{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3157711820","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21092994","title":"Non-Contact Inspection of Railhead via Laser-Generated Rayleigh Waves and an Enhanced Matching Pursuit to Assist Detection of Surface and Subsurface Defects","display_name":"Non-Contact Inspection of Railhead via Laser-Generated Rayleigh Waves and an Enhanced Matching Pursuit to Assist Detection of Surface and Subsurface Defects","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-04-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3157711820","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21092994","mag":"3157711820","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33923270","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8123183"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21092994","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/9/2994/pdf?version=1619409720","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_indexed_in_scopus":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true},"type":"article","type_crossref":"journal-article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/9/2994/pdf?version=1619409720","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000694155","display_name":"Imran Ghafoor","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7755-9353"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168719708","display_name":"City University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/03q8dnn23","country_code":"HK","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Imran Ghafoor","raw_affiliation_strings":["Croucher Optical Nondestructive Testing Laboratory, Department of System Engineering and Engineering Management, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Croucher Optical Nondestructive Testing Laboratory, Department of System Engineering and Engineering Management, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066720416","display_name":"Peter W. Tse","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6796-7617"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168719708","display_name":"City University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/03q8dnn23","country_code":"HK","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Peter W. Tse","raw_affiliation_strings":["Croucher Optical Nondestructive Testing Laboratory, Department of System Engineering and Engineering Management, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Croucher Optical Nondestructive Testing Laboratory, Department of System Engineering and Engineering Management, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004924494","display_name":"Javad Rostami","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9943-8587"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168719708","display_name":"City University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/03q8dnn23","country_code":"HK","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Javad Rostami","raw_affiliation_strings":["Croucher Optical Nondestructive Testing Laboratory, Department of System Engineering and Engineering Management, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Croucher Optical Nondestructive Testing Laboratory, Department of System Engineering and Engineering Management, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042382992","display_name":"Kim Ming Ng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2471-7087"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168719708","display_name":"City University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/03q8dnn23","country_code":"HK","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kim-Ming Ng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Croucher Optical Nondestructive Testing Laboratory, Department of System Engineering and Engineering Management, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Croucher Optical Nondestructive Testing Laboratory, Department of System Engineering and Engineering Management, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}]}],"institution_assertions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5066720416"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":1.228,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.809403,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":85,"max":86},"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"9","first_page":"2994","last_page":"2994"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10662","display_name":"Ultrasonics and Acoustic Wave Propagation","score":0.9996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10662","display_name":"Ultrasonics and Acoustic Wave Propagation","score":0.9996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12169","display_name":"Non-Destructive Testing Techniques","score":0.9976,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10834","display_name":"Welding Techniques and Residual Stresses","score":0.9974,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rayleigh-wave","display_name":"Rayleigh Wave","score":0.62839735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/laser-ultrasonics","display_name":"Laser ultrasonics","score":0.4403797}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51473458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2351144","display_name":"Rayleigh wave","level":3,"score":0.62839735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135628077","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220184","display_name":"Finite element method","level":2,"score":0.59200615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520434653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38867","display_name":"Laser","level":2,"score":0.57264644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.5724268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81288441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20736125","display_name":"Ultrasonic sensor","level":2,"score":0.56910515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.4741475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46244369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193709","display_name":"Rayleigh scattering","level":2,"score":0.44466203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80665161","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4118243","display_name":"Laser ultrasonics","level":5,"score":0.4403797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3792181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3369131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84174578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q889796","display_name":"Surface wave","level":2,"score":0.28615856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.2738231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.27166983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.2000835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200649887","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17154544","display_name":"Laser power scaling","level":3,"score":0.15006396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.10235876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.07915649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.07408124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141790741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q448612","display_name":"Diode-pumped solid-state laser","level":4,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21092994","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/9/2994/pdf?version=1619409720","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_indexed_in_scopus":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true},{"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/74f6c9ffde684744b949b8ae30fa88f8","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_indexed_in_scopus":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false},{"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/180450/1/Non-Contact%20Inspection%20of%20Railhead%20via%20Laser-Generated%20Rayleigh%20Waves%20and%20an%20Enhanced%20Matching%20Pursuit%20to%20Assist%20Detection%20o.pdf","pdf_url":"https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/180450/1/Non-Contact%20Inspection%20of%20Railhead%20via%20Laser-Generated%20Rayleigh%20Waves%20and%20an%20Enhanced%20Matching%20Pursuit%20to%20Assist%20Detection%20o.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400854","display_name":"White Rose Research Online (University of Leeds, The University of Sheffield, University of York)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_indexed_in_scopus":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2800616092","host_organization_name":"White Rose University Consortium","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800616092"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["White Rose University Consortium"],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true},{"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8123183","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_indexed_in_scopus":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["National Institutes of Health"],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true}],"best_oa_location":{"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21092994","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/9/2994/pdf?version=1619409720","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_indexed_in_scopus":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.62,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality education"}],"grants":[],"datasets":[],"versions":[],"referenced_works_count":41,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1976374353","https://openalex.org/W1991271890","https://openalex.org/W2026686460","https://openalex.org/W2037396721","https://openalex.org/W2038040691","https://openalex.org/W2039153865","https://openalex.org/W2041142780","https://openalex.org/W2044866501","https://openalex.org/W2052702044","https://openalex.org/W2061738560","https://openalex.org/W2073225557","https://openalex.org/W2073255557","https://openalex.org/W2089581708","https://openalex.org/W2090041911","https://openalex.org/W2096236067","https://openalex.org/W2151693816","https://openalex.org/W2159974744","https://openalex.org/W2328314612","https://openalex.org/W2408550645","https://openalex.org/W2516459066","https://openalex.org/W2526359862","https://openalex.org/W2554431417","https://openalex.org/W2578712723","https://openalex.org/W2623424419","https://openalex.org/W2727078075","https://openalex.org/W2759796772","https://openalex.org/W2766151867","https://openalex.org/W2887344743","https://openalex.org/W2889460162","https://openalex.org/W2900458319","https://openalex.org/W2901521629","https://openalex.org/W2958397839","https://openalex.org/W2986807221","https://openalex.org/W2998325279","https://openalex.org/W3003164998","https://openalex.org/W3015784670","https://openalex.org/W3028267038","https://openalex.org/W3034550286","https://openalex.org/W3096195813","https://openalex.org/W3138505474","https://openalex.org/W353562331"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W65859210","https://openalex.org/W3036444151","https://openalex.org/W3033693472","https://openalex.org/W2098811506","https://openalex.org/W2093309704","https://openalex.org/W2034364859","https://openalex.org/W1993426271","https://openalex.org/W1978290204","https://openalex.org/W1679025561","https://openalex.org/W1637440311"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Laser":[0],"ultrasonic":[1,53,213],"technology":[2,54],"can":[3],"provide":[4],"a":[5,26,64,115,211,271,278],"non-contact,":[6],"reliable":[7],"and":[8,31,56,82,95,122,182,202,268,289],"efficient":[9,197],"inspection":[10,67,76,214],"of":[11,29,39,50,68,102,168,175,281],"train":[12,294],"rails.":[13,295],"However,":[14],"the":[15,20,37,43,48,69,133,144,162,165,169,179,187,191,206,225,230,252,260],"laser-generated":[16,136,170,212,283],"signals":[17,208,263],"measured":[18],"at":[19,100],"railhead":[21],"are":[22,256],"usually":[23],"contaminated":[24],"with":[25,177,190,229],"high":[27],"level":[28],"noise":[30,200],"unwanted":[32],"wave":[33,138,249,262],"components":[34],"that":[35,143,186,243],"complicate":[36],"identification":[38],"defect":[40,203],"echoes":[41],"in":[42,150,164,198,293],"signal.":[44],"This":[45],"study":[46],"explores":[47],"possibility":[49],"combining":[51],"laser":[52,266,273],"(LUT)":[55],"an":[57,123,234,240],"enhanced":[58,107,127,145,188,226,253],"matching":[59],"pursuit":[60],"(MP)":[61],"to":[62,80,86,131,258],"achieve":[63],"fully":[65],"non-contact":[66,74],"rail":[70],"track.":[71],"A":[72],"completely":[73],"laser-based":[75],"system":[77],"was":[78,106,129],"used":[79,130],"generate":[81],"sense":[83],"Rayleigh":[84,137,248,261,284],"waves":[85,285],"detect":[87],"artificial":[88],"surface":[89,91,288],"horizontal,":[90],"edge,":[92],"subsurface":[93,96,290],"horizontal":[94],"vertical":[97],"defects":[98,152],"created":[99,257],"railheads":[101],"different":[103],"dimensions.":[104],"MP":[105,128,146,176,189,227,254],"by":[108,153,210,220,265],"developing":[109],"two":[110],"novel":[111],"dictionaries,":[112],"which":[113],"include":[114],"finite":[116],"element":[117],"method":[118,228],"(FEM)":[119],"simulation":[120,181,193,236],"dictionary":[121,194,237,242],"experimental":[124,183,207,241],"dictionary.":[125],"The":[126,140,172,216],"analyze":[132],"experimentally":[134],"obtained":[135],"signals.":[139,171,250],"results":[141],"show":[142],"is":[147,195,224,244],"highly":[148,196],"effective":[149],"detecting":[151],"suppressing":[154],"noise,":[155],"and,":[156,238],"further,":[157],"it":[158],"could":[159],"also":[160],"overcome":[161],"deficiency":[163],"low":[166],"repeatability":[167],"comparative":[173],"analysis":[174],"both":[178,199],"FEM":[180,192,235],"dictionaries":[184,255],"shows":[185],"removal":[201],"detection":[204],"from":[205],"captured":[209],"system.":[215],"major":[217],"novelty":[218],"contributed":[219],"this":[221],"research":[222],"work":[223],"developments":[231],"of,":[232],"first,":[233],"second,":[239],"especially":[245],"suited":[246],"for":[247,286],"Third,":[251],"process":[259],"generated":[264],"excitation":[267],"received":[269],"using":[270],"3D":[272],"scanner.":[274],"Fourth,":[275],"we":[276],"introduce":[277],"pioneer":[279],"application":[280],"such":[282],"inspecting":[287],"detects":[291],"occurring":[292]},"abstract_inverted_index_v3":null,"cited_by_api_url":"https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3157711820","counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-03-22T02:19:08.738100","created_date":"2021-05-10"}