{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1971442148","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.171106","title":"<title>Using projections for preclassification of character shape</title>","display_name":"<title>Using projections for preclassification of character shape</title>","publication_year":1994,"publication_date":"1994-03-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1971442148","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.171106","mag":"1971442148"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.171106","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S183492911","display_name":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","issn_l":"0277-786X","issn":["0277-786X","1996-756X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315543","host_organization_name":"SPIE","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315543"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SPIE"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false},"type":"article","type_crossref":"proceedings-article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048265453","display_name":"Angelo Marcelli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2019-2826"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210108560","display_name":"Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Napoli","ror":"https://ror.org/015kcdd40","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I160013858","https://openalex.org/I4210108560","https://openalex.org/I71267560"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Angelo Marcelli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Univ. di Napoli (Italy)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Univ. di Napoli (Italy)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210108560"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113584053","display_name":"Theo Pavlidis","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59553526","display_name":"Stony Brook University","ror":"https://ror.org/05qghxh33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59553526"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Theo Pavlidis","raw_affiliation_strings":["SUNY Stony Brook United States"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SUNY Stony Brook United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59553526"]}]}],"institution_assertions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"fulltext_origin":"ngrams","cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.514331,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":61,"max":65},"biblio":{"volume":"2181","issue":null,"first_page":"4","last_page":"13"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.9979,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.9979,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10824","display_name":"Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques","score":0.9936,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.993,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/character-encoding","display_name":"Character encoding","score":0.5262574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-character-recognition","display_name":"Optical character recognition","score":0.4453663}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.88400006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780861071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062934","display_name":"Character (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.62766886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.60694605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.6022005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.54738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90805587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10944557","display_name":"Word (group theory)","level":2,"score":0.54235107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32717103","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184759","display_name":"Character encoding","level":3,"score":0.5262574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780586882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7520643","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.503921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165064840","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321061","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.48666292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4713195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C546480517","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167555","display_name":"Optical character recognition","level":3,"score":0.4453663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.43862033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.34041217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.33418298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.096387416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.07538319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.06599632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.062123984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.171106","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S183492911","display_name":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","issn_l":"0277-786X","issn":["0277-786X","1996-756X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315543","host_organization_name":"SPIE","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315543"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SPIE"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"grants":[],"datasets":[],"versions":[],"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4377970376","https://openalex.org/W4318615658","https://openalex.org/W4243661605","https://openalex.org/W2981642579","https://openalex.org/W2966761015","https://openalex.org/W2726316100","https://openalex.org/W2341066682","https://openalex.org/W2292997772","https://openalex.org/W2055970094","https://openalex.org/W1972035260"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Simple":[0],"techniques":[1,31],"for":[2,37,82],"character":[3],"recognition":[4],"do":[5],"not":[6,112],"perform":[7],"very":[8],"well,":[9],"but":[10,18],"they":[11],"are":[12],"fast":[13],"compared":[14],"to":[15,45,70],"more":[16,20],"effective":[17],"also":[19],"complex":[21],"methods.":[22],"In":[23],"this":[24],"paper":[25],"we":[26],"describe":[27],"how":[28],"such":[29],"simple":[30],"can":[32],"be":[33],"used":[34],"as":[35],"preprocessors":[36],"eliminating":[38],"possibilities":[39],"that":[40,99],"the":[41,65,68,73,83,93,100,103],"main":[42],"classifier":[43],"has":[44],"deal":[46],"with.":[47],"This":[48],"is":[49],"achieved":[50],"in":[51],"three":[52],"different":[53],"ways:":[54],"by":[55,63,76,92,106],"attempting":[56],"a":[57,78],"segmentation":[58],"of":[59,67,80],"word":[60],"into":[61],"characters,":[62],"reducing":[64],"number":[66],"prototypes":[69],"match":[71],"with":[72],"sample,":[74],"and":[75],"providing":[77],"set":[79],"constraints":[81],"matching.":[84],"Experiments":[85],"on":[86],"an":[87],"address":[88],"data":[89],"base":[90],"provided":[91],"U.S.":[94],"Postal":[95],"Service":[96],"have":[97],"shown":[98],"method":[101],"reduces":[102],"classification":[104],"time":[105],"almost":[107],"60%,":[108],"while":[109],"it":[110],"does":[111],"introduce":[113],"any":[114],"errors.":[115]},"cited_by_api_url":"https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1971442148","counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2024-12-09T13:15:03.681918","created_date":"2016-06-24"}