{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4375928949","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2023.3274254","title":"A Game-Theoretic Approach to Achieve Covert Communication in Cognitive Radio Systems","display_name":"A Game-Theoretic Approach to Achieve Covert Communication in Cognitive Radio Systems","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-05-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4375928949","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2023.3274254"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2023.3274254","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false},"type":"article","type_crossref":"journal-article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100697315","display_name":"Zan Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5207-6504"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zan Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks, School of Telecommunications Engineering, Xidian University, Xi'an, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks, School of Telecommunications Engineering, Xidian University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025920352","display_name":"Rui Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4820-0223"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rui Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks, School of Telecommunications Engineering, Xidian University, Xi'an, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks, School of Telecommunications Engineering, Xidian University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073757951","display_name":"Jia Shi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9940-9014"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jia Shi","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks, School of Telecommunications Engineering, Xidian University, Xi'an, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks, School of Telecommunications Engineering, Xidian University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037478980","display_name":"Long Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9363-2044"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Long Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks, School of Telecommunications Engineering, Xidian University, Xi'an, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks, School of Telecommunications Engineering, Xidian University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070464448","display_name":"Shuai Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9168-3131"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25757504","display_name":"China University of Mining and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01xt2dr21","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuai Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Control Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Control Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"]}]}],"institution_assertions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.038,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.999985,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":91},"biblio":{"volume":"72","issue":"10","first_page":"13011","last_page":"13023"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10964","display_name":"Wireless Communication Security Techniques","score":0.9997,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10964","display_name":"Wireless Communication Security Techniques","score":0.9997,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10579","display_name":"Cognitive Radio Networks and Spectrum Sensing","score":0.9985,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10796","display_name":"Cooperative Communication and Network Coding","score":0.9899,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/covert","display_name":"Covert","score":0.7413351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmitter-power-output","display_name":"Transmitter power output","score":0.42824438}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149946192","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3235733","display_name":"Cognitive radio","level":3,"score":0.90151983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779338814","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5179285","display_name":"Covert","level":2,"score":0.7413351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.64216053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47798520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190157","display_name":"Transmitter","level":3,"score":0.60210705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177142836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44455","display_name":"Game theory","level":2,"score":0.48823813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.48509204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.45075908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206729178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2271896","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","level":2,"score":0.43944663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65422117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q358527","display_name":"Transmitter power output","level":4,"score":0.42824438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.42641652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.25648612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.23980245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.19085655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.13008302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144237770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747534","display_name":"Mathematical economics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2023.3274254","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.66,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"grants":[{"funder":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award_id":"61971320"},{"funder":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award_id":"61901327"},{"funder":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award_id":"62101450"}],"datasets":[],"versions":[],"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1492251543","https://openalex.org/W1501927577","https://openalex.org/W2049436509","https://openalex.org/W2055044375","https://openalex.org/W2060500262","https://openalex.org/W2091271483","https://openalex.org/W2098346479","https://openalex.org/W2170470787","https://openalex.org/W2260411392","https://openalex.org/W2343810150","https://openalex.org/W2506174538","https://openalex.org/W2562742260","https://openalex.org/W2566750239","https://openalex.org/W2594393372","https://openalex.org/W2734657651","https://openalex.org/W2782912861","https://openalex.org/W2790990878","https://openalex.org/W2807910825","https://openalex.org/W2886707305","https://openalex.org/W2890266851","https://openalex.org/W2907997730","https://openalex.org/W2946686343","https://openalex.org/W2950582173","https://openalex.org/W2964286662","https://openalex.org/W2964289634","https://openalex.org/W3009469272","https://openalex.org/W3011611862","https://openalex.org/W3016365515","https://openalex.org/W3019478351","https://openalex.org/W3025456008","https://openalex.org/W3092601664","https://openalex.org/W3097665807","https://openalex.org/W3102424709","https://openalex.org/W3103461411","https://openalex.org/W3133597210","https://openalex.org/W3201324902","https://openalex.org/W3206417983","https://openalex.org/W3210852996","https://openalex.org/W3212250153","https://openalex.org/W4206223930","https://openalex.org/W4206654732","https://openalex.org/W4210272843","https://openalex.org/W4210425517","https://openalex.org/W4285123909","https://openalex.org/W4312283188"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W59120657","https://openalex.org/W3193940080","https://openalex.org/W3091795725","https://openalex.org/W2995861515","https://openalex.org/W2512536427","https://openalex.org/W2384509413","https://openalex.org/W2325128397","https://openalex.org/W2121601714","https://openalex.org/W2075530143","https://openalex.org/W1531121096"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,33],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"we":[3,61,88,108],"investigate":[4],"a":[5,45,90,118],"covert":[6,59,110],"cooperative":[7],"cognitive":[8],"radio":[9],"(CCCR)":[10],"system,":[11],"where":[12],"multiple":[13,23,100],"primary":[14],"transmitters":[15,25],"(PTs)":[16],"transmit":[17],"information":[18,43],"with":[19],"the":[20,50,85,113,130,149,153],"aid":[21],"of":[22,52,112],"secondary":[24,46,92],"(STs)":[26],"in":[27,49,70],"order":[28],"to":[29,44,57,97,103],"conserve":[30],"power":[31],"consumption.":[32],"return,":[34],"by":[35,141],"opportunistically":[36],"accessing":[37],"PT's":[38],"spectrum,":[39],"STs":[40,101],"send":[41],"confidential":[42],"receiver":[47],"(SR)":[48],"presence":[51],"external":[53],"eavesdropper":[54],"(Eve).":[55],"Aiming":[56],"maximize":[58],"rate,":[60],"model":[62],"our":[63],"CCCR":[64],"framework":[65],"as":[66],"an":[67],"evolutionary":[68,86],"game":[69],"which":[71,159],"each":[72],"PT":[73],"and":[74,116,145],"ST":[75],"make":[76],"decisions":[77],"based":[78],"on":[79],"their":[80],"utility":[81],"histories.":[82],"By":[83],"introducing":[84],"game,":[87],"propose":[89],"game-oriented":[91],"user":[93],"scheduling":[94],"(G-SUS)":[95],"scheme":[96,115,155],"find":[98],"when":[99],"determine":[102],"access":[104],"PTs'":[105],"spectrum.":[106],"Moreover,":[107],"analyze":[109],"performance":[111],"proposed":[114,154],"obtain":[117],"closed-form":[119],"expression":[120],"for":[121],"Eve's":[122],"detection":[123,132],"error":[124,133],"probability.":[125],"Numerical":[126],"results":[127,150],"show":[128],"that,":[129],"minimal":[131],"probability":[134],"at":[135],"Eve":[136],"can":[137,156],"be":[138],"effectively":[139],"impacted":[140],"creating":[142],"channel":[143],"uncertainty":[144],"noise":[146],"uncertainty.":[147],"Furthermore,":[148],"also":[151],"demonstrate":[152],"converge":[157],"quickly,":[158],"stimulates":[160],"its":[161],"practical":[162],"implementation.":[163]},"cited_by_api_url":"https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4375928949","counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2024-12-14T04:58:07.627156","created_date":"2023-05-10"}