{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2796232630","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s18041125","title":"Mobile User Connectivity in Relay-Assisted Visible Light Communications","display_name":"Mobile User Connectivity in Relay-Assisted Visible Light Communications","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-04-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2796232630","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s18041125","mag":"2796232630","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29642432","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/5948864"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s18041125","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/18/4/1125/pdf?version=1525347463","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true},"type":"article","type_crossref":"journal-article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/18/4/1125/pdf?version=1525347463","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067232937","display_name":"Petr Pe\u0161ek","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6870-2445"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44504214","display_name":"Czech Technical University in Prague","ror":"https://ror.org/03kqpb082","country_code":"CZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44504214"]}],"countries":["CZ"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Petr Pe\u0161ek","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electromagnetic Field, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, 2 Technicka, 16627 Prague, Czech Republic"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electromagnetic Field, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, 2 Technicka, 16627 Prague, Czech Republic","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44504214"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078401803","display_name":"Stanislav Zv\u00e1novec","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7902-2143"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44504214","display_name":"Czech Technical University in Prague","ror":"https://ror.org/03kqpb082","country_code":"CZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44504214"]}],"countries":["CZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stanislav Zvanovec","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electromagnetic Field, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, 2 Technicka, 16627 Prague, Czech Republic"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electromagnetic Field, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, 2 Technicka, 16627 Prague, Czech Republic","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44504214"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071530665","display_name":"Petr Chvojka","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4582-739X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44504214","display_name":"Czech Technical University in Prague","ror":"https://ror.org/03kqpb082","country_code":"CZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44504214"]}],"countries":["CZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Petr Chvojka","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electromagnetic Field, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, 2 Technicka, 16627 Prague, Czech Republic"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electromagnetic Field, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, 2 Technicka, 16627 Prague, Czech Republic","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44504214"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035838103","display_name":"Manav R. Bhatnagar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0612-594X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I68891433","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Delhi","ror":"https://ror.org/049tgcd06","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I68891433"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Manav Bhatnagar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, IN-110016 New Delhi, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, IN-110016 New Delhi, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I68891433"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009712820","display_name":"Zabih Ghassemlooy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5780-9703"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32394136","display_name":"Northumbria University","ror":"https://ror.org/049e6bc10","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32394136"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zabih Ghassemlooy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Optical Communications Research Group, NCRLab, Faculty of Engineering and Environment, Northumbria University, NE1 8ST Newcastle upon Tyne, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Optical Communications Research Group, NCRLab, Faculty of Engineering and Environment, Northumbria University, NE1 8ST Newcastle upon Tyne, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32394136"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035656891","display_name":"Prakriti Saxena","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1780-0050"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I68891433","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Delhi","ror":"https://ror.org/049tgcd06","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I68891433"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Prakriti Saxena","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, IN-110016 New Delhi, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, IN-110016 New Delhi, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I68891433"]}]}],"institution_assertions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5067232937"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44504214"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598,"provenance":"doaj"},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598,"provenance":"doaj"},"fwci":1.738,"has_fulltext":true,"fulltext_origin":"pdf","cited_by_count":26,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.859844,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":92,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"4","first_page":"1125","last_page":"1125"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9583,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12042","display_name":"Satellite Communication Systems","score":0.9574,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778156585","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174053","display_name":"Relay","level":3,"score":0.76447564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160487672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1426313","display_name":"Visible light communication","level":3,"score":0.6091968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.54650605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.49342075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.4608462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.23024637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.22029641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.1342938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176666156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25504","display_name":"Light-emitting diode","level":2,"score":0.11150122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s18041125","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/18/4/1125/pdf?version=1525347463","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true},{"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/2c364b4f5426452fbbcf6d551451064c","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false},{"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc5948864","pdf_url":"https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc5948864?pdf=render","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["European Bioinformatics Institute"],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true},{"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5948864","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["National Institutes of Health"],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true},{"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/id/eprint/34283/1/sensors-18-01125.pdf","pdf_url":"http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/id/eprint/34283/1/sensors-18-01125.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401885","display_name":"Northumbria Research Link (Northumbria University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I32394136","host_organization_name":"Northumbria University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32394136"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Northumbria University"],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false},{"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29642432","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["National Institutes of Health"],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false}],"best_oa_location":{"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s18041125","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/18/4/1125/pdf?version=1525347463","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"grants":[],"datasets":[],"versions":[],"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1482761858","https://openalex.org/W1568838381","https://openalex.org/W1791210609","https://openalex.org/W1827547183","https://openalex.org/W1860498259","https://openalex.org/W1958565652","https://openalex.org/W1973697303","https://openalex.org/W1993046159","https://openalex.org/W1994709940","https://openalex.org/W2044332976","https://openalex.org/W2044546266","https://openalex.org/W2056661470","https://openalex.org/W2064419478","https://openalex.org/W2065009488","https://openalex.org/W2071106780","https://openalex.org/W2073681605","https://openalex.org/W2078010730","https://openalex.org/W2084711475","https://openalex.org/W2111064254","https://openalex.org/W2111854329","https://openalex.org/W2144644352","https://openalex.org/W2151548915","https://openalex.org/W2151764418","https://openalex.org/W2158070057","https://openalex.org/W2195032891","https://openalex.org/W2217170413","https://openalex.org/W2288265507","https://openalex.org/W2522572173","https://openalex.org/W2570074190","https://openalex.org/W3007857071","https://openalex.org/W3101031378","https://openalex.org/W4242036132","https://openalex.org/W4246623137"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W3109516991","https://openalex.org/W2997630107","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2779101090","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2501797479","https://openalex.org/W2395898055","https://openalex.org/W2291056487","https://openalex.org/W1544202060"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,137],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"we":[3,139],"investigate":[4,97],"relay-assisted":[5],"visible":[6],"light":[7],"communications":[8],"(VLC)":[9],"where":[10],"a":[11,16,22,59,63,72,85,89,118,124,150,158,163,177],"mobile":[12,27,55,74,86,114],"user":[13,56],"acts":[14],"as":[15,58],"relay":[17,60,115],"and":[18,37,69,88,109,132,142,145,162],"forwards":[19],"data":[20,164],"from":[21],"transmitter":[23],"to":[24,186],"the":[25,31,34,45,51,54,67,100,107,113,154,183],"end":[26],"user.":[28],"We":[29,95,122],"analyse":[30],"utilization":[32],"of":[33,44,50,53,66,84,99,112,128,166,182,189],"amplify-and-forward":[35],"(AF)":[36],"decode-and-forward":[38],"(DF)":[39],"relaying":[40],"schemes.":[41],"The":[42],"focus":[43],"paper":[46],"is":[47],"on":[48,71,81,106],"analysis":[49],"behavior":[52],"acting":[57],"while":[61],"considering":[62],"realistic":[64],"locations":[65],"receivers":[68],"transmitters":[70],"standard":[73],"phone,":[75],"more":[76],"specifically":[77],"with":[78,157],"two":[79],"photodetectors":[80],"both":[82],"sides":[83],"phone":[87],"transmitting":[90],"LED":[91],"array":[92],"located":[93],"upright.":[94],"also":[96,171],"dependency":[98],"bit":[101],"error":[102],"rate":[103,165],"(BER)":[104],"performance":[105],"azimuth":[108],"elevation":[110],"angles":[111],"device":[116],"within":[117],"typical":[119],"office":[120],"environment.":[121],"provide":[123],"new":[125],"analytical":[126],"description":[127],"BER":[129,159],"for":[130],"AF":[131,141],"DF-based":[133,143],"relays":[134],"in":[135,153,180],"VLC.":[136],"addition":[138],"compare":[140],"systems":[144,175],"show":[146],"that":[147,173],"DF":[148],"offers":[149],"marginal":[151],"improvement":[152,179],"coverage":[155,184],"area":[156],"<":[160],"10-3":[161],"100":[167],"Mb/s.":[168],"Numerical":[169],"results":[170],"illustrate":[172],"relay-based":[174],"offer":[176],"significant":[178],"terms":[181],"compared":[185],"direct":[187],"non-line":[188],"sight":[190],"VLC":[191],"links.":[192]},"cited_by_api_url":"https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2796232630","counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-01-15T22:15:11.091481","created_date":"2018-04-13"}