{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4319078047","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13321-023-00688-x","title":"SESNet: sequence-structure feature-integrated deep learning method for data-efficient protein engineering","display_name":"SESNet: sequence-structure feature-integrated deep learning method for data-efficient protein engineering","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-02-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4319078047","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13321-023-00688-x","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36737798"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13321-023-00688-x","pdf_url":"https://jcheminf.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s13321-023-00688-x","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S180838163","display_name":"Journal of Cheminformatics","issn_l":"1758-2946","issn":["1758-2946"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_indexed_in_scopus":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965","https://openalex.org/P4310320256"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature","BioMed Central"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true},"type":"article","type_crossref":"journal-article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://jcheminf.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s13321-023-00688-x","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074422516","display_name":"Mingchen Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0736-1541"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mingchen Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai National Center for Applied Mathematics (SJTU Center), & Institute of Natural Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai National Center for Applied Mathematics (SJTU Center), & Institute of Natural Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049773327","display_name":"Liqi Kang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-2427-5807"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liqi Kang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai National Center for Applied Mathematics (SJTU Center), & Institute of Natural Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai National Center for Applied Mathematics (SJTU Center), & Institute of Natural Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014672057","display_name":"Yi Xiong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2910-6725"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yi Xiong","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070236689","display_name":"Yu Guang Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7450-0273"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu Guang Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai National Center for Applied Mathematics (SJTU Center), & Institute of Natural Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai National Center for Applied Mathematics (SJTU Center), & Institute of Natural Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034901082","display_name":"Guisheng Fan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2702-0242"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143593769","display_name":"East China University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01vyrm377","country_code":"CN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143593769"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guisheng Fan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200240, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200240, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143593769"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014735098","display_name":"Pan Tan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2086-0940"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4391012619","display_name":"Shanghai Artificial Intelligence Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/03wkvpx79","country_code":null,"type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4391012619"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100255","display_name":"Beijing Academy of Artificial Intelligence","ror":"https://ror.org/016a74861","country_code":"CN","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210100255"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pan Tan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Shanghai, 200240, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Shanghai, 200240, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4391012619","https://openalex.org/I4210100255"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000680377","display_name":"Liang Hong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0107-336X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4391012619","display_name":"Shanghai Artificial Intelligence Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/03wkvpx79","country_code":null,"type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4391012619"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100255","display_name":"Beijing Academy of Artificial Intelligence","ror":"https://ror.org/016a74861","country_code":"CN","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210100255"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liang Hong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Shanghai, 200240, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Shanghai, 200240, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4391012619","https://openalex.org/I4210100255"]}]}],"institution_assertions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1290,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1582},"apc_paid":{"value":1290,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1582},"fwci":4.751,"has_fulltext":true,"fulltext_origin":"pdf","cited_by_count":25,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.999983,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10044","display_name":"Protein Structure and Dynamics","score":0.9988,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10044","display_name":"Protein Structure and Dynamics","score":0.9988,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12254","display_name":"Machine Learning in Bioinformatics","score":0.9985,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10521","display_name":"RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms","score":0.9973,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sequence-space","display_name":"Sequence space","score":0.50131035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sequence","display_name":"Sequence (biology)","score":0.48849118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protein-sequencing","display_name":"Protein sequencing","score":0.48496056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-engineering","display_name":"Feature Engineering","score":0.4479298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protein-engineering","display_name":"Protein Engineering","score":0.4246776}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8032287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.625569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.5893866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.56649446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C501734568","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42918","display_name":"Mutation","level":3,"score":0.54685676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30711495","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q289411","display_name":"Sequence space","level":3,"score":0.50131035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778112365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3511065","display_name":"Sequence (biology)","level":2,"score":0.48849118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.48720998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10010492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3142557","display_name":"Protein sequencing","level":4,"score":0.48496056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176066374","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q629118","display_name":"Fitness function","level":3,"score":0.47001436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778827112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22245680","display_name":"Feature engineering","level":3,"score":0.4479298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147816474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q169525","display_name":"Protein engineering","level":3,"score":0.4246776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.36667788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167625842","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899763","display_name":"Peptide sequence","level":3,"score":0.13141143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.09447202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.09444934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8880873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187787","display_name":"Genetic algorithm","level":2,"score":0.08107057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132954091","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194397","display_name":"Banach space","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181199279","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8047","display_name":"Enzyme","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13321-023-00688-x","pdf_url":"https://jcheminf.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s13321-023-00688-x","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S180838163","display_name":"Journal of Cheminformatics","issn_l":"1758-2946","issn":["1758-2946"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_indexed_in_scopus":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965","https://openalex.org/P4310320256"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature","BioMed Central"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true},{"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2301.00004","pdf_url":"http://arxiv.org/pdf/2301.00004","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_indexed_in_scopus":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cornell University"],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false},{"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9898993","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_indexed_in_scopus":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["National Institutes of Health"],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true},{"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2301.00004","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2301.00004","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_indexed_in_scopus":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cornell University"],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false},{"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36737798","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_indexed_in_scopus":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["National Institutes of Health"],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false}],"best_oa_location":{"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13321-023-00688-x","pdf_url":"https://jcheminf.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s13321-023-00688-x","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S180838163","display_name":"Journal of Cheminformatics","issn_l":"1758-2946","issn":["1758-2946"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_indexed_in_scopus":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965","https://openalex.org/P4310320256"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature","BioMed Central"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.51,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"grants":[{"funder":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award_id":"61872094"},{"funder":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award_id":"61832019"},{"funder":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award_id":"12104295"},{"funder":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award_id":"31630002"}],"datasets":[],"versions":[],"referenced_works_count":47,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2010315761","https://openalex.org/W2030239671","https://openalex.org/W2103385859","https://openalex.org/W2114340287","https://openalex.org/W2120836664","https://openalex.org/W2134757533","https://openalex.org/W2137566700","https://openalex.org/W2164814134","https://openalex.org/W2245592118","https://openalex.org/W2379594833","https://openalex.org/W2890223884","https://openalex.org/W2896457183","https://openalex.org/W2917580301","https://openalex.org/W2951433247","https://openalex.org/W2953085814","https://openalex.org/W2971227267","https://openalex.org/W2972411752","https://openalex.org/W2972671276","https://openalex.org/W2980789587","https://openalex.org/W3044778276","https://openalex.org/W3093098684","https://openalex.org/W3121000782","https://openalex.org/W3121331573","https://openalex.org/W3144239152","https://openalex.org/W3146944767","https://openalex.org/W3153179057","https://openalex.org/W3177828909","https://openalex.org/W3186179742","https://openalex.org/W3202848468","https://openalex.org/W3209435229","https://openalex.org/W3211728297","https://openalex.org/W3211795435","https://openalex.org/W3215514970","https://openalex.org/W4205773061","https://openalex.org/W4206087583","https://openalex.org/W4206948363","https://openalex.org/W4210494137","https://openalex.org/W4220990085","https://openalex.org/W4223581484","https://openalex.org/W4224939843","https://openalex.org/W4224988655","https://openalex.org/W4281478251","https://openalex.org/W4283733033","https://openalex.org/W4287724045","https://openalex.org/W4312006225","https://openalex.org/W4388024559","https://openalex.org/W4394666973"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4385411492","https://openalex.org/W4214858168","https://openalex.org/W3034479940","https://openalex.org/W2977684889","https://openalex.org/W2914918412","https://openalex.org/W2885204620","https://openalex.org/W2743276551","https://openalex.org/W2464232876","https://openalex.org/W2081880809","https://openalex.org/W1973004303"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Deep":[0],"learning":[1],"has":[2],"been":[3],"widely":[4],"used":[5],"for":[6,25,45,86,102,150],"protein":[7,46,78,147],"engineering.":[8],"However,":[9],"it":[10],"is":[11,176,199],"limited":[12],"by":[13,48,121,161,202],"the":[14,27,43,68,76,82,87,104,123,144,151,182],"lack":[15],"of":[16,30,143,146,167,177,191],"sufficient":[17],"experimental":[18,168,184,192],"data":[19,118,124,170,194],"to":[20,41,128],"train":[21],"an":[22,203],"accurate":[23],"model":[24,40,60,135],"predicting":[26,103],"functional":[28],"fitness":[29,44,145],"high-order":[31],"mutants.":[32],"Here,":[33],"we":[34,115],"develop":[35],"SESNet,":[36],"a":[37,93,117,164,188,196],"supervised":[38],"deep-learning":[39],"predict":[42],"mutants":[47],"leveraging":[49,122],"both":[50],"sequence":[51,79],"and":[52,55,81,207],"structure":[53,83],"information,":[54],"exploiting":[56],"attention":[57],"mechanism.":[58],"Our":[59],"integrates":[61],"local":[62],"evolutionary":[63,70],"context":[64,71],"from":[65,75,125],"homologous":[66],"sequences,":[67],"global":[69],"encoding":[72],"rich":[73],"semantic":[74],"universal":[77],"space":[80],"information":[84],"accounting":[85],"microenvironment":[88],"around":[89],"each":[90],"residue":[91],"in":[92,141],"protein.":[94,214],"We":[95],"show":[96],"that":[97],"SESNet":[98],"outperforms":[99],"state-of-the-art":[100],"models":[101,127],"sequence-function":[105],"relationship":[106],"on":[107,195,211],"26":[108],"deep":[109],"mutational":[110],"scanning":[111],"datasets.":[112],"More":[113],"importantly,":[114],"propose":[116],"augmentation":[119],"strategy":[120,174],"unsupervised":[126],"pre-train":[129],"our":[130,134],"model.":[131],"After":[132],"that,":[133],"can":[136,208],"achieve":[137],"strikingly":[138],"high":[139],"accuracy":[140],"prediction":[142],"mutants,":[148],"especially":[149],"higher":[152],"order":[153],"variants":[154],"(>":[155],"4":[156],"mutation":[157,169,193],"sites),":[158],"when":[159],"finetuned":[160],"using":[162],"only":[163],"small":[165],"number":[166],"(<":[171],"50).":[172],"The":[173],"proposed":[175],"great":[178],"practical":[179],"value":[180],"as":[181],"required":[183],"effort,":[185],"i.e.,":[186],"producing":[187],"few":[189],"tens":[190],"given":[197],"protein,":[198],"generally":[200],"affordable":[201],"ordinary":[204],"biochemical":[205],"group":[206],"be":[209],"applied":[210],"almost":[212],"any":[213]},"abstract_inverted_index_v3":null,"cited_by_api_url":"https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4319078047","counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2025-04-04T01:20:27.025034","created_date":"2023-02-04"}