{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4281260410","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218194022500206","title":"Detecting Compiler Bugs Via a Deep Learning-Based Framework","display_name":"Detecting Compiler Bugs Via a Deep Learning-Based Framework","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4281260410","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218194022500206"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218194022500206","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S131442419","display_name":"International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering","issn_l":"0218-1940","issn":["0218-1940","1793-6403"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_indexed_in_scopus":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false},"type":"article","type_crossref":"journal-article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080254489","display_name":"Yixuan Tang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9618-4697"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27357992","display_name":"Dalian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/023hj5876","country_code":"CN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yixuan Tang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Software, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2, Linggong Road, Ganjingzi District, Dalian City, Liaoning Province, P. R. China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Software, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2, Linggong Road, Ganjingzi District, Dalian City, Liaoning Province, P. R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063653030","display_name":"Zhilei Ren","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1511-2158"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27357992","display_name":"Dalian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/023hj5876","country_code":"CN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9842412","display_name":"Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics","ror":"https://ror.org/01scyh794","country_code":"CN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9842412"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I890469752","display_name":"Ministry of Industry and Information Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0385nmy68","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zhilei Ren","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Safety-Critical Software, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, P. R. China","School of Software, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2, Linggong Road, Ganjingzi District, Dalian City, Liaoning Province, P. R. China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Software, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2, Linggong Road, Ganjingzi District, Dalian City, Liaoning Province, P. R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Safety-Critical Software, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, P. R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9842412","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002119636","display_name":"He Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8674-4948"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27357992","display_name":"Dalian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/023hj5876","country_code":"CN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"He Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["DUT Artificial Intelligence Institute, Dalian City, Liaoning Province, P. R. China","School of Software, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2, Linggong Road, Ganjingzi District, Dalian City, Liaoning Province, P. R. China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Software, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2, Linggong Road, Ganjingzi District, Dalian City, Liaoning Province, P. R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"DUT Artificial Intelligence Institute, Dalian City, Liaoning Province, P. R. China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100393688","display_name":"Lei Qiao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2637-9683"},"institutions":[],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lei Qiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Institute of Control Engineering, No. 104, Youyi Rd. Haidian District, Beijing, P. R. China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Institute of Control Engineering, No. 104, Youyi Rd. Haidian District, Beijing, P. R. China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100407529","display_name":"Dong Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3988-7879"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27357992","display_name":"Dalian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/023hj5876","country_code":"CN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dong Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Software, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2, Linggong Road, Ganjingzi District, Dalian City, Liaoning Province, P. R. China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Software, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2, Linggong Road, Ganjingzi District, Dalian City, Liaoning Province, P. R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001859368","display_name":"Zhide Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6195-7605"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27357992","display_name":"Dalian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/023hj5876","country_code":"CN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhide Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Software, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2, Linggong Road, Ganjingzi District, Dalian City, Liaoning Province, P. R. China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Software, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2, Linggong Road, Ganjingzi District, Dalian City, Liaoning Province, P. R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101927122","display_name":"Weiqiang Kong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4338-5927"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27357992","display_name":"Dalian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/023hj5876","country_code":"CN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weiqiang Kong","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Software, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2, Linggong Road, Ganjingzi District, Dalian City, Liaoning Province, P. R. China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Software, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2, Linggong Road, Ganjingzi District, Dalian City, Liaoning Province, P. R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}]}],"institution_assertions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5063653030"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27357992","https://openalex.org/I9842412","https://openalex.org/I890469752"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.373,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.537783,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":59,"max":69},"biblio":{"volume":"32","issue":"05","first_page":"661","last_page":"691"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9998,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9998,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10743","display_name":"Software Testing and Debugging Techniques","score":0.9998,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9992,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interprocedural-optimization","display_name":"Interprocedural optimization","score":0.52332354}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169590947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47506","display_name":"Compiler","level":2,"score":0.91432375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8714533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.61827254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68366613","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5156378","display_name":"Compiler correctness","level":3,"score":0.5998503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111564260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4288856","display_name":"Interprocedural optimization","level":5,"score":0.52332354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.49345985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.36492366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29331672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3354468","display_name":"Loop optimization","level":4,"score":0.1544826}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218194022500206","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S131442419","display_name":"International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering","issn_l":"0218-1940","issn":["0218-1940","1793-6403"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_indexed_in_scopus":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.45,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"grants":[{"funder":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award_id":"62072068"}],"datasets":[],"versions":[],"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1941153250","https://openalex.org/W1966021031","https://openalex.org/W1984411619","https://openalex.org/W1987099882","https://openalex.org/W2041713059","https://openalex.org/W2064675550","https://openalex.org/W2071952624","https://openalex.org/W2091158010","https://openalex.org/W2095445208","https://openalex.org/W2138284121","https://openalex.org/W2170737051","https://openalex.org/W2370472429","https://openalex.org/W2390518826","https://openalex.org/W2414287720","https://openalex.org/W2461570336","https://openalex.org/W2511803001","https://openalex.org/W2530895108","https://openalex.org/W2532737545","https://openalex.org/W2559655401","https://openalex.org/W2612690371","https://openalex.org/W2617809069","https://openalex.org/W2741705590","https://openalex.org/W2794859654","https://openalex.org/W2808279976","https://openalex.org/W2884276923","https://openalex.org/W2895425194","https://openalex.org/W2899781671","https://openalex.org/W2904932877","https://openalex.org/W2954978134","https://openalex.org/W2962804757","https://openalex.org/W2963350015","https://openalex.org/W2963951265","https://openalex.org/W2968370566","https://openalex.org/W2999118008","https://openalex.org/W3000636126","https://openalex.org/W3011564318","https://openalex.org/W3015193297","https://openalex.org/W3034382028","https://openalex.org/W3108032709","https://openalex.org/W3122527318","https://openalex.org/W4238083723","https://openalex.org/W4245592134"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4246454774","https://openalex.org/W4232954277","https://openalex.org/W3007855180","https://openalex.org/W3000589862","https://openalex.org/W2749133591","https://openalex.org/W2354057234","https://openalex.org/W2169584677","https://openalex.org/W2121223013","https://openalex.org/W2094199724","https://openalex.org/W1713081424"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Compiler":[0],"testing":[1,30,58,112],"is":[2],"the":[3,25,60,85,100,114,134,137,181,196],"most":[4],"widely":[5],"used":[6],"way":[7],"to":[8,55,88,103,117],"assure":[9],"compiler":[10,29,57,67,119],"quality.":[11],"However,":[12],"since":[13],"compilers":[14,129],"require":[15],"a":[16,33,51,63,72,77,96],"large":[17,78],"number":[18],"of":[19,62,80,139,185,190],"sophisticated":[20],"test":[21,43,106],"programs":[22,116],"as":[23],"inputs,":[24],"existing":[26,152],"approaches":[27],"in":[28,36,99,180],"still":[31],"have":[32,122,192],"limited":[34],"capability":[35],"generating":[37],"both":[38],"syntactically":[39,90],"valid":[40,91],"and":[41,83,131,133,146,157,187],"diverse":[42,105],"programs.":[44,92,107],"In":[45,160],"this":[46],"paper,":[47],"we":[48],"propose":[49],"DeepGen,":[50],"deep":[52],"learning-based":[53],"approach":[54],"support":[56],"through":[59],"inference":[61,101],"generative":[64],"model":[65,74,87],"for":[66],"inputs.":[68],"First,":[69],"DeepGen":[70,94,109,124,142,166,174],"trains":[71],"Transformer-XL":[73],"based":[75],"on":[76,113],"corpus":[79],"seed":[81],"programs,":[82],"uses":[84],"trained":[86],"generate":[89,104],"Then,":[93],"adopts":[95],"sampling":[97],"strategy":[98],"phase":[102],"Finally,":[108],"leverages":[110],"differential":[111],"generated":[115],"discover":[118],"bugs.":[120],"We":[121],"evaluated":[123],"over":[125],"two":[126],"popular":[127],"C++":[128],"GCC":[130,186],"LLVM,":[132],"results":[135],"confirm":[136],"effectiveness":[138],"our":[140],"approach.":[141],"detects":[143],"35.29%,":[144],"53.33%,":[145],"187.50%":[147],"more":[148],"bugs":[149,163,179],"than":[150],"three":[151],"approaches,":[153],"i.e.":[154],"DeepSmith,":[155],"DeepFuzz,":[156],"Csmith,":[158],"respectively.":[159],"addition,":[161],"30.43%":[162],"detected":[164,169,177],"by":[165,170,195],"are":[167],"not":[168],"other":[171],"approaches.":[172],"Furthermore,":[173],"has":[175],"successfully":[176],"38":[178],"latest":[182],"development":[183],"versions":[184],"LLVM;":[188],"21":[189],"them":[191],"been":[193],"confirmed/fixed":[194],"developers.":[197]},"abstract_inverted_index_v3":null,"cited_by_api_url":"https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4281260410","counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-03-24T09:53:10.963629","created_date":"2022-05-23"}