{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2024945307","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1011528.1011531","title":"Implementing branch-predictor decay using quasi-static memory cells","display_name":"Implementing branch-predictor decay using quasi-static memory cells","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2024945307","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1011528.1011531","mag":"2024945307"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1011528.1011531","pdf_url":"http://dl.acm.org/ft_gateway.cfm?id=1011531&type=pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S26056741","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Architecture and Code Optimization","issn_l":"1544-3566","issn":["1544-3566","1544-3973"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_indexed_in_scopus":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true},"type":"article","type_crossref":"journal-article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"http://dl.acm.org/ft_gateway.cfm?id=1011531&type=pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029296034","display_name":"Philo Juang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20089843","display_name":"Princeton University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hx57361","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20089843"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Philo Juang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Princeton University, Princeton, NJ"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Princeton University, Princeton, NJ","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20089843"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074818897","display_name":"Kevin Skadron","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8091-9302"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51556381","display_name":"University of Virginia","ror":"https://ror.org/0153tk833","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51556381"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kevin Skadron","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Virginia'"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Virginia'","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51556381"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002015508","display_name":"Margaret Martonosi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9683-8032"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20089843","display_name":"Princeton University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hx57361","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20089843"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Margaret Martonosi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Princeton University, Princeton, NJ"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Princeton University, Princeton, NJ","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20089843"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5115604903","display_name":"Zhigang Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5707-8931"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1341412227","display_name":"IBM (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05hh8d621","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhigang Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM T.J. Watson research Center"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM T.J. Watson research Center","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113571854","display_name":"Douglas W. Clark","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20089843","display_name":"Princeton University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hx57361","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20089843"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Douglas W. Clark","raw_affiliation_strings":["Princeton University, Princeton, NJ"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Princeton University, Princeton, NJ","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20089843"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062734283","display_name":"Philip W. Diodato","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Philip W. Diodato","raw_affiliation_strings":["Agere Systems"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Agere Systems","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020214726","display_name":"Stefanos Kaxiras","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8267-0232"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I174878644","display_name":"University of Patras","ror":"https://ror.org/017wvtq80","country_code":"GR","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I174878644"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stefanos Kaxiras","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Patras;"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Patras;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174878644"]}]}],"institution_assertions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.697,"has_fulltext":true,"fulltext_origin":"pdf","cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.740573,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":83,"max":84},"biblio":{"volume":"1","issue":"2","first_page":"180","last_page":"219"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10472","display_name":"Semiconductor materials and devices","score":0.9998,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11005","display_name":"Radiation Effects in Electronics","score":0.9997,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/branch-predictor","display_name":"Branch predictor","score":0.8986479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microprocessor","display_name":"Microprocessor","score":0.59992105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leakage","display_name":"Leakage (economics)","score":0.5958187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/locality-of-reference","display_name":"Locality of reference","score":0.5628458}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168522837","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679552","display_name":"Branch predictor","level":2,"score":0.8986479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68043766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q267416","display_name":"Static random-access memory","level":2,"score":0.7422672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6636704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780728072","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5297","display_name":"Microprocessor","level":2,"score":0.59992105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777042071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6509304","display_name":"Leakage (economics)","level":2,"score":0.5958187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27602214","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1868547","display_name":"Locality of reference","level":3,"score":0.5628458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.48668247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779808786","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6664603","display_name":"Locality","level":2,"score":0.4396017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115537543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165596","display_name":"Cache","level":2,"score":0.3637215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.251351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.16783124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139719470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680","display_name":"Macroeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1011528.1011531","pdf_url":"http://dl.acm.org/ft_gateway.cfm?id=1011531&type=pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S26056741","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Architecture and Code Optimization","issn_l":"1544-3566","issn":["1544-3566","1544-3973"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_indexed_in_scopus":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true},{"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.421.4900","pdf_url":"http://pages.cs.wisc.edu/~kaxiras/papers/taco03.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400349","display_name":"CiteSeer X (The Pennsylvania State University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_indexed_in_scopus":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I130769515","host_organization_name":"Pennsylvania State University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Pennsylvania State University"],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false}],"best_oa_location":{"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1011528.1011531","pdf_url":"http://dl.acm.org/ft_gateway.cfm?id=1011531&type=pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S26056741","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Architecture and Code Optimization","issn_l":"1544-3566","issn":["1544-3566","1544-3973"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_indexed_in_scopus":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.9}],"grants":[],"datasets":[],"versions":[],"referenced_works_count":52,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W14611369","https://openalex.org/W1486852605","https://openalex.org/W1533222505","https://openalex.org/W1533452797","https://openalex.org/W1569689434","https://openalex.org/W1639957441","https://openalex.org/W1811647789","https://openalex.org/W1862469596","https://openalex.org/W1986611101","https://openalex.org/W1988773816","https://openalex.org/W2028283779","https://openalex.org/W2032094184","https://openalex.org/W2075190356","https://openalex.org/W2085904822","https://openalex.org/W2095872092","https://openalex.org/W2096893988","https://openalex.org/W2102727118","https://openalex.org/W2103555549","https://openalex.org/W2109220580","https://openalex.org/W2110999128","https://openalex.org/W2112744960","https://openalex.org/W2113924808","https://openalex.org/W2114294144","https://openalex.org/W2122563027","https://openalex.org/W2126357937","https://openalex.org/W2127950539","https://openalex.org/W2131054871","https://openalex.org/W2131507936","https://openalex.org/W2131550330","https://openalex.org/W2134872659","https://openalex.org/W2146561901","https://openalex.org/W2147481669","https://openalex.org/W2152356827","https://openalex.org/W2154702295","https://openalex.org/W2158199659","https://openalex.org/W2161991038","https://openalex.org/W2164109024","https://openalex.org/W2164354609","https://openalex.org/W2536703437","https://openalex.org/W2745045259","https://openalex.org/W2770992271","https://openalex.org/W2913451461","https://openalex.org/W3137433939","https://openalex.org/W4206010581","https://openalex.org/W4206705868","https://openalex.org/W4232019702","https://openalex.org/W4232293661","https://openalex.org/W4240685255","https://openalex.org/W4241603623","https://openalex.org/W4253795537","https://openalex.org/W4253870310","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2583128298","https://openalex.org/W2369223577","https://openalex.org/W2369125128","https://openalex.org/W2161159383","https://openalex.org/W2085845213","https://openalex.org/W2053359564","https://openalex.org/W2010020348","https://openalex.org/W1555349535","https://openalex.org/W1511204342","https://openalex.org/W1495260638"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0],"semiconductor":[1],"technology":[2],"advancing":[3],"toward":[4],"deep":[5],"submicron,":[6],"leakage":[7,103],"energy":[8,104],"is":[9,48,78,93,124],"of":[10,160,186,240],"increasing":[11,68],"concern,":[12],"especially":[13,54],"for":[14,57,105,132,142],"large":[15],"on-chip":[16],"array":[17],"structures":[18,190],"such":[19,265],"as":[20,71,148,150,221],"caches":[21,114],"and":[22,35,80,115,135,145,219,259],"branch":[23,32,52,59,73,116,122,152,161,217],"predictors.":[24],"Recent":[25],"work":[26],"has":[27],"suggested":[28],"that":[29,49,77,205],"larger,":[30],"aggressive":[31,51],"predictors":[33,56,123,162],"can":[34,83,208,227,256],"should":[36,260],"be":[37,62,84,229,257,261],"used":[38],"in":[39],"order":[40],"to":[41,95,101,109,121,138,210,263],"improve":[42],"microprocessor":[43],"performance.":[44],"A":[45],"further":[46,67],"consideration":[47],"more":[50,211],"predictors,":[53,117,147],"multiported":[55],"multiple":[58],"prediction,":[60],"may":[61],"thermal":[63],"hot":[64],"spots,":[65],"thus":[66],"leakage.":[69],"Moreover,":[70],"the":[72,110,130,151,157,184,197,216,232],"predictor":[74,218],"holds":[75],"state":[76],"transient":[79,266],"predictive,":[81],"elements":[82],"discarded":[85],"without":[86],"adverse":[87],"effect.":[88],"For":[89],"these":[90],"reasons,":[91],"it":[92],"natural":[94],"consider":[96],"applying":[97,118],"decay":[98,119,140,166,206,226,254],"techniques---already":[99],"shown":[100],"reduce":[102],"caches---to":[106],"branch-prediction":[107],"structures.Due":[108],"structural":[111],"difference":[112],"between":[113],"techniques":[120,207,255],"not":[125,168],"straightforward.":[126],"This":[127,180],"paper":[128,181,203],"explores":[129],"strategies":[131],"exploiting":[133],"spatial":[134],"temporal":[136],"locality":[137],"make":[139],"effective":[141],"bimodal,":[143],"gshare,":[144],"hybrid":[146],"well":[149],"target":[153],"buffer":[154],"(BTB).":[155],"Furthermore,":[156],"predictive":[158,268],"behavior":[159],"steers":[163],"them":[164],"towards":[165],"based":[167],"on":[169],"state-preserving,":[170],"static":[171,199,241],"storage":[172,178,242,246],"cells,":[173,247],"but":[174],"rather":[175,195],"quasi-static,":[176],"dynamic":[177],"cells.":[179],"will":[182],"examine":[183],"results":[185],"implementing":[187],"decaying":[188,193],"branch-predictor":[189],"with":[191,215,236,244],"dynamic---appropriately,":[192],"---cells":[194],"than":[196,212],"standard":[198],"SRAM":[200],"cell.Overall,":[201],"this":[202],"demonstrates":[204],"apply":[209],"just":[213],"caches,":[214],"BTB":[220],"an":[222],"example.":[223],"We":[224],"show":[225],"either":[228],"implemented":[230],"at":[231],"architectural":[233],"level,":[234],"or":[235],"a":[237],"wholesale":[238],"replacement":[239],"cells":[243],"quasi-static":[245],"which":[248],"naturally":[249],"implement":[250],"decay.":[251],"More":[252],"importantly,":[253],"applied":[258,262],"other":[264],"and/or":[267],"structures.":[269]},"abstract_inverted_index_v3":null,"cited_by_api_url":"https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2024945307","counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-03-23T01:59:29.308598","created_date":"2016-06-24"}