{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4391013189","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/ofc49934.2023.10116725","title":"Knowledge Distillation Applied to Optical Channel Equalization: Solving the Parallelization Problem of Recurrent Connection","display_name":"Knowledge Distillation Applied to Optical Channel Equalization: Solving the Parallelization Problem of Recurrent Connection","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4391013189","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/ofc49934.2023.10116725"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23919/ofc49934.2023.10116725","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false},"type":"article","type_crossref":"proceedings-article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2212.04569","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037817546","display_name":"Sasipim Srivallapanondh","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169199633","display_name":"Aston University","ror":"https://ror.org/05j0ve876","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169199633"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sasipim Srivallapanondh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aston University, Birmingham, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aston University, Birmingham, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169199633"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076069500","display_name":"Pedro J. Freire","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3145-1018"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169199633","display_name":"Aston University","ror":"https://ror.org/05j0ve876","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169199633"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pedro J. Freire","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aston University, Birmingham, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aston University, Birmingham, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169199633"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054553385","display_name":"Bernhard Spinnler","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9578-0297"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137594350","display_name":"Infineon Technologies (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/005kw6t15","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137594350"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bernhard Spinnler","raw_affiliation_strings":["Infinera, Munich, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Infinera, Munich, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137594350"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078971031","display_name":"Nelson Costa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8678-5691"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210122709","display_name":"Hospital de Santa Cruz","ror":"https://ror.org/02r581p42","country_code":"PT","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210122709"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nelson Costa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Infinera, Carnaxide, Portugal"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Infinera, Carnaxide, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210122709"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078956278","display_name":"Antonio Napoli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9264-9274"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137594350","display_name":"Infineon Technologies (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/005kw6t15","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137594350"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Antonio Napoli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Infinera, Munich, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Infinera, Munich, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137594350"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084823616","display_name":"Sergei K. Turitsyn","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0101-3834"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169199633","display_name":"Aston University","ror":"https://ror.org/05j0ve876","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169199633"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sergei K. Turitsyn","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aston University, Birmingham, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aston University, Birmingham, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169199633"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024195302","display_name":"Jaroslaw E. Prilepsky","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3035-4112"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169199633","display_name":"Aston University","ror":"https://ror.org/05j0ve876","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169199633"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jaroslaw E. Prilepsky","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aston University, Birmingham, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aston University, Birmingham, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169199633"]}]}],"institution_assertions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.519,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.547354,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":78,"max":84},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10232","display_name":"Optical Network Technologies","score":0.9999,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10232","display_name":"Optical Network Technologies","score":0.9999,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12611","display_name":"Neural Networks and Reservoir Computing","score":0.9989,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10767","display_name":"Advanced Photonic Communication Systems","score":0.9949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallelizable-manifold","display_name":"Parallelizable manifold","score":0.939361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feed-forward","display_name":"Feed forward","score":0.47307286}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148047603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1014612","display_name":"Parallelizable manifold","level":2,"score":0.939361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7135556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147168706","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1457734","display_name":"Recurrent neural network","level":3,"score":0.7004788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204030448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101017","display_name":"Distillation","level":2,"score":0.61547863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46637626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6693015","display_name":"Low latency (capital markets)","level":2,"score":0.4916485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13355873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920850","display_name":"Connection (principal bundle)","level":2,"score":0.48467734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38858127","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5441228","display_name":"Feed forward","level":2,"score":0.47307286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75755367","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104531076","display_name":"Equalization (audio)","level":3,"score":0.4724774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.47093597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82876162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17096504","display_name":"Latency (audio)","level":2,"score":0.4704021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.37859684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.37497777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2731955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.22639355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.219895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.18688315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133731056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288","display_name":"Control engineering","level":1,"score":0.16463947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.10495338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.10469958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.10277125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.089330524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23919/ofc49934.2023.10116725","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false},{"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2212.04569","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2212.04569","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cornell University"],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false}],"best_oa_location":{"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2212.04569","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2212.04569","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cornell University"],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"grants":[],"datasets":[],"versions":[],"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1821462560","https://openalex.org/W2004915807","https://openalex.org/W2519091744","https://openalex.org/W2579921839","https://openalex.org/W2757698722","https://openalex.org/W3102627954","https://openalex.org/W3134302188","https://openalex.org/W3160013733","https://openalex.org/W3186360695","https://openalex.org/W3214511793","https://openalex.org/W4210644216","https://openalex.org/W4313555325"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4377082852","https://openalex.org/W4285069850","https://openalex.org/W4240963716","https://openalex.org/W2891970004","https://openalex.org/W2321918740","https://openalex.org/W2154273227","https://openalex.org/W1996916724","https://openalex.org/W1974634278","https://openalex.org/W1776186222","https://openalex.org/W1596637634"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"To":[0],"circumvent":[1],"the":[2,15,30],"non-parallelizability":[3],"of":[4],"recurrent":[5],"neural":[6],"network-based":[7],"equalizers,":[8],"we":[9],"propose":[10],"knowledge":[11],"distillation":[12],"to":[13],"recast":[14],"RNN":[16],"into":[17],"a":[18],"parallelizable":[19],"feedforward":[20],"structure.":[21],"The":[22],"latter":[23],"shows":[24],"38%":[25],"latency":[26],"decrease,":[27],"while":[28],"impacting":[29],"Q-factor":[31],"by":[32],"only":[33],"0.5":[34],"dB.":[35]},"cited_by_api_url":"https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4391013189","counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-01-06T06:00:02.360584","created_date":"2024-01-19"}