{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2990704421","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19235270","title":"Multi-Scale DenseNets-Based Aircraft Detection from Remote Sensing Images","display_name":"Multi-Scale DenseNets-Based Aircraft Detection from Remote Sensing Images","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-11-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2990704421","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19235270","mag":"2990704421","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31795502","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6929064"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19235270","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/23/5270/pdf?version=1575039639","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true},"type":"article","type_crossref":"journal-article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/23/5270/pdf?version=1575039639","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049890858","display_name":"Yantian Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2686-5275"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210118728","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying Mapping and Remote Sensing","ror":"https://ror.org/02bpap860","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210118728"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yantian Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping and Remote Sensing, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping and Remote Sensing, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210118728","https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100398353","display_name":"Haifeng Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1173-6593"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139660479","display_name":"Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f1zfq44","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haifeng Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Geosciences and Info-physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geosciences and Info-physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076416974","display_name":"Peng Jia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9396-2660"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100278","display_name":"Beijing Satellite Navigation Center","ror":"https://ror.org/0188rvx33","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210100278"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peng Jia","raw_affiliation_strings":["China Satellite Navigation Office, Beijing 100034, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"China Satellite Navigation Office, Beijing 100034, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210100278"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029635562","display_name":"Guo Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3987-5336"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210118728","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying Mapping and Remote Sensing","ror":"https://ror.org/02bpap860","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210118728"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Guo Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping and Remote Sensing, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping and Remote Sensing, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210118728","https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110650908","display_name":"Taoyang Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Taoyang Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101060174","display_name":"Xiaoyun Hao","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoyun Hao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shandong Aerospace Electronic Technology Institute, Yantai 264000, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shandong Aerospace Electronic Technology Institute, Yantai 264000, China","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institution_assertions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5029635562"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210118728","https://openalex.org/I37461747"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598,"provenance":"doaj"},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598,"provenance":"doaj"},"fwci":1.691,"has_fulltext":true,"fulltext_origin":"pdf","cited_by_count":24,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.828105,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":92,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":"23","first_page":"5270","last_page":"5270"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9999,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9999,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12389","display_name":"Infrared Target Detection Methodologies","score":0.9873,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11606","display_name":"Infrastructure Maintenance and Monitoring","score":0.9836,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness","score":0.59759367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolution","display_name":"Convolution (computer science)","score":0.51066333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.4580343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transferability","display_name":"Transferability","score":0.4491666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pyramid","display_name":"Pyramid (geometry)","score":0.4490932}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7709434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.64075375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.59759367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.5519615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5459319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45347329","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5166604","display_name":"Convolution (computer science)","level":3,"score":0.51066333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777210771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4927124","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","level":2,"score":0.5004382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.478412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.4741613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4580343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61272859","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7834031","display_name":"Transferability","level":3,"score":0.4491666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142575187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3358290","display_name":"Pyramid (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.4490932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206588197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846574","display_name":"Reuse","level":2,"score":0.41665852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.37389615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.3280071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.16167024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.12158221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140331021","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1868104","display_name":"Logit","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548081761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180388","display_name":"Waste management","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19235270","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/23/5270/pdf?version=1575039639","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true},{"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc6929064","pdf_url":"https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc6929064?pdf=render","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["European Bioinformatics Institute"],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true},{"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6929064","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["National Institutes of Health"],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true},{"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31795502","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["National Institutes of Health"],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false}],"best_oa_location":{"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19235270","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/23/5270/pdf?version=1575039639","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"grants":[{"funder":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award_id":"91538106"},{"funder":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award_id":"41501503"}],"datasets":[],"versions":[],"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1536680647","https://openalex.org/W2039074021","https://openalex.org/W2048250827","https://openalex.org/W2049677900","https://openalex.org/W2088049833","https://openalex.org/W2097117768","https://openalex.org/W2098676252","https://openalex.org/W2107878631","https://openalex.org/W2112796928","https://openalex.org/W2113860564","https://openalex.org/W2161969291","https://openalex.org/W2166210850","https://openalex.org/W2183182206","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2296151615","https://openalex.org/W2341497066","https://openalex.org/W2407521645","https://openalex.org/W2565639579","https://openalex.org/W2570343428","https://openalex.org/W2577537809","https://openalex.org/W2605995529","https://openalex.org/W2733535455","https://openalex.org/W2738423991","https://openalex.org/W2769756082","https://openalex.org/W2772955562","https://openalex.org/W2781756802","https://openalex.org/W2789609993","https://openalex.org/W2796347433","https://openalex.org/W2884561390","https://openalex.org/W2890319410","https://openalex.org/W2919115771","https://openalex.org/W2921357635","https://openalex.org/W2922015078","https://openalex.org/W2962749812","https://openalex.org/W2962835968","https://openalex.org/W2963037989","https://openalex.org/W2963150697","https://openalex.org/W2963351448","https://openalex.org/W2963446712","https://openalex.org/W2963516811","https://openalex.org/W2964241181","https://openalex.org/W2989676862","https://openalex.org/W3106250896","https://openalex.org/W639708223"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4399895933","https://openalex.org/W4251615416","https://openalex.org/W4234629551","https://openalex.org/W4229699405","https://openalex.org/W2355491300","https://openalex.org/W2216382288","https://openalex.org/W2161221533","https://openalex.org/W2028856635","https://openalex.org/W2011110943","https://openalex.org/W1666484574"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Deep":[0],"learning-based":[1],"aircraft":[2,90],"detection":[3,91],"methods":[4],"have":[5],"been":[6],"increasingly":[7],"implemented":[8],"in":[9,20,72,92,170],"recent":[10],"years.":[11],"However,":[12],"due":[13],"to":[14,38,123],"the":[15,54,105,110,141,163,194,206],"multi-resolution":[16],"imaging":[17],"modes,":[18],"aircrafts":[19,173],"different":[21],"images":[22],"show":[23],"very":[24],"wide":[25],"diversity":[26],"on":[27,197],"size,":[28],"view":[29],"and":[30,107,157,174,183,188,201],"other":[31],"visual":[32],"features,":[33,51,70,130],"which":[34,103],"brings":[35],"great":[36],"challenges":[37],"detection.":[39,74],"Although":[40],"standard":[41],"deep":[42],"convolution":[43,143],"neural":[44,86],"networks":[45],"(DCNN)":[46],"can":[47],"extract":[48],"rich":[49],"semantic":[50],"they":[52],"destroy":[53],"bottom-level":[55,111],"location":[56],"information.":[57],"The":[58],"features":[59,132],"of":[60,109,133,140,145,181,186,199,209],"small":[61,134,172],"targets":[62],"may":[63],"also":[64,204],"be":[65],"submerged":[66],"by":[67,137],"redundant":[68],"top-level":[69],"resulting":[71],"poor":[73],"To":[75],"address":[76],"these":[77],"problems,":[78],"we":[79,115,149],"proposed":[80],"a":[81,125,167,179],"compact":[82,153,164],"multi-scale":[83,129],"dense":[84,147],"convolutional":[85],"network":[87,119],"(MS-DenseNet)":[88],"for":[89,100,127],"remote":[93],"sensing":[94],"images.":[95],"Herein,":[96],"DenseNet":[97,122],"was":[98],"utilized":[99],"feature":[101,117],"extraction,":[102],"enhances":[104],"propagation":[106],"reuse":[108],"high-resolution":[112],"features.":[113],"Subsequently,":[114],"combined":[116],"pyramid":[118],"(FPN)":[120],"with":[121,178],"form":[124],"MS-DenseNet":[126],"learning":[128],"especially":[131],"objects.":[135],"Finally,":[136],"compressing":[138],"some":[139],"unnecessary":[142],"layers":[144],"each":[146],"block,":[148],"designed":[150],"three":[151],"new":[152],"architectures:":[154],"MS-DenseNet-41,":[155],"MS-DenseNet-65,":[156],"MS-DenseNet-77.":[158],"Comparative":[159],"experiments":[160],"showed":[161],"that":[162],"MS-DenseNet-65":[165],"obtained":[166],"noticeable":[168],"improvement":[169],"detecting":[171],"achieved":[175],"state-of-the-art":[176],"performance":[177],"recall":[180],"94%":[182],"an":[184],"F1-score":[185],"92.7%":[187],"cost":[189],"less":[190],"computational":[191],"time.":[192],"Furthermore,":[193],"experimental":[195],"results":[196],"robustness":[198],"UCAS-AOD":[200],"RSOD":[202],"datasets":[203],"indicate":[205],"good":[207],"transferability":[208],"our":[210],"method.":[211]},"cited_by_api_url":"https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2990704421","counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2024-12-08T16:15:08.131236","created_date":"2019-12-05"}