{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2789921040","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10020169","title":"The Impacts of the Ionospheric Observable and Mathematical Model on the Global Ionosphere Model","display_name":"The Impacts of the Ionospheric Observable and Mathematical Model on the Global Ionosphere Model","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-01-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2789921040","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10020169","mag":"2789921040"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10020169","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/10/2/169/pdf?version=1516883169","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true},"type":"article","type_crossref":"journal-article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/10/2/169/pdf?version=1516883169","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039647917","display_name":"Wenfeng Nie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5505-2903"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154099455","display_name":"Shandong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0207yh398","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210149087","display_name":"Xi'an Railway Survey and Design Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/04emf4852","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210149087"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["CN","HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenfeng Nie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Land Surveying and Geo-Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, China","Institute of Space Sciences, Shandong University, 180 Wenhuaxi Road, Weihai 264209, China","State Key Laboratory of Geo-Information Engineering, Xi'an Research Institute of Surveying and Mapping, Xi'an 710054, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Space Sciences, Shandong University, 180 Wenhuaxi Road, Weihai 264209, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Geo-Information Engineering, Xi'an Research Institute of Surveying and Mapping, Xi'an 710054, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210149087"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Land Surveying and Geo-Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082201226","display_name":"Tianhe Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5818-6264"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154099455","display_name":"Shandong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0207yh398","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210149087","display_name":"Xi'an Railway Survey and Design Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/04emf4852","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210149087"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tianhe Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Space Sciences, Shandong University, 180 Wenhuaxi Road, Weihai 264209, China","State Key Laboratory of Geo-Information Engineering, Xi'an Research Institute of Surveying and Mapping, Xi'an 710054, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Space Sciences, Shandong University, 180 Wenhuaxi Road, Weihai 264209, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Geo-Information Engineering, Xi'an Research Institute of Surveying and Mapping, Xi'an 710054, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210149087"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068115263","display_name":"Adri\u00e0 Rovira-Garc\u00eda","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7320-5029"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9617848","display_name":"Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya","ror":"https://ror.org/03mb6wj31","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9617848"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adri\u00e0 Rovira-Garcia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Group of Astronomy and Geomatics (gAGE), Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya (UPC), Barcelona 08034, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Group of Astronomy and Geomatics (gAGE), Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya (UPC), Barcelona 08034, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9617848"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046829362","display_name":"Jos\u00e9 Miguel Juan Zornoza","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1126-2367"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9617848","display_name":"Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya","ror":"https://ror.org/03mb6wj31","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9617848"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jos\u00e9 Zornoza","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Group of Astronomy and Geomatics (gAGE), Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya (UPC), Barcelona 08034, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Group of Astronomy and Geomatics (gAGE), Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya (UPC), Barcelona 08034, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9617848"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024464521","display_name":"Jaume Sanz Subirana","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8880-7084"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9617848","display_name":"Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya","ror":"https://ror.org/03mb6wj31","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9617848"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jaume Subirana","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Group of Astronomy and Geomatics (gAGE), Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya (UPC), Barcelona 08034, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Group of Astronomy and Geomatics (gAGE), Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya (UPC), Barcelona 08034, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9617848"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068922763","display_name":"Guillermo Gonz\u00e1lez\u2010Casado","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6765-2407"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9617848","display_name":"Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya","ror":"https://ror.org/03mb6wj31","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9617848"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guillermo Gonz\u00e1lez-Casado","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Group of Astronomy and Geomatics (gAGE), Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya (UPC), Barcelona 08034, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Group of Astronomy and Geomatics (gAGE), Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya (UPC), Barcelona 08034, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9617848"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100329153","display_name":"Wu Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1787-5191"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wu Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Land Surveying and Geo-Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Land Surveying and Geo-Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041161917","display_name":"Guochang Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1509-4666"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154099455","display_name":"Shandong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0207yh398","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guochang Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Space Sciences, Shandong University, 180 Wenhuaxi Road, Weihai 264209, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Space Sciences, Shandong University, 180 Wenhuaxi Road, Weihai 264209, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}]}],"institution_assertions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5082201226"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455","https://openalex.org/I4210149087"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707,"provenance":"doaj"},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707,"provenance":"doaj"},"fwci":1.193,"has_fulltext":true,"fulltext_origin":"ngrams","cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.793895,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":83,"max":84},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"2","first_page":"169","last_page":"169"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10655","display_name":"GNSS positioning and interference","score":0.9999,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10655","display_name":"GNSS positioning and interference","score":0.9999,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10159","display_name":"Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics","score":0.9999,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11405","display_name":"Geophysics and Gravity Measurements","score":0.9977,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precise-point-positioning","display_name":"Precise Point Positioning","score":0.65229464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ambiguity-resolution","display_name":"Ambiguity Resolution","score":0.5562054}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32848918","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q845789","display_name":"Observable","level":2,"score":0.75687057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116403925","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162219","display_name":"Ionosphere","level":2,"score":0.7205056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202511199","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7239503","display_name":"Precise Point Positioning","level":4,"score":0.65229464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777559092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4741445","display_name":"Ambiguity resolution","level":4,"score":0.5562054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60229501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18822","display_name":"Global Positioning System","level":2,"score":0.55610955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14279187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5514012","display_name":"GNSS applications","level":3,"score":0.54141974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778027091","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25346003","display_name":"Satellite system","level":4,"score":0.4990468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.47368243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.42713255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165391973","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844304","display_name":"Total electron content","level":4,"score":0.42514414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44280652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104837","display_name":"Phase (matter)","level":2,"score":0.41550347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.38080484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.23416936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176379880","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18031939","display_name":"TEC","level":3,"score":0.17426383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.16998541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.14754343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8058405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46255","display_name":"Geophysics","level":1,"score":0.12746933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10020169","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/10/2/169/pdf?version=1516883169","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true},{"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/e18d67ddc9fb47d780d899a71f26ea22","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false},{"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2117/116219","pdf_url":"https://upcommons.upc.edu/bitstream/2117/116219/1/remotesensing-10-00169.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196262","display_name":"UPCommons institutional repository (Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I9617848","host_organization_name":"Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9617848"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya"],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true}],"best_oa_location":{"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10020169","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/10/2/169/pdf?version=1516883169","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"grants":[{"funder":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award_id":"41574013"},{"funder":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award_id":"41574025"},{"funder":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award_id":"41731069"},{"funder":"https://openalex.org/F4320326985","funder_display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Geo-Information Engineering","award_id":"SKLGIE2015-M-2-2"},{"funder":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","award_id":"2016YFB0501902"}],"datasets":[],"versions":[],"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1583099722","https://openalex.org/W1614001277","https://openalex.org/W1663452842","https://openalex.org/W1813366400","https://openalex.org/W1976940728","https://openalex.org/W1987326676","https://openalex.org/W2003342124","https://openalex.org/W2004550622","https://openalex.org/W2029557308","https://openalex.org/W2044593065","https://openalex.org/W2060313674","https://openalex.org/W2060803307","https://openalex.org/W2062443522","https://openalex.org/W2064970428","https://openalex.org/W2068904072","https://openalex.org/W2071908500","https://openalex.org/W2075599103","https://openalex.org/W2085101070","https://openalex.org/W2099263193","https://openalex.org/W2117514435","https://openalex.org/W2140050818","https://openalex.org/W2153105094","https://openalex.org/W2156369569","https://openalex.org/W2188092561","https://openalex.org/W2218878388","https://openalex.org/W2273192325","https://openalex.org/W2463081686","https://openalex.org/W2519861347","https://openalex.org/W2528877356","https://openalex.org/W254665791","https://openalex.org/W2547081939","https://openalex.org/W2560341085","https://openalex.org/W2563598428","https://openalex.org/W2563708658","https://openalex.org/W2601746821","https://openalex.org/W2602717294","https://openalex.org/W2605613137","https://openalex.org/W2621917203","https://openalex.org/W2769355536","https://openalex.org/W2990229927","https://openalex.org/W3003255327","https://openalex.org/W3196778773","https://openalex.org/W3197322771","https://openalex.org/W4230461980","https://openalex.org/W803491613"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4375815606","https://openalex.org/W4306291904","https://openalex.org/W4229451083","https://openalex.org/W4220815317","https://openalex.org/W3163354205","https://openalex.org/W3084744931","https://openalex.org/W3036334520","https://openalex.org/W2968867052","https://openalex.org/W2902549258","https://openalex.org/W2797713408"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"high-accuracy":[1],"Global":[2,15,110],"Ionosphere":[3],"Model":[4],"(GIM)":[5],"is":[6,32,54,123,174,195],"significant":[7],"for":[8],"precise":[9,29],"positioning":[10,193,212],"and":[11,40,103,178,184],"navigating":[12],"with":[13,66,230],"the":[14,37,48,73,77,109,118,132,145,148,158,168,171,190,199,204,210,222,233],"Navigation":[16],"Satellite":[17],"System":[18],"(GNSS),":[19],"as":[20,22],"well":[21],"space":[23],"weather":[24],"applications.":[25],"To":[26],"obtain":[27],"a":[28,58,67,150],"GIM,":[30,228],"it":[31],"critical":[33],"to":[34,85,105,138,142,197],"take":[35],"both":[36],"ionospheric":[38,52,80,121,225,236],"observable":[39,53,122],"mathematical":[41],"model":[42,144],"into":[43],"consideration.":[44],"In":[45],"this":[46],"contribution,":[47],"undifferenced":[49,223],"ambiguity-fixed":[50,78,119,224],"carrier-phase":[51,79,120,133,160,234],"first":[55],"determined":[56],"from":[57,83],"global":[59,163],"distribution":[60],"of":[61,127,147,170,203],"permanent":[62],"receivers.":[63],"Accuracy":[64],"assessment":[65],"co-located":[68],"station":[69],"experiment":[70,194],"shows":[71],"that":[72,117,167,209,231],"observational":[74],"errors":[75],"affecting":[76],"observables":[81],"range":[82],"0.10":[84],"0.35":[86],"Total":[87],"Electron":[88],"Content":[89],"Units":[90],"(TECUs,":[91],"where":[92],"1":[93,176],"TECU":[94,177],"=":[95],"10":[96],"16":[97],"e":[98],"\u2212":[99],"/":[100],"m":[101,107],"2":[102,180],"corresponds":[104],"0.162":[106],"on":[108,157],"Positioning":[111,206],"System,":[112],"GPS":[113],"L1":[114],"frequency),":[115],"indicating":[116],"over":[124],"one":[125,135],"order":[126],"magnitude":[128],"more":[129,218],"accurate":[130],"than":[131,219],"leveled-code":[134,235],"(from":[136],"1.21":[137],"3.77":[139],"TECUs).":[140],"Second,":[141],"better":[143],"structure":[146],"ionosphere,":[149],"two-layer":[151,172,227],"GIM":[152,173],"has":[153],"been":[154],"built":[155],"based":[156],"above":[159],"observable.":[161],"Preliminary":[162],"accuracy":[164,169,213],"evaluation":[165],"demonstrates":[166],"below":[175],"about":[179],"TECUs":[181],"during":[182],"low":[183],"high":[185],"solar":[186],"activity":[187],"periods.":[188],"Third,":[189],"single-frequency":[191,211],"point":[192],"adopted":[196],"test":[198],"ionosphere":[200],"mitigation":[201],"effects":[202],"GIMs.":[205],"results":[207],"demonstrate":[208],"can":[214],"be":[215],"improved":[216],"by":[217],"30%":[220],"using":[221,232],"observable-derived":[226],"compared":[229],"observable-based":[237],"single-layer":[238],"GIM.":[239]},"cited_by_api_url":"https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2789921040","counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2024-12-08T16:04:43.733080","created_date":"2018-03-29"}