{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2952645187","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3323165.3323210","title":"Small Refinements to the DAM Can Have Big Consequences for Data-Structure Design","display_name":"Small Refinements to the DAM Can Have Big Consequences for Data-Structure Design","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-06-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2952645187","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3323165.3323210","mag":"2952645187"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3323165.3323210","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3323165.3323210","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true},"type":"article","type_crossref":"proceedings-article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3323165.3323210","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068761590","display_name":"Michael A. Bender","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7639-530X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59553526","display_name":"Stony Brook University","ror":"https://ror.org/05qghxh33","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59553526"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael A. Bender","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59553526"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084732971","display_name":"Alex Conway","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4890-7413"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102322142","display_name":"Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey","ror":"https://ror.org/05vt9qd57","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alex Conway","raw_affiliation_strings":["Rutgers University & VMware Research, New Brunswick, NJ, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rutgers University & VMware Research, New Brunswick, NJ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087023890","display_name":"Mart\u0131\u0301n Farach-Colton","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3616-7788"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102322142","display_name":"Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey","ror":"https://ror.org/05vt9qd57","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mart\u00edn Farach-Colton","raw_affiliation_strings":["Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089059073","display_name":"William Jannen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I22675022","display_name":"Williams College","ror":"https://ror.org/04avkmd49","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I22675022"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"William Jannen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Williams College, Williamstown, MA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Williams College, Williamstown, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I22675022"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063872744","display_name":"Yizheng Jiao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114027177","display_name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","ror":"https://ror.org/0130frc33","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yizheng Jiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101626826","display_name":"Rob Johnson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0784-7410"},"institutions":[],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rob Johnson","raw_affiliation_strings":["VMware Research, Palo Alto, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"VMware Research, Palo Alto, CA, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032868493","display_name":"Eric Knorr","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102322142","display_name":"Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey","ror":"https://ror.org/05vt9qd57","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eric Knorr","raw_affiliation_strings":["Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046344920","display_name":"Sara McAllister","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5253-7094"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I133543626","display_name":"Harvey Mudd College","ror":"https://ror.org/025ecfn45","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133543626"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sara McAllister","raw_affiliation_strings":["Harvey Mudd College, Claremont, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Harvey Mudd College, Claremont, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133543626"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015980301","display_name":"Nirjhar Mukherjee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3327-8442"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114027177","display_name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","ror":"https://ror.org/0130frc33","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nirjhar Mukherjee","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014159929","display_name":"Prashant Pandey","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5576-0320"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Prashant Pandey","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075511151","display_name":"Donald E. Porter","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9804-0857"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114027177","display_name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","ror":"https://ror.org/0130frc33","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Donald E. Porter","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100711928","display_name":"Jun Yuan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6240-7151"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126863827","display_name":"Pace University","ror":"https://ror.org/047p7y759","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126863827"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jun Yuan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pace University, New York, NY, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pace University, New York, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126863827"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036143596","display_name":"Yang Zhan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5772-7321"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114027177","display_name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","ror":"https://ror.org/0130frc33","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yang Zhan","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}]}],"institution_assertions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.77,"has_fulltext":true,"fulltext_origin":"pdf","cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.811818,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":89},"biblio":{"volume":"39","issue":null,"first_page":"265","last_page":"274"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11181","display_name":"Advanced Data Storage Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11181","display_name":"Advanced Data Storage Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9954,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11269","display_name":"Algorithms and Data Compression","score":0.994,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/firmware","display_name":"Firmware","score":0.5170713}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7580402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67212190","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104851","display_name":"Firmware","level":2,"score":0.5170713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780513914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18210350","display_name":"Bottleneck","level":2,"score":0.48505893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162319229","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175263","display_name":"Data structure","level":2,"score":0.4184437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.3902457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.21363741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.19891837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.18442601}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3323165.3323210","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3323165.3323210","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true}],"best_oa_location":{"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3323165.3323210","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3323165.3323210","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"grants":[{"funder":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation","award_id":"CCF"}],"datasets":[],"versions":[],"referenced_works_count":49,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W116784803","https://openalex.org/W1578513732","https://openalex.org/W1765651882","https://openalex.org/W1766349993","https://openalex.org/W1808237198","https://openalex.org/W1989622633","https://openalex.org/W2014515453","https://openalex.org/W2024503255","https://openalex.org/W2038142281","https://openalex.org/W2044188017","https://openalex.org/W2046441184","https://openalex.org/W2052196304","https://openalex.org/W2067182386","https://openalex.org/W2068739275","https://openalex.org/W2075771049","https://openalex.org/W2090103608","https://openalex.org/W2097224604","https://openalex.org/W2108183412","https://openalex.org/W2116435146","https://openalex.org/W2117098610","https://openalex.org/W2160062776","https://openalex.org/W2161694911","https://openalex.org/W2168023916","https://openalex.org/W2168395296","https://openalex.org/W2352208637","https://openalex.org/W2407165745","https://openalex.org/W2410712300","https://openalex.org/W2412921294","https://openalex.org/W2444572248","https://openalex.org/W2473485914","https://openalex.org/W2602601325","https://openalex.org/W2605350375","https://openalex.org/W2605461040","https://openalex.org/W2614079713","https://openalex.org/W2738607799","https://openalex.org/W2751343396","https://openalex.org/W2764131694","https://openalex.org/W2788211096","https://openalex.org/W2803169093","https://openalex.org/W2804444364","https://openalex.org/W2901608006","https://openalex.org/W2906975739","https://openalex.org/W2907420673","https://openalex.org/W2954641256","https://openalex.org/W2962877694","https://openalex.org/W2963440401","https://openalex.org/W2964054046","https://openalex.org/W2964106805","https://openalex.org/W3101628343"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4389238932","https://openalex.org/W4387467152","https://openalex.org/W4379115910","https://openalex.org/W4287635472","https://openalex.org/W4253989935","https://openalex.org/W4212885212","https://openalex.org/W3010413952","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2582981600","https://openalex.org/W1657880117"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Storage":[0],"devices":[1,41,191],"have":[2,53],"complex":[3],"performance":[4,204],"profiles,":[5],"including":[6],"costs":[7,23],"to":[8,24,71,94,124,235,266,270,292,347],"initiate":[9],"IOs":[10],"(e.g.,":[11],"seek":[12],"times":[13],"in":[14,44,108,175,221,237,257,353],"hard":[15,207],"drives),":[16],"parallelism":[17],"and":[18,27,49,78,111,117,143,159,196,209,223,261,310,340,351],"bank":[19],"conflicts":[20],"(in":[21],"SSDs),":[22],"transfer":[25,42],"data,":[26],"firmware-internal":[28],"operations.":[29],"The":[30],"Disk-Access":[31],"Machine":[32],"(DAM)":[33],"model":[34,61,217,321],"simplifies":[35],"reality":[36],"by":[37],"assuming":[38],"that":[39,50,156,193,214,229,256,284,307,318],"storage":[40,190],"data":[43,268,335],"blocks":[45],"of":[46,80,98,106,115,166,180,189,202,206],"size":[47,240],"B":[48,68],"all":[51,133,141,145,285],"transfers":[52],"unit":[54],"cost.":[55],"Despite":[56],"its":[57],"simplifications,":[58],"the":[59,72,76,81,85,88,101,104,109,112,148,157,167,194,203,215,226,230,238,259,276,297,319,338,344],"DAM":[60,86,102,168,320],"is":[62,69,232,322],"reasonably":[63],"accurate.":[64],"In":[65,138,151,275,296],"fact,":[66],"if":[67],"set":[70],"half-bandwidth":[73],"point,":[74],"where":[75],"latency":[77],"bandwidth":[79],"hardware":[82,93],"are":[83,147,163,243,249,287,313],"equal,":[84],"approximates":[87],"IO":[89,273],"cost":[90],"on":[91,185],"any":[92],"within":[95],"a":[96,139,171,186,325],"factor":[97],"2.":[99],"Furthermore,":[100,225],"explains":[103,218],"popularity":[105,114],"B-trees":[107,116,128,134,222,242,279,300],"70s":[110],"current":[113],"log-structured":[118],"merge":[119],"trees.":[120],"But":[121],"it":[122,264],"fails":[123],"explain":[125],"why":[126],"some":[127],"use":[129,135],"small":[130,164],"nodes,":[131,146],"whereas":[132,241],"large":[136,173,187],"nodes.":[137],"DAM,":[140],"IOs,":[142],"hence":[144],"same":[149],"size.":[150,274],"this":[152],"paper,":[153],"we":[154,254],"show":[155,213,255],"affine":[158,195,216,260,277,339],"PDAM":[160,197,262,298,341],"models,":[161,263],"which":[162],"refinements":[165],"model,":[169,278,299],"yield":[170],"surprisingly":[172],"improvement":[174],"predictability":[176],"without":[177],"sacrificing":[178],"ease":[179],"use.":[181],"We":[182,212,316],"present":[183],"benchmarks":[184],"collection":[188],"showing":[192],"models":[198,227,342],"give":[199],"good":[200],"approximations":[201],"characteristics":[205],"drives":[208],"SSDs,":[210],"respectively.":[211],"node-size":[219],"choices":[220,350],"B+-trees.":[224],"predict":[228],"B-tree":[231],"highly":[233],"sensitive":[234],"variations":[236],"node":[239],"much":[244],"less":[245],"sensitive.":[246],"These":[247],"predictions":[248],"born":[250],"out":[251],"empirically.":[252],"Finally,":[253],"both":[258,308],"pays":[265],"organize":[267],"structures":[269],"exploit":[271],"varying":[272],"can":[280,303],"be":[281,304],"optimized":[282],"so":[283,306],"operations":[286],"simultaneously":[288],"optimal,":[289],"even":[290],"up":[291],"lower":[293],"order":[294],"terms.":[295],"(or":[301],"B+-trees)":[302],"organized":[305],"sequential":[309],"concurrent":[311],"workloads":[312],"handled":[314],"efficiently.":[315],"conclude":[317],"useful":[323],"as":[324],"first":[326],"cut":[327],"when":[328],"designing":[329],"or":[330,334],"analyzing":[331],"an":[332],"algorithm":[333,345],"structure":[336],"but":[337],"enable":[343],"designer":[346],"optimize":[348],"parameter":[349],"fill":[352],"design":[354],"details.":[355]},"abstract_inverted_index_v3":null,"cited_by_api_url":"https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2952645187","counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-04-02T20:49:50.524298","created_date":"2019-06-27"}