{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2167137645","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/s1110865704410014","title":"Robust Face Image Matching under Illumination Variations","display_name":"Robust Face Image Matching under Illumination Variations","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-12-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2167137645","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/s1110865704410014","mag":"2167137645"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/s1110865704410014","pdf_url":"https://asp-eurasipjournals.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1155/S1110865704410014","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S35920007","display_name":"EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing","issn_l":"1687-6172","issn":["1687-6172","1687-6180"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_indexed_in_scopus":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965","https://openalex.org/P4310319900"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature","Springer Science+Business Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true},"type":"article","type_crossref":"journal-article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://asp-eurasipjournals.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1155/S1110865704410014","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108432386","display_name":"Chyuan-Huei Thomas Yang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25846049","display_name":"National Tsing Hua University","ror":"https://ror.org/00zdnkx70","country_code":"TW","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Chyuan-Huei Thomas Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, National Tsing Hua University, 101 Kuang Fu Road, Section 2, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, National Tsing Hua University, 101 Kuang Fu Road, Section 2, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073849580","display_name":"Shang\u2010Hong Lai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5092-993X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25846049","display_name":"National Tsing Hua University","ror":"https://ror.org/00zdnkx70","country_code":"TW","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shang-Hong Lai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, National Tsing Hua University, 101 Kuang Fu Road, Section 2, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, National Tsing Hua University, 101 Kuang Fu Road, Section 2, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100855462","display_name":"Long-Wen Chang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25846049","display_name":"National Tsing Hua University","ror":"https://ror.org/00zdnkx70","country_code":"TW","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Long-Wen Chang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, National Tsing Hua University, 101 Kuang Fu Road, Section 2, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, National Tsing Hua University, 101 Kuang Fu Road, Section 2, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"]}]}],"institution_assertions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5108432386"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"],"apc_list":{"value":1140,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1398},"apc_paid":{"value":1140,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1398},"fwci":1.956,"has_fulltext":true,"fulltext_origin":"pdf","cited_by_count":26,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.841904,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":89},"biblio":{"volume":"2004","issue":"16","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.9994,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.9994,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9989,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9969,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness","score":0.44284427}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7484735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.65863407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.6194659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31510193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1192553","display_name":"Facial recognition system","level":3,"score":0.60115093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780009758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804172","display_name":"Measure (data warehouse)","level":2,"score":0.59277916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5895507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183115368","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q856577","display_name":"Weighting","level":2,"score":0.5884088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.57100916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165064840","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321061","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.5627961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776436953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5163215","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","level":2,"score":0.52450216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.4932453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4858348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.4594309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.44284427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.07583594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/s1110865704410014","pdf_url":"https://asp-eurasipjournals.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1155/S1110865704410014","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S35920007","display_name":"EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing","issn_l":"1687-6172","issn":["1687-6172","1687-6180"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_indexed_in_scopus":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965","https://openalex.org/P4310319900"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature","Springer Science+Business Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true}],"best_oa_location":{"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/s1110865704410014","pdf_url":"https://asp-eurasipjournals.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1155/S1110865704410014","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S35920007","display_name":"EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing","issn_l":"1687-6172","issn":["1687-6172","1687-6180"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_indexed_in_scopus":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965","https://openalex.org/P4310319900"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature","Springer Science+Business Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"grants":[],"datasets":[],"versions":[],"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1498097761","https://openalex.org/W1508960934","https://openalex.org/W1540849164","https://openalex.org/W1584372158","https://openalex.org/W1769974409","https://openalex.org/W1786620475","https://openalex.org/W1904204859","https://openalex.org/W2006793117","https://openalex.org/W2040179990","https://openalex.org/W2062104878","https://openalex.org/W2068484625","https://openalex.org/W2105916327","https://openalex.org/W2110137861","https://openalex.org/W2115689562","https://openalex.org/W2116940633","https://openalex.org/W2120954940","https://openalex.org/W2121647436","https://openalex.org/W2123594133","https://openalex.org/W2123914452","https://openalex.org/W2123921160","https://openalex.org/W2129777588","https://openalex.org/W2135192052","https://openalex.org/W2138780604","https://openalex.org/W2142073539","https://openalex.org/W2144143728","https://openalex.org/W2148673968","https://openalex.org/W2150520428","https://openalex.org/W2159857630","https://openalex.org/W2163280874","https://openalex.org/W2177287823","https://openalex.org/W2295106276","https://openalex.org/W4205241946","https://openalex.org/W69255761"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4206560911","https://openalex.org/W2787352659","https://openalex.org/W2180954594","https://openalex.org/W2127804977","https://openalex.org/W2108418243","https://openalex.org/W2052835778","https://openalex.org/W2049003611","https://openalex.org/W2040545019","https://openalex.org/W1970611213","https://openalex.org/W164103134"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Face":[0],"image":[1,23,32,43,53,190],"matching":[2,20,33,44,119,181,191],"is":[3,14,39,46,84,159],"an":[4,137],"essential":[5],"step":[6],"for":[7,106,141,230],"face":[8,11,19,31,57,112,123,165,180,189,196,205],"recognition":[9,206,224],"and":[10,132,219],"verification.":[12],"It":[13],"difficult":[15],"to":[16,115,130,146,162],"achieve":[17],"robust":[18,35,118,156,179],"under":[21,172,233],"various":[22],"acquisition":[24],"conditions.":[25,236],"In":[26],"this":[27],"paper,":[28],"a":[29,61,148],"novel":[30],"algorithm":[34,45,192,214],"against":[36],"illumination":[37,174],"variations":[38],"proposed.":[40],"The":[41,81,208],"proposed":[42,188,213],"motivated":[47],"by":[48,86,92],"the":[49,56,66,75,88,93,102,110,117,127,152,168,187,212],"characteristics":[50],"of":[51,109,151,167,185],"high":[52],"gradient":[54,72,83,90,97],"along":[55],"contours.":[58],"We":[59],"define":[60],"new":[62],"consistency":[63,104,144,153,157],"measure":[64,120,145,158],"as":[65],"inner":[67],"product":[68],"between":[69,121],"two":[70,79,122],"normalized":[71,82],"vectors":[73],"at":[74],"corresponding":[76,94,111],"locations":[77],"in":[78,200],"images.":[80,124],"obtained":[85],"dividing":[87],"computed":[89],"vector":[91],"locally":[95],"maximal":[96],"magnitude.":[98],"Then":[99],"we":[100,135],"compute":[101],"average":[103,150],"measures":[105],"all":[107],"pairs":[108],"contour":[113],"pixels":[114],"be":[116],"To":[125],"alleviate":[126],"problem":[128],"due":[129],"shadow":[131],"intensity":[133,138],"saturation,":[134],"introduce":[136],"weighting":[139],"function":[140],"each":[142],"individual":[143],"form":[147],"weighted":[149],"measure.":[154],"This":[155],"further":[160],"extended":[161],"integrate":[163],"multiple":[164],"images":[166,229],"same":[169],"person":[170],"captured":[171],"different":[173,231,234],"conditions,":[175],"thus":[176],"making":[177],"our":[178],"algorithm.":[182],"Experimental":[183],"results":[184,209],"applying":[186],"on":[193],"some":[194,203],"well-known":[195],"datasets":[197,232],"are":[198],"given":[199],"comparison":[201],"with":[202,226],"existing":[204],"methods.":[207],"show":[210],"that":[211],"consistently":[215],"outperforms":[216],"other":[217],"methods":[218],"achieves":[220],"higher":[221],"than":[222],"93%":[223],"rate":[225],"three":[227],"reference":[228],"lighting":[235]},"abstract_inverted_index_v3":null,"cited_by_api_url":"https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2167137645","counts_by_year":[{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-04-24T12:33:16.265181","created_date":"2016-06-24"}