{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2918704254","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19051170","title":"Gravity-Based Methods for Heading Computation in Pedestrian Dead Reckoning","display_name":"Gravity-Based Methods for Heading Computation in Pedestrian Dead Reckoning","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-03-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2918704254","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19051170","mag":"2918704254","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30866554","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6427504"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19051170","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/5/1170/pdf?version=1551961455","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_indexed_in_scopus":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true},"type":"article","type_crossref":"journal-article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/5/1170/pdf?version=1551961455","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029595294","display_name":"Adi Manos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6079-3442"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I174306211","display_name":"Technion \u2013 Israel Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03qryx823","country_code":"IL","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I174306211"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Adi Manos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174306211"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012718881","display_name":"Itzik Klein","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7846-0654"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I174306211","display_name":"Technion \u2013 Israel Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03qryx823","country_code":"IL","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I174306211"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Itzik Klein","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174306211"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000106487","display_name":"Tamir Hazan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1652-3845"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I174306211","display_name":"Technion \u2013 Israel Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03qryx823","country_code":"IL","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I174306211"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tamir Hazan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174306211"]}]}],"institution_assertions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5029595294"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174306211"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":2.646,"has_fulltext":true,"fulltext_origin":"pdf","cited_by_count":36,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.999986,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":"5","first_page":"1170","last_page":"1170"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9987,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9987,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10444","display_name":"Context-Aware Activity Recognition Systems","score":0.9954,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10191","display_name":"Robotics and Sensor-Based Localization","score":0.9871,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dead-reckoning","display_name":"Dead reckoning","score":0.795889}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776937971","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4384217","display_name":"Heading (navigation)","level":2,"score":0.8434187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106165642","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q152255","display_name":"Dead reckoning","level":3,"score":0.795889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777113093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221488","display_name":"Pedestrian","level":2,"score":0.75234485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.6893136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.46502042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.44798994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.39285102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.35807726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.31566963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.24594817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60229501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18822","display_name":"Global Positioning System","level":2,"score":0.1734209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.1521413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22212356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775325","display_name":"Transport engineering","level":1,"score":0.11692256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.114551604}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19051170","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/5/1170/pdf?version=1551961455","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_indexed_in_scopus":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true},{"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/827ae75e5bf240d593c78dab83598dcf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_indexed_in_scopus":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false},{"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc6427504","pdf_url":"https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc6427504?pdf=render","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_indexed_in_scopus":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["European Bioinformatics Institute"],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true},{"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6427504","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_indexed_in_scopus":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["National Institutes of Health"],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true},{"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30866554","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_indexed_in_scopus":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["National Institutes of Health"],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false}],"best_oa_location":{"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19051170","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/5/1170/pdf?version=1551961455","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_indexed_in_scopus":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"grants":[],"datasets":[],"versions":[],"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1565383065","https://openalex.org/W1956618308","https://openalex.org/W2008891225","https://openalex.org/W2011224697","https://openalex.org/W2044831755","https://openalex.org/W2127881377","https://openalex.org/W2140269300","https://openalex.org/W2544649410","https://openalex.org/W2552524645","https://openalex.org/W2793892555","https://openalex.org/W2889409040","https://openalex.org/W2900880224","https://openalex.org/W636927631"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4387486853","https://openalex.org/W4285223350","https://openalex.org/W4252778923","https://openalex.org/W4244052565","https://openalex.org/W3017998757","https://openalex.org/W2918704254","https://openalex.org/W2800933538","https://openalex.org/W2769521921","https://openalex.org/W2385042721","https://openalex.org/W2358719579"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"One":[0],"of":[1,32,82,117,135],"the":[2,33,50,59,69,75,79,99,106,109,122,128,131,138],"common":[3],"ways":[4],"for":[5,93,104,120,145,149],"solving":[6,105],"indoor":[7],"navigation":[8],"is":[9,36,45],"known":[10],"as":[11],"Pedestrian":[12],"Dead":[13],"Reckoning":[14],"(PDR),":[15],"which":[16,136],"employs":[17],"inertial":[18],"and":[19,97,148,154],"magnetic":[20,132],"sensors":[21],"typically":[22],"embedded":[23],"in":[24,40,49,64,78,108],"a":[25,29,37,46,65,91],"smartphone":[26],"carried":[27],"by":[28],"user.":[30],"Estimation":[31],"pedestrian\u2019s":[34],"heading":[35,107,123,150],"crucial":[38],"step":[39],"PDR":[41],"algorithms,":[42],"since":[43],"it":[44,102],"dominant":[47],"factor":[48],"positioning":[51],"accuracy.":[52],"In":[53],"this":[54],"paper,":[55],"rather":[56],"than":[57],"assuming":[58],"device":[60],"to":[61],"be":[62],"fixed":[63],"certain":[66],"orientation":[67],"on":[68,73,126],"pedestrian,":[70],"we":[71,89,113],"focus":[72],"estimating":[74],"vertical":[76,140],"direction":[77,95,147],"sensor":[80],"frame":[81],"an":[83],"unconstrained":[84],"smartphone.":[85],"To":[86],"that":[87],"end,":[88],"establish":[90],"framework":[92],"gravity":[94,146],"estimation":[96],"highlight":[98],"important":[100],"role":[101],"has":[103],"horizontal":[110],"plane.":[111],"Furthermore,":[112],"provide":[114],"detailed":[115],"derivation":[116],"several":[118],"approaches":[119],"calculating":[121],"angle,":[124],"based":[125],"either":[127],"gyroscope":[129],"or":[130],"sensor,":[133],"all":[134],"employ":[137],"estimated":[139],"direction.":[141],"These":[142],"various":[143],"methods\u2014both":[144],"estimation\u2014are":[151],"demonstrated,":[152],"analyzed":[153],"compared":[155],"using":[156],"data":[157],"recorded":[158],"from":[159],"field":[160],"experiments":[161],"with":[162],"commercial":[163],"smartphones.":[164]},"abstract_inverted_index_v3":null,"cited_by_api_url":"https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2918704254","counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-02-24T17:22:43.773162","created_date":"2019-03-11"}