{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4285283480","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tg.2022.3179842","title":"Keep Calm and Aim for the Head: Biofeedback-Controlled Dynamic Difficulty Adjustment in a Horror Game","display_name":"Keep Calm and Aim for the Head: Biofeedback-Controlled Dynamic Difficulty Adjustment in a Horror Game","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-06-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4285283480","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tg.2022.3179842"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tg.2022.3179842","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210224842","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Games","issn_l":"2475-1502","issn":["2475-1502","2475-1510"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_indexed_in_scopus":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false},"type":"article","type_crossref":"journal-article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075183069","display_name":"Paraschos Moschovitis","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180825142","display_name":"City, University of London","ror":"https://ror.org/04489at23","country_code":"GB","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I180825142","https://openalex.org/I4401726869"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paraschos Moschovitis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, City, University of London, London, U.K."],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, City, University of London, London, U.K.","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180825142"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069970393","display_name":"Alena Denisova","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1497-5808"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180825142","display_name":"City, University of London","ror":"https://ror.org/04489at23","country_code":"GB","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I180825142","https://openalex.org/I4401726869"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52099693","display_name":"University of York","ror":"https://ror.org/04m01e293","country_code":"GB","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52099693"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alena Denisova","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, City, University of London, London, U.K.","Department of Computer Science, the University of York, York, U.K."],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, City, University of London, London, U.K.","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180825142"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, the University of York, York, U.K.","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52099693"]}]}],"institution_assertions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.912,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82448,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"3","first_page":"368","last_page":"377"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13283","display_name":"Mental Health Research Topics","score":0.9983,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13283","display_name":"Mental Health Research Topics","score":0.9983,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13219","display_name":"Mind wandering and attention","score":0.9977,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11542","display_name":"Behavioral Health and Interventions","score":0.9942,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3202","display_name":"Applied Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/performative-utterance","display_name":"Performative utterance","score":0.6498395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biofeedback","display_name":"Biofeedback","score":0.6255388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/video-game","display_name":"Video game","score":0.5922756}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122980154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205555","display_name":"Feeling","level":2,"score":0.73219836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134141054","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q965415","display_name":"Performative utterance","level":2,"score":0.6498395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776377089","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q864329","display_name":"Biofeedback","level":2,"score":0.6255388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018412434","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7889","display_name":"Video game","level":2,"score":0.5922756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.48685426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.4485407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.4399297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.4270854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170828538","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1751513","display_name":"Game mechanics","level":2,"score":0.4256852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.32685763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49774154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131765","display_name":"Multimedia","level":1,"score":0.32187515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.31780082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107038049","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35986","display_name":"Aesthetics","level":1,"score":0.23843917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.074046284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tg.2022.3179842","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210224842","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Games","issn_l":"2475-1502","issn":["2475-1502","2475-1510"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_indexed_in_scopus":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.83,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions"}],"grants":[],"datasets":[],"versions":[],"referenced_works_count":43,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W179608222","https://openalex.org/W1995864665","https://openalex.org/W2003215225","https://openalex.org/W2005451131","https://openalex.org/W2024497169","https://openalex.org/W2030535845","https://openalex.org/W2040820483","https://openalex.org/W2045948237","https://openalex.org/W2050787672","https://openalex.org/W2058521288","https://openalex.org/W2068151495","https://openalex.org/W2099552060","https://openalex.org/W2108631245","https://openalex.org/W2115205578","https://openalex.org/W2122517769","https://openalex.org/W2127355726","https://openalex.org/W2134712360","https://openalex.org/W2141104189","https://openalex.org/W2150454725","https://openalex.org/W2204218474","https://openalex.org/W2293764747","https://openalex.org/W2405860251","https://openalex.org/W2407908822","https://openalex.org/W2430553295","https://openalex.org/W2511104380","https://openalex.org/W2529466874","https://openalex.org/W2531338250","https://openalex.org/W2532080610","https://openalex.org/W2534749489","https://openalex.org/W2605765539","https://openalex.org/W2611228102","https://openalex.org/W2615397465","https://openalex.org/W2890644395","https://openalex.org/W2913940485","https://openalex.org/W2941753198","https://openalex.org/W2977483766","https://openalex.org/W2982198452","https://openalex.org/W2996368260","https://openalex.org/W3005263455","https://openalex.org/W3025887383","https://openalex.org/W3095963481","https://openalex.org/W3161025727","https://openalex.org/W4293872590"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4361017495","https://openalex.org/W4315646776","https://openalex.org/W3188786250","https://openalex.org/W3103613970","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2528071591","https://openalex.org/W2099510364","https://openalex.org/W2056512044","https://openalex.org/W2001544918"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Who":[0],"said":[1],"that":[2,123],"violent":[3],"video":[4,164],"games":[5],"cannot":[6],"promote":[7],"calm":[8,27],"behavior?":[9],"Could":[10],"we":[11,45],"reverse":[12],"engineer":[13],"the":[14,23,37,40,56,62,65,68,73,77,81,87,111,129,141,146,151,154],"difficulty":[15,63,74,117],"system":[16],"of":[17,39,64,89,140,144],"a":[18,47],"horror":[19,48],"game":[20,113,165],"to":[21,25,30,60,110,134],"encourage":[22],"player":[24,69,82],"stay":[26],"as":[28,101,103],"opposed":[29],"feeling":[31],"under":[32],"constant":[33],"pressure?":[34],"To":[35],"explore":[36],"feasibility":[38],"approach":[41,92],"and":[42,76,98,167,172],"its":[43],"effectiveness,":[44],"created":[46],"game,":[49],"Caroline":[52],",":[53],"which":[54],"uses":[55],"player's":[57],"biometric":[58],"data":[59],"adapt":[61],"game:":[66],"if":[67,80],"is":[70,83],"too":[71],"stressed,":[72],"increases,":[75],"opposite":[78],"happens":[79],"relaxed.":[84],"We":[85,157],"explored":[86],"effect":[88],"such":[90],"an":[91],"on":[93],"players'":[94],"cognitive,":[95],"emotional,":[96],"performative,":[97],"decision-making":[99,155],"challenge":[100],"well":[102],"their":[104,135],"intrinsic":[105],"motivation":[106],"by":[107,150],"comparing":[108],"it":[109],"base":[112],"without":[114],"any":[115],"dynamic":[116],"adjustment":[118],"(DDA).":[119],"Our":[120],"results":[121],"showed":[122],"players":[124],"felt":[125],"more":[126],"motivated":[127],"when":[128],"gameplay":[130],"was":[131,153],"adjusted":[132],"according":[133],"heart":[136],"rate.":[137],"However,":[138],"out":[139],"four":[142],"types":[143],"challenge,":[145],"only":[147],"one":[148],"affected":[149],"DDA":[152],"challenge.":[156],"discuss":[158],"what":[159],"these":[160],"findings":[161],"mean":[162],"for":[163,175],"design":[166],"research":[168],"into":[169],"affective":[170],"computing":[171],"provide":[173],"suggestions":[174],"future":[176],"research.":[177]},"abstract_inverted_index_v3":null,"cited_by_api_url":"https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4285283480","counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-03-18T13:57:56.852545","created_date":"2022-07-14"}