{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2155305895","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vrais.1995.512499","title":"Pen-based force display for precision manipulation in virtual environments","display_name":"Pen-based force display for precision manipulation in virtual environments","publication_year":2002,"publication_date":"2002-11-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2155305895","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vrais.1995.512499","mag":"2155305895"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vrais.1995.512499","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false},"type":"article","type_crossref":"proceedings-article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021895059","display_name":"Pietro Buttolo","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P. Buttolo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Biorobotics Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biorobotics Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074967911","display_name":"Blake Hannaford","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7370-4920"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B. Hannaford","raw_affiliation_strings":["Biorobotics Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biorobotics Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]}],"institution_assertions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":10.006,"has_fulltext":true,"fulltext_origin":"ngrams","cited_by_count":69,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.947519,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"217","last_page":"224"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11687","display_name":"Teleoperation and Haptic Systems","score":0.9996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11687","display_name":"Teleoperation and Haptic Systems","score":0.9996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10914","display_name":"Tactile and Sensory Interactions","score":0.9996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10789","display_name":"Interactive and Immersive Displays","score":0.9995,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statics","display_name":"Statics","score":0.75908697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operator","display_name":"Operator (biology)","score":0.4551544}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35441770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q169019","display_name":"Statics","level":2,"score":0.75908697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.74512875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90509273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012","display_name":"Robot","level":2,"score":0.59928083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17020691","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q139677","display_name":"Operator (biology)","level":5,"score":0.4551544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138094506","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12065277","display_name":"Parallel manipulator","level":3,"score":0.4137982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.3926386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.3680279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3204042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.07273486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74650414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11397","display_name":"Classical mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158448853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q425218","display_name":"Repressor","level":4,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86339819","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q407384","display_name":"Transcription factor","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vrais.1995.512499","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"grants":[],"datasets":[],"versions":[],"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W140917940","https://openalex.org/W1510918013","https://openalex.org/W1579630868","https://openalex.org/W1836774057","https://openalex.org/W1864838508","https://openalex.org/W1938835349","https://openalex.org/W198184540","https://openalex.org/W2107230107","https://openalex.org/W2110415563","https://openalex.org/W2121459219","https://openalex.org/W2125733851","https://openalex.org/W2134161165","https://openalex.org/W2135743384","https://openalex.org/W2141379667","https://openalex.org/W2150589514","https://openalex.org/W2480024279","https://openalex.org/W4252366120","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W40488765","https://openalex.org/W2766380307","https://openalex.org/W2390361220","https://openalex.org/W2349926997","https://openalex.org/W2349561638","https://openalex.org/W1999169606","https://openalex.org/W1992320467","https://openalex.org/W1984038133","https://openalex.org/W1981988083","https://openalex.org/W1981569946"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,18,64],"describe":[1],"the":[2,20,36,47,52,56,66,69,74,82,86,94],"structure":[3,38],"of":[4,13,22,58,93],"a":[5,59],"force":[6,87],"display":[7],"recently":[8],"implemented":[9],"for":[10,30,41,85,97],"precision":[11],"manipulation":[12],"scaled":[14],"or":[15,54],"virtual":[16],"environments.":[17],"discuss":[19],"advantages":[21],"direct-drive":[23],"parallel":[24],"manipulators":[25,29],"over":[26],"geared":[27],"serial":[28],"human-robot":[31],"interaction":[32],"application":[33,96],"and":[34,68,71],"introduce":[35,73],"serial-parallel":[37],"we":[39,90],"chose":[40],"our":[42],"robot":[43],"which":[44],"interfaces":[45],"with":[46],"human":[48],"operator":[49],"either":[50],"at":[51,55],"fingertip":[53],"tip":[57],"freely":[60],"held":[61],"pen-like":[62],"instrument.":[63],"derive":[65],"statics":[67],"dynamics,":[70],"then":[72],"optimization":[75],"criteria":[76],"that":[77],"allowed":[78],"us":[79],"to":[80],"choose":[81],"dimensional":[83],"parameters":[84],"display.":[88],"Finally":[89],"show":[91],"some":[92],"potential":[95],"this":[98],"device.":[99]},"abstract_inverted_index_v3":null,"cited_by_api_url":"https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2155305895","counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-04-21T08:07:50.951997","created_date":"2016-06-24"}