{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2982551208","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wcnc.2019.8885421","title":"RF-DNA Fingerprint Classification of OFDM Signals Using a Rayleigh Fading Channel Model","display_name":"RF-DNA Fingerprint Classification of OFDM Signals Using a Rayleigh Fading Channel Model","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2982551208","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wcnc.2019.8885421","mag":"2982551208"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wcnc.2019.8885421","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607776","display_name":"2022 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_indexed_in_scopus":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false},"type":"article","type_crossref":"proceedings-article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005366137","display_name":"Mohamed K. M. Fadul","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4392-3385"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177097968","display_name":"University of Tennessee at Chattanooga","ror":"https://ror.org/00nqb1v70","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177097968"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohamed K. M. Fadul","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Tennessee at Chattanooga, Chattanooga, TN, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Tennessee at Chattanooga, Chattanooga, TN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177097968"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063905246","display_name":"Donald R. Reising","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9393-7104"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177097968","display_name":"University of Tennessee at Chattanooga","ror":"https://ror.org/00nqb1v70","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177097968"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Donald R. Reising","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Tennessee at Chattanooga, Chattanooga, TN, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Tennessee at Chattanooga, Chattanooga, TN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177097968"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028792471","display_name":"T. D. Loveless","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9833-871X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177097968","display_name":"University of Tennessee at Chattanooga","ror":"https://ror.org/00nqb1v70","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177097968"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"T. Daniel Loveless","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Tennessee at Chattanooga, Chattanooga, TN, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Tennessee at Chattanooga, Chattanooga, TN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177097968"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014289175","display_name":"Abdul R. Ofoli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9442-8208"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177097968","display_name":"University of Tennessee at Chattanooga","ror":"https://ror.org/00nqb1v70","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177097968"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdul R. Ofoli","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Tennessee at Chattanooga, Chattanooga, TN, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Tennessee at Chattanooga, Chattanooga, TN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177097968"]}]}],"institution_assertions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.056,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":27,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.886766,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"7"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12131","display_name":"Wireless Signal Modulation Classification","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12131","display_name":"Wireless Signal Modulation Classification","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10891","display_name":"Radar Systems and Signal Processing","score":0.9875,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12791","display_name":"Full-Duplex Wireless Communications","score":0.9858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel-state-information","display_name":"Channel state information","score":0.45550963}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81978471","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1196572","display_name":"Fading","level":3,"score":0.64393586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.63785446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777826928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3745713","display_name":"Fingerprint (computing)","level":2,"score":0.6087783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161218011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11827794","display_name":"Multipath propagation","level":3,"score":0.5850912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56985126","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q854039","display_name":"Rayleigh fading","level":4,"score":0.56221896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.46757463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148063708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5072511","display_name":"Channel state information","level":3,"score":0.45550963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148730421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141090","display_name":"Encryption","level":2,"score":0.44296944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.43136382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74064498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3396184","display_name":"Radio frequency","level":2,"score":0.41592807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40409654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q375889","display_name":"Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing","level":3,"score":0.4107203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.40466458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.2504243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.234806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.22663417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.122976065}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wcnc.2019.8885421","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607776","display_name":"2022 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_indexed_in_scopus":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions"}],"grants":[],"datasets":[],"versions":[],"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1506281249","https://openalex.org/W1580469463","https://openalex.org/W1891418829","https://openalex.org/W2000093279","https://openalex.org/W2004030806","https://openalex.org/W2010481082","https://openalex.org/W2016998885","https://openalex.org/W2024991751","https://openalex.org/W202623778","https://openalex.org/W2031081839","https://openalex.org/W2034840140","https://openalex.org/W2035832838","https://openalex.org/W2084351457","https://openalex.org/W2087502416","https://openalex.org/W2102142177","https://openalex.org/W2104560223","https://openalex.org/W2112338171","https://openalex.org/W2120326290","https://openalex.org/W2130467968","https://openalex.org/W2130671348","https://openalex.org/W2132820343","https://openalex.org/W2137279134","https://openalex.org/W2144411949","https://openalex.org/W2151043249","https://openalex.org/W2155886813","https://openalex.org/W2159126760","https://openalex.org/W2161420492","https://openalex.org/W2169790383","https://openalex.org/W2171074980","https://openalex.org/W2564566221","https://openalex.org/W2601844070","https://openalex.org/W4242629969","https://openalex.org/W4244494905"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W301676527","https://openalex.org/W2545273393","https://openalex.org/W2130867916","https://openalex.org/W2110793934","https://openalex.org/W2070177675","https://openalex.org/W1994554182","https://openalex.org/W1966418703","https://openalex.org/W1818073027","https://openalex.org/W1589724747","https://openalex.org/W1583202008"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"Internet":[1,8],"of":[2,7,12,26,45,94,151,156,190],"Things":[3],"is":[4,22,55,73,132],"a":[5,56,95,121,163,194],"collection":[6],"connected":[9],"devices":[10,31,48,65,117],"capable":[11],"interacting":[13],"with":[14],"the":[15,33,41,46,92,102,136,152,169,180],"physical":[16],"world":[17],"and":[18,21,40,66,124,173],"computer-based":[19],"systems":[20],"estimated":[23],"to":[24,28,37,62,110,134,147,168],"consist":[25],"20":[27],"50":[29],"billion":[30],"by":[32,60],"year":[34],"2020.":[35],"Due":[36],"these":[38,64],"numbers":[39],"fact":[42],"that":[43],"70%":[44],"edge":[47],"have":[49],"no":[50],"or":[51],"poor":[52],"encryption,":[53],"there":[54],"need":[57],"for":[58,77,183],"mechanisms":[59],"which":[61],"secure":[63],"associated":[67],"networks.":[68],"Specific":[69],"Emitter":[70],"Identification":[71],"(SEI)":[72],"one":[74],"proposed":[75],"mechanism":[76],"IoT":[78,116],"security;":[79],"however,":[80],"performance":[81,131],"within":[82,101,120,193],"multipath":[83,122],"environments":[84],"has":[85],"received":[86],"little":[87],"attention.":[88],"This":[89],"work":[90],"presents":[91],"integration":[93],"novel,":[96],"Nelder-Mead":[97],"(N-M)-based":[98],"channel":[99,198],"estimator":[100],"Radio":[103],"Frequency-Distinct":[104],"Native":[105],"Attributes":[106],"(RF-DNA)":[107],"fingerprinting":[108,139,178],"process":[109],"facilitate":[111,148],"serial":[112,153],"number":[113,154],"discrimination":[114,155],"when":[115],"are":[118,145],"operating":[119],"environment":[123],"degrading":[125],"Signal-to-Noise":[126],"Ratio.":[127],"Percent":[128],"correct":[129],"classification":[130],"used":[133],"assess":[135],"developed":[137],"RF-DNA":[138,177],"process.":[140],"Two":[141],"additional":[142],"SEI":[143,175],"approaches":[144],"assessed":[146],"comparative":[149],"analysis":[150],"four":[157],"IEEE":[158],"802.11a":[159],"Wi-Fi":[160],"radios":[161,192],"using":[162],"Rayleigh":[164,196],"fading":[165,197],"channel.":[166],"Relative":[167],"Adaptive":[170],"Compensator":[171],"(A-C)":[172],"N-M":[174],"approaches,":[176],"provides":[179],"best":[181],"means":[182],"achieving":[184],"reliable":[185],"(better":[186],"than":[187],"95%)":[188],"identification":[189],"all":[191],"L=2":[195],"at":[199],"SNR":[200],"\u2265":[201],"21":[202],"dB.":[203]},"abstract_inverted_index_v3":null,"cited_by_api_url":"https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2982551208","counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-03-22T20:14:17.752024","created_date":"2019-11-08"}