{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4387415156","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2023.3322476","title":"Toward Characterizing 3-D Microwave Field With Microscale Resolution Using Nitrogen-Vacancy Centers in Diamond","display_name":"Toward Characterizing 3-D Microwave Field With Microscale Resolution Using Nitrogen-Vacancy Centers in Diamond","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4387415156","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2023.3322476"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2023.3322476","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false},"type":"article","type_crossref":"journal-article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033922806","display_name":"Ding Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2112-5170"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135714990","display_name":"North University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/047bp1713","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135714990"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ding Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Instrument Science and Dynamic Testing Ministry of Education, North University of China and the Key Lab of Quantum Sensing and Precision Measurement, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Instrument Science and Dynamic Testing Ministry of Education, North University of China and the Key Lab of Quantum Sensing and Precision Measurement, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135714990"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026199259","display_name":"Huan Fei Wen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2972-9669"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135714990","display_name":"North University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/047bp1713","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135714990"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huan Fei Wen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Instrument Science and Dynamic Testing Ministry of Education, North University of China and the Key Lab of Quantum Sensing and Precision Measurement, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Instrument Science and Dynamic Testing Ministry of Education, North University of China and the Key Lab of Quantum Sensing and Precision Measurement, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135714990"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084788465","display_name":"Xin Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2594-5946"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135714990","display_name":"North University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/047bp1713","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135714990"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xin Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Instrument Science and Dynamic Testing Ministry of Education, North University of China and the Key Lab of Quantum Sensing and Precision Measurement, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Instrument Science and Dynamic Testing Ministry of Education, North University of China and the Key Lab of Quantum Sensing and Precision Measurement, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135714990"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102025866","display_name":"Y. W. Jin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-1333-7777"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135714990","display_name":"North University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/047bp1713","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135714990"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuchong Jin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Instrument Science and Dynamic Testing Ministry of Education, North University of China and the Key Lab of Quantum Sensing and Precision Measurement, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Instrument Science and Dynamic Testing Ministry of Education, North University of China and the Key Lab of Quantum Sensing and Precision Measurement, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135714990"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050614049","display_name":"Wenyuan Hao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3595-0263"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135714990","display_name":"North University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/047bp1713","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135714990"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenyuan Hao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Instrument Science and Dynamic Testing Ministry of Education, North University of China and the Key Lab of Quantum Sensing and Precision Measurement, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Instrument Science and Dynamic Testing Ministry of Education, North University of China and the Key Lab of Quantum Sensing and Precision Measurement, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135714990"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047109534","display_name":"Ziheng Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-9758-1536"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135714990","display_name":"North University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/047bp1713","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135714990"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ziheng Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Instrument Science and Dynamic Testing Ministry of Education, North University of China and the Key Lab of Quantum Sensing and Precision Measurement, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Instrument Science and Dynamic Testing Ministry of Education, North University of China and the Key Lab of Quantum Sensing and Precision Measurement, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135714990"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100601305","display_name":"Yanjie Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-1908-9764"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135714990","display_name":"North University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/047bp1713","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135714990"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yanjie Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Instrument Science and Dynamic Testing Ministry of Education, North University of China and the Key Lab of Quantum Sensing and Precision Measurement, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Instrument Science and Dynamic Testing Ministry of Education, North University of China and the Key Lab of Quantum Sensing and Precision Measurement, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135714990"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037150766","display_name":"Zhonghao Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1513-7048"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135714990","display_name":"North University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/047bp1713","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135714990"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhonghao Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Instrument Science and Dynamic Testing Ministry of Education, North University of China and the Key Lab of Quantum Sensing and Precision Measurement, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Instrument Science and Dynamic Testing Ministry of Education, North University of China and the Key Lab of Quantum Sensing and Precision Measurement, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135714990"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100641598","display_name":"Hao Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4634-8849"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135714990","display_name":"North University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/047bp1713","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135714990"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hao Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Instrument Science and Dynamic Testing Ministry of Education, North University of China and the Key Lab of Quantum Sensing and Precision Measurement, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Instrument Science and Dynamic Testing Ministry of Education, North University of China and the Key Lab of Quantum Sensing and Precision Measurement, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135714990"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101429290","display_name":"Zongmin Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7839-6450"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135714990","display_name":"North University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/047bp1713","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135714990"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zongmin Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Instrument Science and Dynamic Testing Ministry of Education, North University of China and the Key Lab of Quantum Sensing and Precision Measurement, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Instrument Science and Dynamic Testing Ministry of Education, North University of China and the Key Lab of Quantum Sensing and Precision Measurement, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135714990"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022321254","display_name":"Jun Tang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5038-2241"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135714990","display_name":"North University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/047bp1713","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135714990"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jun Tang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Instrument Science and Dynamic Testing Ministry of Education, North University of China and the Key Lab of Quantum Sensing and Precision Measurement, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Instrument Science and Dynamic Testing Ministry of Education, North University of China and the Key Lab of Quantum Sensing and Precision Measurement, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135714990"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112857188","display_name":"Jun Liu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135714990","display_name":"North University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/047bp1713","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135714990"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jun Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Instrument Science and Dynamic Testing Ministry of Education, North University of China and the Key Lab of Quantum Sensing and Precision Measurement, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Instrument Science and Dynamic Testing Ministry of Education, North University of China and the Key Lab of Quantum Sensing and Precision Measurement, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135714990"]}]}],"institution_assertions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.431,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.438037,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":91},"biblio":{"volume":"72","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"7"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10478","display_name":"Diamond Nanotechnology and Applications","score":0.9989,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10478","display_name":"Diamond Nanotechnology and Applications","score":0.9989,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12466","display_name":"Photonic Nanojet Enhancement and Applications","score":0.9982,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11414","display_name":"Slow Light Propagation and Quantum Memory","score":0.9981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microsphere-assisted-techniques","display_name":"Microsphere-Assisted Techniques","score":0.505474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/laser-linewidth","display_name":"Laser linewidth","score":0.47110158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microwave-imaging","display_name":"Microwave imaging","score":0.44281557}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44838205","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q127995","display_name":"Microwave","level":2,"score":0.7043784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776921476","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5283","display_name":"Diamond","level":2,"score":0.6854459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165005293","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074500","display_name":"Chip","level":2,"score":0.54073465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.5108895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.4795984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142181693","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6493080","display_name":"Laser linewidth","level":3,"score":0.47110158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779885931","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17010029","display_name":"Microwave imaging","level":3,"score":0.44281557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.42672166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.42406118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.4187747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.31677103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.1482158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.12345913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1070627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520434653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38867","display_name":"Laser","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2023.3322476","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"grants":[{"funder":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award_id":"51821003"},{"funder":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award_id":"52275551"},{"funder":"https://openalex.org/F4320321884","funder_display_name":"Shanxi Scholarship Council of China","award_id":"2021\u2013117"},{"funder":"https://openalex.org/F4320328896","funder_display_name":"Fund for Shanxi Key Subjects Construction","award_id":null}],"datasets":[],"versions":[],"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1496217165","https://openalex.org/W1972134761","https://openalex.org/W1989596474","https://openalex.org/W2019363571","https://openalex.org/W2049536013","https://openalex.org/W2055352866","https://openalex.org/W2070337544","https://openalex.org/W2080859977","https://openalex.org/W2113751765","https://openalex.org/W2121258779","https://openalex.org/W2142305739","https://openalex.org/W2319075132","https://openalex.org/W2381473037","https://openalex.org/W2477053928","https://openalex.org/W2904806029","https://openalex.org/W2970324215","https://openalex.org/W2971001611","https://openalex.org/W3012380086","https://openalex.org/W3099645111","https://openalex.org/W3102118688","https://openalex.org/W3104064601","https://openalex.org/W3115949544","https://openalex.org/W3125276235","https://openalex.org/W3168872109","https://openalex.org/W4205455431","https://openalex.org/W4224325568","https://openalex.org/W4228999126","https://openalex.org/W4244425704","https://openalex.org/W4313535905","https://openalex.org/W4321016390","https://openalex.org/W4377694043"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3093385388","https://openalex.org/W2467261880","https://openalex.org/W2217754805","https://openalex.org/W2133607799","https://openalex.org/W2107497276","https://openalex.org/W2081219238","https://openalex.org/W2032164399","https://openalex.org/W2005480629","https://openalex.org/W2004658011","https://openalex.org/W1987909485"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Measurement":[0],"of":[1,8,14,20,28,63,68,100,106,116],"radio":[2],"frequency":[3],"chip":[4,29,95,107],"microwave":[5,33,78,86,104],"field":[6,34,105],"is":[7,125],"great":[9],"importance":[10],"for":[11,138],"the":[12,18,26,47,55,61,64,69,76,84,120],"manufacture":[13],"precision":[15],"instruments":[16],"and":[17,46,83,119,142],"development":[19],"integrated":[21],"circuits.":[22],"In":[23],"this":[24],"paper,":[25],"characterization":[27],"surface":[30],"three-dimensional":[31],"(3D)":[32],"distribution":[35],"was":[36,51,72,109],"realized":[37],"with":[38,96,112],"high-resolution":[39],"based":[40,145],"on":[41,146],"diamond":[42],"nitrogen-vacancy":[43],"(NV)":[44],"centers,":[45],"field-image":[48],"separation":[49],"technique":[50],"developed":[52],"to":[53],"suppress":[54],"stray":[56],"light":[57],"noise":[58],"caused":[59],"by":[60,74,92],"reflection":[62],"chip.":[65],"The":[66,103,132],"feasibility":[67],"proposed":[70],"method":[71],"verified":[73],"characterizing":[75],"planar":[77],"fields":[79,87],"at":[80,88],"different":[81,89],"powers":[82],"3D":[85],"frequencies":[90],"radiated":[91],"an":[93],"antenna":[94,139],"a":[97,113,135],"characteristic":[98],"linewidth":[99],"100":[101],"\u03bcm.":[102],"radiation":[108,140],"accurately":[110],"reconstructed":[111],"vertical":[114],"resolution":[115],"30":[117],"\u03bcm,":[118],"optimal":[121],"NV":[122],"detection":[123,141,148],"sensitivity":[124],"0.8":[126],"nT/Hz":[127],"1/2":[130],".":[131],"results":[133],"provide":[134],"new":[136],"approach":[137],"on-chip":[143],"measurement":[144],"quantum":[147],"techniques.":[149]},"cited_by_api_url":"https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4387415156","counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2024-12-04T15:50:16.736751","created_date":"2023-10-07"}