{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2066106635","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0219467802000834","title":"ADAPTIVE SUBSPACE SELF-ORGANIZING MAP AND ITS APPLICATIONS IN FACE RECOGNITION","display_name":"ADAPTIVE SUBSPACE SELF-ORGANIZING MAP AND ITS APPLICATIONS IN FACE RECOGNITION","publication_year":2002,"publication_date":"2002-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2066106635","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0219467802000834","mag":"2066106635"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0219467802000834","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S60080701","display_name":"International Journal of Image and Graphics","issn_l":"0219-4678","issn":["0219-4678","1793-6756"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_indexed_in_scopus":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false},"type":"article","type_crossref":"journal-article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100415093","display_name":"Zhi-Qiang Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1883-2871"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168719708","display_name":"City University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/03q8dnn23","country_code":"HK","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165779595","display_name":"The University of Melbourne","ror":"https://ror.org/01ej9dk98","country_code":"AU","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165779595"]}],"countries":["AU","HK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"ZHI-QIANG LIU","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department and Software Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia","School of Creative Media, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, P. R. China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Creative Media, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, P. R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department and Software Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165779595"]}]}],"institution_assertions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100415093"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168719708","https://openalex.org/I165779595"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.548,"has_fulltext":true,"fulltext_origin":"ngrams","cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.738964,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":82,"max":83},"biblio":{"volume":"02","issue":"04","first_page":"519","last_page":"540"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9987,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9987,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9973,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13579","display_name":"Image and Video Stabilization","score":0.987,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/self-organizing-map","display_name":"Self-organizing map","score":0.75405145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/manifold","display_name":"Manifold (fluid mechanics)","score":0.50045586}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12362212","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q728435","display_name":"Linear subspace","level":2,"score":0.8625243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32834561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660730","display_name":"Subspace topology","level":2,"score":0.839195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111168008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1136838","display_name":"Self-organizing map","level":3,"score":0.75405145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.74591166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.67976546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.65568125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31510193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1192553","display_name":"Facial recognition system","level":3,"score":0.62736106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.60600424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27438332","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2873","display_name":"Principal component analysis","level":2,"score":0.5917322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.5068787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529865628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1790740","display_name":"Manifold (fluid mechanics)","level":2,"score":0.50045586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.42093986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.3700571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.35366428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0219467802000834","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S60080701","display_name":"International Journal of Image and Graphics","issn_l":"0219-4678","issn":["0219-4678","1793-6756"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_indexed_in_scopus":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.42,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"grants":[],"datasets":[],"versions":[],"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1550578314","https://openalex.org/W1967121925","https://openalex.org/W2028631142","https://openalex.org/W2071128523","https://openalex.org/W2115689562","https://openalex.org/W2138451337","https://openalex.org/W2154374700","https://openalex.org/W2172253923","https://openalex.org/W4238805501","https://openalex.org/W4241691252","https://openalex.org/W65738273"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4287164812","https://openalex.org/W4285605394","https://openalex.org/W3213150849","https://openalex.org/W3172436493","https://openalex.org/W3100286349","https://openalex.org/W2957492749","https://openalex.org/W2896134808","https://openalex.org/W2386063599","https://openalex.org/W1975884855","https://openalex.org/W1887135636"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Recently":[0],"Kohonen":[1],"proposed":[2],"the":[3,14,18,24,30,33,43,47,73,110,120,151],"Adaptive":[4,74],"Subspace":[5],"Self-Organizing":[6,76],"Map":[7,77],"(ASSOM)":[8],"for":[9,42,57,136],"extracting":[10],"subspace":[11],"detectors":[12],"from":[13],"input":[15],"data.":[16],"In":[17,50,79],"ASSOM,":[19],"all":[20],"subspaces":[21,56],"represented":[22],"by":[23],"neurons":[25],"are":[26],"constrained":[27],"to":[28,67,94,106,118,128],"intersect":[29],"origin":[31],"in":[32,46,109],"feature":[34],"space.":[35],"As":[36],"a":[37,59,68,103,114,129,133],"result,":[38],"it":[39],"cannot":[40],"compensate":[41],"mean":[44],"present":[45,108],"data":[48],"set.":[49],"this":[51,143],"paper":[52],"we":[53,112],"propose":[54],"affined":[55],"constructing":[58],"set":[60],"of":[61,86,125],"linear":[62],"manifolds.":[63],"This":[64],"gives":[65],"rise":[66],"modified":[69],"ASSOM":[70],"known":[71],"as":[72],"Manifold":[75],"(AMSOM).":[78],"some":[80,98],"cases,":[81],"AMSOM":[82,93],"performs":[83,145],"many":[84],"orders":[85],"magnitude":[87],"better":[88,146],"than":[89,147],"ASSOM.":[90],"We":[91],"apply":[92],"face":[95,99,134],"recognition.":[96],"Since":[97],"images":[100],"may":[101],"share":[102],"manifold":[104,121],"due":[105],"similarities":[107],"images,":[111],"use":[113],"multi-layer":[115],"neural":[116],"network":[117],"divide":[119],"into":[122],"sub-areas":[123],"each":[124],"which":[126],"corresponds":[127],"single":[130],"class,":[131],"e.g.,":[132],"class":[135],"Smith.":[137],"Our":[138],"experiment":[139],"results":[140],"show":[141],"that":[142],"approach":[144],"those":[148],"obtained":[149],"using":[150],"standard":[152],"Principal":[153],"Component":[154],"Analysis":[155],"(PCA)":[156],"method.":[157]},"abstract_inverted_index_v3":null,"cited_by_api_url":"https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2066106635","counts_by_year":[{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-03-19T14:39:22.922393","created_date":"2016-06-24"}