乐胖代购免代理版

{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2076106422","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1570506.1570513","title":"Software hardening","display_name":"Software hardening","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-07-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2076106422","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1570506.1570513","mag":"2076106422"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1570506.1570513","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false},"type":"article","type_crossref":"proceedings-article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053132997","display_name":"Tobias Wrigstad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4269-5408"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tobias Wrigstad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Purdue University and IBM Research#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Purdue University and IBM Research#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024420075","display_name":"Patrick Eugster","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3864-9078"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Patrick Eugster","raw_affiliation_strings":["Purdue University and IBM Research#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Purdue University and IBM Research#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034359692","display_name":"John K. Field","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3951-6365"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John Field","raw_affiliation_strings":["Purdue University and IBM Research#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Purdue University and IBM Research#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006996823","display_name":"Nate Nystrom","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nate Nystrom","raw_affiliation_strings":["Purdue University and IBM Research#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Purdue University and IBM Research#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084307280","display_name":"Jan V\u00edtek","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4052-3458"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jan Vitek","raw_affiliation_strings":["Purdue University and IBM Research#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Purdue University and IBM Research#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}]}],"institution_assertions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.998,"has_fulltext":true,"fulltext_origin":"ngrams","cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.811976,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":85,"max":86},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"58","last_page":"70"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10126","display_name":"Logic, programming, and type systems","score":0.9998,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10126","display_name":"Logic, programming, and type systems","score":0.9998,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.999,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10142","display_name":"Formal Methods in Verification","score":0.9965,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ibm","display_name":"IBM","score":0.82464194}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70388272","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5968558","display_name":"IBM","level":2,"score":0.82464194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5855893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.5724999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.47506472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110354214","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6314146","display_name":"Engineering management","level":1,"score":0.45421824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.30608672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.23308972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1570506.1570513","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.42,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"grants":[],"datasets":[],"versions":[],"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W146298646","https://openalex.org/W1511185067","https://openalex.org/W1568983194","https://openalex.org/W1573044584","https://openalex.org/W1580328473","https://openalex.org/W1659064962","https://openalex.org/W1959256509","https://openalex.org/W1964830323","https://openalex.org/W1981962444","https://openalex.org/W1986277018","https://openalex.org/W1993836075","https://openalex.org/W1998070736","https://openalex.org/W2000005946","https://openalex.org/W2002866920","https://openalex.org/W2052363833","https://openalex.org/W2070088936","https://openalex.org/W2086410626","https://openalex.org/W2088675571","https://openalex.org/W2103591546","https://openalex.org/W2110001365","https://openalex.org/W2125044336","https://openalex.org/W2127053650","https://openalex.org/W2133206580","https://openalex.org/W2138855072","https://openalex.org/W2141210774","https://openalex.org/W2141293928","https://openalex.org/W2159078835","https://openalex.org/W2160715741","https://openalex.org/W2163551975","https://openalex.org/W2166985644","https://openalex.org/W2168775768","https://openalex.org/W2293770661","https://openalex.org/W2987907651","https://openalex.org/W3137596000","https://openalex.org/W3146075203","https://openalex.org/W4239530426","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4253186488","https://openalex.org/W4231814374","https://openalex.org/W3126131865","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2155964760","https://openalex.org/W2083611981","https://openalex.org/W2072507639","https://openalex.org/W2044344400","https://openalex.org/W2043380045","https://openalex.org/W1996938127"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"lays":[2],"out":[3],"the":[4,8,20],"research":[5],"agenda":[6],"of":[7,22],"Thorn":[9],"project,":[10],"a":[11],"collaboration":[12],"between":[13],"IBM":[14],"Research":[15],"and":[16,40],"Purdue":[17],"University":[18],"with":[19],"goal":[21],"exploring":[23],"how":[24],"to":[25],"incrementally":[26],"transition":[27],"rapid":[28],"prototypes":[29],"into":[30],"robust":[31],"programs.":[32],"The":[33],"project":[34],"is":[35],"in":[36],"its":[37],"early":[38],"stages":[39],"we":[41],"have":[42],"more":[43],"questions":[44],"than":[45],"answers.":[46]},"abstract_inverted_index_v3":null,"cited_by_api_url":"https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2076106422","counts_by_year":[{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-03-22T04:21:53.408311","created_date":"2016-06-24"}