乐胖代购免代理版

{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2216848248","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1508865.1509023","title":"The pintos instructional operating system kernel","display_name":"The pintos instructional operating system kernel","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-03-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2216848248","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1508865.1509023","mag":"2216848248"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1508865.1509023","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false},"type":"article","type_crossref":"proceedings-article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007029542","display_name":"Ben Pfaff","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1526-4143"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210108451","display_name":"Palo Alto Networks (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01rn6rn86","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210108451"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ben Pfaff","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nicira Networks, Palo Alto, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nicira Networks, Palo Alto, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210108451"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110668821","display_name":"Anthony G. Romano","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1743320","display_name":"Palo Alto University","ror":"https://ror.org/04f812k67","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1743320"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anthony Romano","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1743320","https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081080607","display_name":"Godmar Back","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","display_name":"Virginia Tech","ror":"https://ror.org/02smfhw86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Godmar Back","raw_affiliation_strings":["Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}]}],"institution_assertions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.186,"has_fulltext":true,"fulltext_origin":"ngrams","cited_by_count":42,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95566,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9985,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9985,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11283","display_name":"Experimental Learning in Engineering","score":0.9974,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10904","display_name":"Embedded Systems Design Techniques","score":0.9936,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kernel","display_name":"Kernel (algebra)","score":0.4540686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disk-formatting","display_name":"Disk formatting","score":0.413504}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56666940","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788790","display_name":"Documentation","level":2,"score":0.8197234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7374395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168065819","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q845566","display_name":"Debugging","level":2,"score":0.71023494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101468663","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1620158","display_name":"Modular design","level":2,"score":0.55977327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.5193054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206729178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2271896","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","level":2,"score":0.5012891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74193536","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q574844","display_name":"Kernel (algebra)","level":2,"score":0.4540686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C553261973","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14579","display_name":"Linux kernel","level":2,"score":0.4398042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018397939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3644502","display_name":"Open source","level":3,"score":0.4234799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.42017645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88006597","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q690117","display_name":"Disk formatting","level":2,"score":0.413504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.18670484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.10689628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1508865.1509023","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"grants":[],"datasets":[],"versions":[],"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1522250664","https://openalex.org/W1531419784","https://openalex.org/W1674182311","https://openalex.org/W1726111130","https://openalex.org/W1992748711","https://openalex.org/W1996063432","https://openalex.org/W2043861555","https://openalex.org/W205575011","https://openalex.org/W2066483305","https://openalex.org/W2087273732","https://openalex.org/W2105391037","https://openalex.org/W2146945410","https://openalex.org/W2160773789","https://openalex.org/W2171816001","https://openalex.org/W3013766838","https://openalex.org/W4235072906","https://openalex.org/W4240342977","https://openalex.org/W4248655060","https://openalex.org/W4401286428"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4244466418","https://openalex.org/W3183791698","https://openalex.org/W3023343521","https://openalex.org/W2999306385","https://openalex.org/W2480873127","https://openalex.org/W2479325685","https://openalex.org/W2389021890","https://openalex.org/W2162878363","https://openalex.org/W2104062382","https://openalex.org/W119923507"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Pintos":[0,52,68],"is":[1,69,92],"an":[2,76],"instructional":[3],"operating":[4],"system,":[5],"complete":[6],"with":[7],"documentation":[8],"and":[9,24,42,49,91],"ready-made,":[10],"modular":[11],"projects":[12],"that":[13],"introduce":[14],"students":[15,28],"to":[16,29],"the":[17,72],"principles":[18],"of":[19,59,89],"multi-programming,":[20],"scheduling,":[21],"virtual":[22],"memory,":[23],"filesystems.":[25],"By":[26],"allowing":[27],"run":[30],"their":[31],"work":[32],"product":[33],"on":[34],"actual":[35],"hardware,":[36],"while":[37],"simultaneously":[38],"benefiting":[39],"from":[40,71,75],"debugging":[41],"dynamic":[43],"analysis":[44],"tools":[45],"provided":[46],"in":[47],"simulated":[48],"emulated":[50],"environments,":[51],"increases":[53],"student":[54],"engagement.":[55],"Unlike":[56],"tailored":[57],"versions":[58],"commercial":[60],"or":[61],"open":[62],"source":[63],"OS":[64],"such":[65],"as":[66],"Linux,":[67],"designed":[70],"ground":[73],"up":[74],"educational":[77],"perspective.":[78],"It":[79],"has":[80],"been":[81],"used":[82],"by":[83],"multiple":[84],"institutions":[85],"for":[86,94],"a":[87],"number":[88],"years":[90],"available":[93],"wider":[95],"use.":[96]},"cited_by_api_url":"https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2216848248","counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-01-16T17:30:00.313330","created_date":"2016-06-24"}