{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2908572382","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19020229","title":"Breaking Vendors and City Locks through a Semantic-enabled Global Interoperable Internet-of-Things System: A Smart Parking Case","display_name":"Breaking Vendors and City Locks through a Semantic-enabled Global Interoperable Internet-of-Things System: A Smart Parking Case","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-01-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2908572382","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19020229","mag":"2908572382","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30634490","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6359184"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19020229","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/2/229/pdf?version=1547030655","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true},"type":"article","type_crossref":"journal-article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/2/229/pdf?version=1547030655","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001191658","display_name":"Pablo Sotres","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2881-3594"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I13134134","display_name":"Universidad de Cantabria","ror":"https://ror.org/046ffzj20","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I13134134"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pablo Sotres","raw_affiliation_strings":["Network Planning and Mobile Communications Lab, Universidad de Cantabria, Edificio de Ingenier\u00eda de Telecomunicaciones, Plaza de la Ciencia s/n, 39005 Santander, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Network Planning and Mobile Communications Lab, Universidad de Cantabria, Edificio de Ingenier\u00eda de Telecomunicaciones, Plaza de la Ciencia s/n, 39005 Santander, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13134134"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019919069","display_name":"Jorge Lanza","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9586-1334"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I13134134","display_name":"Universidad de Cantabria","ror":"https://ror.org/046ffzj20","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I13134134"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jorge Lanza","raw_affiliation_strings":["Network Planning and Mobile Communications Lab, Universidad de Cantabria, Edificio de Ingenier\u00eda de Telecomunicaciones, Plaza de la Ciencia s/n, 39005 Santander, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Network Planning and Mobile Communications Lab, Universidad de Cantabria, Edificio de Ingenier\u00eda de Telecomunicaciones, Plaza de la Ciencia s/n, 39005 Santander, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13134134"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046160910","display_name":"Lu\u0131\u0301s S\u00e1nchez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0136-3420"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I13134134","display_name":"Universidad de Cantabria","ror":"https://ror.org/046ffzj20","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I13134134"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Luis S\u00e1nchez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Network Planning and Mobile Communications Lab, Universidad de Cantabria, Edificio de Ingenier\u00eda de Telecomunicaciones, Plaza de la Ciencia s/n, 39005 Santander, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Network Planning and Mobile Communications Lab, Universidad de Cantabria, Edificio de Ingenier\u00eda de Telecomunicaciones, Plaza de la Ciencia s/n, 39005 Santander, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13134134"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091126183","display_name":"Juan Ram\u00f3n Santana","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1374-2153"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I13134134","display_name":"Universidad de Cantabria","ror":"https://ror.org/046ffzj20","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I13134134"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Juan Ram\u00f3n Santana","raw_affiliation_strings":["Network Planning and Mobile Communications Lab, Universidad de Cantabria, Edificio de Ingenier\u00eda de Telecomunicaciones, Plaza de la Ciencia s/n, 39005 Santander, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Network Planning and Mobile Communications Lab, Universidad de Cantabria, Edificio de Ingenier\u00eda de Telecomunicaciones, Plaza de la Ciencia s/n, 39005 Santander, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13134134"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103832423","display_name":"Carmen L\u00f3pez","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I13134134","display_name":"Universidad de Cantabria","ror":"https://ror.org/046ffzj20","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I13134134"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Carmen L\u00f3pez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Network Planning and Mobile Communications Lab, Universidad de Cantabria, Edificio de Ingenier\u00eda de Telecomunicaciones, Plaza de la Ciencia s/n, 39005 Santander, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Network Planning and Mobile Communications Lab, Universidad de Cantabria, Edificio de Ingenier\u00eda de Telecomunicaciones, Plaza de la Ciencia s/n, 39005 Santander, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13134134"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002249811","display_name":"Lu\u0131\u0301s Mu\u00f1oz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7704-1199"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I13134134","display_name":"Universidad de Cantabria","ror":"https://ror.org/046ffzj20","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I13134134"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luis Mu\u00f1oz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Network Planning and Mobile Communications Lab, Universidad de Cantabria, Edificio de Ingenier\u00eda de Telecomunicaciones, Plaza de la Ciencia s/n, 39005 Santander, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Network Planning and Mobile Communications Lab, Universidad de Cantabria, Edificio de Ingenier\u00eda de Telecomunicaciones, Plaza de la Ciencia s/n, 39005 Santander, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13134134"]}]}],"institution_assertions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5046160910"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13134134"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598,"provenance":"doaj"},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598,"provenance":"doaj"},"fwci":4.196,"has_fulltext":true,"fulltext_origin":"pdf","cited_by_count":43,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.999951,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":"2","first_page":"229","last_page":"229"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12546","display_name":"Smart Parking Systems Research","score":0.9963,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12079","display_name":"IoT Networks and Protocols","score":0.9949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smart-city","display_name":"Smart City","score":0.5117254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fragmentation","display_name":"Fragmentation","score":0.42898056}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20136886","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q749647","display_name":"Interoperability","level":2,"score":0.9120505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81860439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q251212","display_name":"Internet of Things","level":2,"score":0.71090436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192800085","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5258530","display_name":"Semantic interoperability","level":3,"score":0.6069556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.55738634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.52249056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777103469","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1231558","display_name":"Smart city","level":3,"score":0.5117254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47796450","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q508378","display_name":"Intelligent transportation system","level":2,"score":0.4532888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191015642","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1132459","display_name":"Fragmentation (computing)","level":2,"score":0.42898056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.41893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780378061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351891","display_name":"Service (business)","level":2,"score":0.41721004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.36040068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22212356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775325","display_name":"Transport engineering","level":1,"score":0.2501666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.20488247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.16831195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19020229","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/2/229/pdf?version=1547030655","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true},{"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/8f72890c1b534d28bed01b59548896a8","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false},{"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc6359184","pdf_url":"https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc6359184?pdf=render","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["European Bioinformatics Institute"],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true},{"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10902/15598","pdf_url":"https://repositorio.unican.es/xmlui/bitstream/10902/15598/3/BreakingVendorsCityLocks.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400398","display_name":"UCrea (University of Cantabria)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I13134134","host_organization_name":"Universidad de Cantabria","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I13134134"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Universidad de Cantabria"],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true},{"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6359184","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["National Institutes of Health"],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true},{"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30634490","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["National Institutes of Health"],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false}],"best_oa_location":{"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s19020229","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/2/229/pdf?version=1547030655","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.49,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"grants":[{"funder":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission","award_id":"723156"},{"funder":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission","award_id":"688038"},{"funder":"https://openalex.org/F4320321837","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Econom\u00eda y Competitividad","award_id":"TEC2015-71329-C2-1-R"}],"datasets":[],"versions":[],"referenced_works_count":41,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1591370845","https://openalex.org/W1943579973","https://openalex.org/W2009634257","https://openalex.org/W2032749309","https://openalex.org/W2034055240","https://openalex.org/W2036115958","https://openalex.org/W2039049774","https://openalex.org/W2042558618","https://openalex.org/W2068639971","https://openalex.org/W2075053596","https://openalex.org/W2085345226","https://openalex.org/W2118167481","https://openalex.org/W2122321967","https://openalex.org/W2129368140","https://openalex.org/W2134295053","https://openalex.org/W2146275810","https://openalex.org/W2186339937","https://openalex.org/W2370003958","https://openalex.org/W2509643850","https://openalex.org/W2529556398","https://openalex.org/W2534709300","https://openalex.org/W2551303665","https://openalex.org/W2552174455","https://openalex.org/W2556183914","https://openalex.org/W2574902525","https://openalex.org/W2586401762","https://openalex.org/W2604800328","https://openalex.org/W2611425173","https://openalex.org/W2648865853","https://openalex.org/W2724395850","https://openalex.org/W2752575750","https://openalex.org/W2754433121","https://openalex.org/W2765554376","https://openalex.org/W2771783069","https://openalex.org/W2782553267","https://openalex.org/W2790112892","https://openalex.org/W2797774093","https://openalex.org/W2886427974","https://openalex.org/W2901819390","https://openalex.org/W2913415617","https://openalex.org/W3157067188"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4386953431","https://openalex.org/W4292980915","https://openalex.org/W3209454962","https://openalex.org/W2908350895","https://openalex.org/W2885367039","https://openalex.org/W2531681040","https://openalex.org/W2388051831","https://openalex.org/W2355850745","https://openalex.org/W2157800466","https://openalex.org/W2109385585"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,136,178],"Internet":[1],"of":[2,10,18,50,61,64,90,186],"Things":[3],"(IoT)":[4],"is":[5,27,45,180],"unanimously":[6],"identified":[7],"as":[8,53],"one":[9],"the":[11,16,23,48,51,62,85,155,172,183,187,190,193],"main":[12],"technology":[13],"enablers":[14],"for":[15,147],"development":[17],"future":[19],"intelligent":[20],"environments.":[21],"However,":[22],"current":[24],"IoT":[25,87,110,124,174,197],"landscape":[26],"suffering":[28],"from":[29,145],"large":[30],"fragmentation":[31],"with":[32,38],"many":[33],"platforms":[34],"and":[35,99,151,159,163,166],"vendors":[36],"competing":[37],"their":[39],"own":[40],"solution.":[41],"This":[42,105],"fragmented":[43],"scenario":[44],"now":[46],"jeopardizing":[47],"uptake":[49],"IoT,":[52],"investments":[54],"are":[55,76,176],"not":[56],"carried":[57],"out":[58],"partly":[59],"because":[60],"fear":[63],"being":[65,77],"captured":[66],"in":[67,80,101,161,168],"lock-in":[68],"situations.":[69],"To":[70],"overcome":[71],"these":[72],"fears,":[73],"interoperability":[74,118,191],"solutions":[75],"put":[78],"forward":[79],"order":[81],"to":[82,129],"guarantee":[83],"that":[84,138],"deployed":[86],"infrastructure,":[88],"independently":[89],"its":[91],"manufacturer":[92],"and/or":[93],"platform,":[94],"can":[95,126],"exchange":[96],"information,":[97],"data":[98,144],"knowledge":[100],"a":[102,108,131],"meaningful":[103],"way.":[104],"paper":[106,179],"presents":[107],"Global":[109],"Services":[111],"(GIoTS)":[112],"use":[113],"case":[114],"demonstrating":[115],"how":[116],"semantic":[117],"among":[119,192],"five":[120,156],"different":[121],"smart":[122,132],"city":[123],"deployments":[125,175],"be":[127],"leveraged":[128],"develop":[130],"urban":[133],"mobility":[134,152],"service.":[135],"application":[137],"has":[139],"been":[140],"developed":[141],"seamlessly":[142],"consumes":[143],"them":[146],"providing":[148],"parking":[149],"guidance":[150],"suggestions":[153],"at":[154],"locations":[157],"(Santander":[158],"Barcelona":[160],"Spain":[162],"Busan,":[164],"Seoul":[165],"Seongnam":[167],"South":[169],"Korea)":[170],"where":[171],"abovementioned":[173],"installed.":[177],"also":[181],"presenting":[182],"key":[184],"aspects":[185],"system":[188],"enabling":[189],"three":[194],"underlying":[195],"heterogeneous":[196],"platforms.":[198]},"cited_by_api_url":"https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2908572382","counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2025-01-07T22:04:25.950397","created_date":"2019-01-25"}