{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2987241137","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/d19-5828","title":"D-NET: A Pre-Training and Fine-Tuning Framework for Improving the Generalization of Machine Reading Comprehension","display_name":"D-NET: A Pre-Training and Fine-Tuning Framework for Improving the Generalization of Machine Reading Comprehension","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2987241137","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/d19-5828","mag":"2987241137"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/d19-5828","pdf_url":"https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/D19-5828.pdf","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true},"type":"article","type_crossref":"proceedings-article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/D19-5828.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100402304","display_name":"Hongyu Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6518-9866"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98301712","display_name":"Baidu (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/03vs3wt56","country_code":"CN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98301712"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongyu Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Baidu Inc., Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Baidu Inc., Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98301712"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008411659","display_name":"Xiyuan Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-7564-346X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98301712","display_name":"Baidu (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/03vs3wt56","country_code":"CN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98301712"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiyuan Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Baidu Inc., Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Baidu Inc., Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98301712"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102750557","display_name":"Yibing Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2862-5542"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98301712","display_name":"Baidu (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/03vs3wt56","country_code":"CN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98301712"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yibing Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Baidu Inc., Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Baidu Inc., Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98301712"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100395391","display_name":"Yiming Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9289-6227"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98301712","display_name":"Baidu (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/03vs3wt56","country_code":"CN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98301712"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yiming Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Baidu Inc., Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Baidu Inc., Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98301712"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100418245","display_name":"Quan Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6102-3407"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98301712","display_name":"Baidu (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/03vs3wt56","country_code":"CN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98301712"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Quan Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Baidu Inc., Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Baidu Inc., Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98301712"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110648291","display_name":"Xiangyang Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9614-939X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98301712","display_name":"Baidu (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/03vs3wt56","country_code":"CN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98301712"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiangyang Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Baidu Inc., Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Baidu Inc., Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98301712"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100375105","display_name":"Jing Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1727-6321"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98301712","display_name":"Baidu (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/03vs3wt56","country_code":"CN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98301712"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jing Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Baidu Inc., Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Baidu Inc., Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98301712"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100677198","display_name":"Hua Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5687-7800"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98301712","display_name":"Baidu (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/03vs3wt56","country_code":"CN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98301712"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hua Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Baidu Inc., Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Baidu Inc., Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98301712"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100386394","display_name":"Haifeng Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0672-7468"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98301712","display_name":"Baidu (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/03vs3wt56","country_code":"CN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98301712"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haifeng Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Baidu Inc., Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Baidu Inc., Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98301712"]}]}],"institution_assertions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.792,"has_fulltext":true,"fulltext_origin":"pdf","cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.756592,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":90},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"212","last_page":"219"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9997,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11714","display_name":"Multimodal Machine Learning Applications","score":0.9974,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177148314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170084","display_name":"Generalization","level":2,"score":0.8989355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.81812155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.7264743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778780117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3269423","display_name":"Reading comprehension","level":3,"score":0.69537866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554936623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199657","display_name":"Reading (process)","level":2,"score":0.6509612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.63786674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C511192102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5156948","display_name":"Comprehension","level":2,"score":0.5634146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.5192352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.5095663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780586882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7520643","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.47129312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.09932712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.07267496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.07106361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/d19-5828","pdf_url":"https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/D19-5828.pdf","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true}],"best_oa_location":{"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/d19-5828","pdf_url":"https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/D19-5828.pdf","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.89,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality education"}],"grants":[],"datasets":[],"versions":[],"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2516930406","https://openalex.org/W2551396370","https://openalex.org/W2552027021","https://openalex.org/W2609826708","https://openalex.org/W2625541525","https://openalex.org/W2740747242","https://openalex.org/W2798858969","https://openalex.org/W2896457183","https://openalex.org/W2927746189","https://openalex.org/W2946659172","https://openalex.org/W2949849869","https://openalex.org/W2951534261","https://openalex.org/W2951873305","https://openalex.org/W2953271402","https://openalex.org/W2963339397","https://openalex.org/W2963341956","https://openalex.org/W2963748441","https://openalex.org/W2963769536","https://openalex.org/W2963846996","https://openalex.org/W2963854351","https://openalex.org/W2963863909","https://openalex.org/W2963871484","https://openalex.org/W2963898730","https://openalex.org/W2963957489","https://openalex.org/W2970597249","https://openalex.org/W2997200074","https://openalex.org/W4295253143"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4300101996","https://openalex.org/W3162204513","https://openalex.org/W2382521049","https://openalex.org/W2165950148","https://openalex.org/W2161828220","https://openalex.org/W2144385241","https://openalex.org/W2083863157","https://openalex.org/W2082296339","https://openalex.org/W1972348076","https://openalex.org/W1585007175"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"we":[3,62],"introduce":[4],"a":[5,35],"simple":[6],"system":[7,31,73],"Baidu":[8],"submitted":[9],"for":[10,14],"MRQA":[11],"(Machine":[12],"Reading":[13],"Question":[15],"Answering)":[16],"2019":[17],"Shared":[18],"Task":[19],"that":[20],"focused":[21],"on":[22,34],"generalization":[23,57],"of":[24,37,45,58,69,79,85],"machine":[25],"reading":[26],"comprehension":[27],"(MRC)":[28],"models.":[29],"Our":[30,72,89],"is":[32,74],"built":[33],"framework":[36],"pretraining":[38],"and":[39,49,61,91],"fine-tuning,":[40],"namely":[41],"D-NET.":[42],"The":[43],"techniques":[44],"pre-trained":[46],"language":[47],"models":[48,60,92],"multi-task":[50],"learning":[51],"are":[52],"explored":[53],"to":[54,65],"improve":[55],"the":[56,67,81],"MRC":[59],"conduct":[63],"experiments":[64],"examine":[66],"effectiveness":[68],"these":[70],"strategies.":[71],"ranked":[75],"at":[76,96],"top":[77],"1":[78],"all":[80],"participants":[82],"in":[83],"terms":[84],"averaged":[86],"F1":[87],"score.":[88],"codes":[90],"will":[93],"be":[94],"released":[95],"PaddleNLP.":[97]},"abstract_inverted_index_v3":null,"cited_by_api_url":"https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2987241137","counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2025-04-03T09:25:07.022257","created_date":"2019-11-22"}