https://openalex.org/W1887871432","https://openalex.org/W196280186","https://openalex.org/W1967503629","https://openalex.org/W1975812803","https://openalex.org/W1979514837","https://openalex.org/W1997398479","https://openalex.org/W2011039300","https://openalex.org/W2013957001","https://openalex.org/W2035597127","https://openalex.org/W2066651786","https://openalex.org/W2077262201","https://openalex.org/W2134483537","https://openalex.org/W2491030916","https://openalex.org/W2620789666","https://openalex.org/W2734361589","https://openalex.org/W2786268876","https://openalex.org/W2793076580","https://openalex.org/W2904087444","https://openalex.org/W2910759226","https://openalex.org/W2962785950","https://openalex.org/W2963664166","https://openalex.org/W3098407647","https://openalex.org/W3101885140","https://openalex.org/W3105507374","https://openalex.org/W3105669951","https://openalex.org/W3142513648","https://openalex.org/W3146798696","https://openalex.org/W4294611642","https://openalex.org/W4298392952","https://openalex.org/W4323304455"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4385764417","https://openalex.org/W4288046530","https://openalex.org/W4225313306","https://openalex.org/W4200417912","https://openalex.org/W2971193466","https://openalex.org/W2149149441","https://openalex.org/W2139894293","https://openalex.org/W1866166441","https://openalex.org/W1558141798","https://openalex.org/W1552362068"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Distributional":[0],"compositional":[1],"(DisCo)":[2],"models":[3,23],"are":[4],"functors":[5],"that":[6,21],"compute":[7],"the":[8,14,25],"meaning":[9,15],"of":[10,16,27,47,50,57],"a":[11,37,48],"sentence":[12],"from":[13,43],"its":[17],"words.":[18],"We":[19],"show":[20],"DisCo":[22],"in":[24],"category":[26],"sets":[28],"and":[29,45,55],"relations":[30],"correspond":[31],"precisely":[32],"to":[33,53],"relational":[34],"databases.":[35],"As":[36],"consequence,":[38],"we":[39,62],"get":[40],"complexity-theoretic":[41],"reductions":[42],"semantics":[44],"entailment":[46],"fragment":[49],"natural":[51],"language":[52],"evaluation":[54],"containment":[56],"conjunctive":[58],"queries,":[59],"respectively.":[60],"Finally,":[61],"define":[63],"question":[64],"answering":[65],"as":[66],"an":[67],"NP-complete":[68],"problem.":[69]},"cited_by_api_url":"https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3099080574","counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2024-12-12T14:54:02.799735","created_date":"2020-11-23"}