{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2516728416","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/scc.2016.99","title":"A Top-Down Pricing Algorithm for IT Service Contracts Using Lower Level Service Data","display_name":"A Top-Down Pricing Algorithm for IT Service Contracts Using Lower Level Service Data","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2516728416","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/scc.2016.99","mag":"2516728416"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/scc.2016.99","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false},"type":"article","type_crossref":"proceedings-article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040198979","display_name":"Kugamoorthy Gajananan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145865","display_name":"IBM Research - Tokyo","ror":"https://ror.org/04915qk43","country_code":"JP","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210114115","https://openalex.org/I4210145865"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kugamoorthy Gajananan","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Research - Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Research - Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145865"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074701480","display_name":"Aly Megahed","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1819-2624"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210085935","display_name":"IBM Research - Almaden","ror":"https://ror.org/005w8dd04","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210085935","https://openalex.org/I4210114115"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aly Megahed","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Research - Almaden Research Center, San Jose, California, United States"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Research - Almaden Research Center, San Jose, California, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210085935"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062089065","display_name":"Mari Abe","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210085935","display_name":"IBM Research - Almaden","ror":"https://ror.org/005w8dd04","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210085935","https://openalex.org/I4210114115"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mari Abe","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Research - Almaden Research Center, San Jose, California, United States"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Research - Almaden Research Center, San Jose, California, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210085935"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074644024","display_name":"Taiga Nakamura","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145865","display_name":"IBM Research - Tokyo","ror":"https://ror.org/04915qk43","country_code":"JP","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210114115","https://openalex.org/I4210145865"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Taiga Nakamura","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tokyo Software & Systems Development Lab, IBM Japan Ltd., Tokyo, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tokyo Software & Systems Development Lab, IBM Japan Ltd., Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145865"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049938177","display_name":"Mark M. Smith","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4153-4335"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121844","display_name":"IBM (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/02wat9f69","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210121844"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mark Smith","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Global Technology Service, North Harbour, Hampshire, United Kingdom"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Global Technology Service, North Harbour, Hampshire, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210121844"]}]}],"institution_assertions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.935,"has_fulltext":true,"fulltext_origin":"ngrams","cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.777134,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":88},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11182","display_name":"Auction Theory and Applications","score":0.9995,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11182","display_name":"Auction Theory and Applications","score":0.9995,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11161","display_name":"Consumer Market Behavior and Pricing","score":0.9939,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1406","display_name":"Marketing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12288","display_name":"Optimization and Search Problems","score":0.9884,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/service-level","display_name":"Service level","score":0.44599605}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.727044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780378061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351891","display_name":"Service (business)","level":2,"score":0.55852264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181889124","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380204","display_name":"Service level","level":2,"score":0.44599605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31170391","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188619","display_name":"Hierarchy","level":2,"score":0.43397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116537","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2169973","display_name":"Service provider","level":3,"score":0.4201451},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42475967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194292","display_name":"Operations research","level":1,"score":0.4056235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.14942831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.14261019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.09758383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.087135166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34447519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179522","display_name":"Market economy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/scc.2016.99","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","score":0.44,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8"}],"grants":[],"datasets":[],"versions":[],"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1494846538","https://openalex.org/W1508258763","https://openalex.org/W1533877311","https://openalex.org/W1561604082","https://openalex.org/W1964492736","https://openalex.org/W1972425845","https://openalex.org/W1977082793","https://openalex.org/W1999333828","https://openalex.org/W1999717333","https://openalex.org/W2000309939","https://openalex.org/W2040903382","https://openalex.org/W2048713987","https://openalex.org/W2060602711","https://openalex.org/W2092709716","https://openalex.org/W2104927295","https://openalex.org/W2135682111","https://openalex.org/W2144468536","https://openalex.org/W2403652313","https://openalex.org/W2793129321","https://openalex.org/W3016206019"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3046929440","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2386767533","https://openalex.org/W2371447506","https://openalex.org/W2130966263","https://openalex.org/W2081336949","https://openalex.org/W2069179942","https://openalex.org/W2057623054","https://openalex.org/W2003465964"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Information":[0],"technology":[1],"(IT)":[2],"service":[3,25,96],"providers":[4],"competing":[5],"for":[6,90,161],"high":[7,72],"valued":[8],"contracts":[9],"need":[10],"to":[11,22,75,107],"produce":[12],"a":[13,54],"compelling":[14],"proposal":[15],"with":[16,168],"competitive":[17],"price.":[18],"The":[19,98],"traditional":[20],"approach":[21,61,137],"pricing":[23,60,88,92],"IT":[24],"deals,":[26,131],"which":[27],"builds":[28],"up":[29],"the":[30,34,94,118,135],"bottom-up":[31],"costs":[32],"from":[33],"hierarchy":[35],"of":[36,53,67,102],"services,":[37,162],"is":[38],"often":[39],"time":[40],"consuming,":[41],"resource":[42],"intensive,":[43],"and":[44,64,69,77,120,129,132],"only":[45],"available":[46],"late":[47],"as":[48],"it":[49],"requires":[50,113],"granular":[51],"information":[52],"solution.":[55],"Recent":[56],"work":[57],"on":[58,124,127],"top-down":[59,91],"enables":[62],"efficient":[63],"early":[65],"estimates":[66],"cost":[68],"prices":[70],"using":[71,93,158],"level":[73,105],"services":[74,106],"overcome":[76],"complement":[78],"these":[79],"problems.":[80],"In":[81,143],"this":[82],"paper,":[83],"we":[84,145],"describe":[85],"an":[86],"extended":[87],"method":[89,99],"secondary":[95],"level.":[97],"makes":[100],"use":[101],"data":[103,126,151,160],"lower":[104],"calculate":[108],"improved":[109],"estimates,":[110],"yet":[111],"still":[112],"minimal":[114],"input.":[115],"We":[116],"compare":[117],"previous":[119,172],"new":[121,136],"approaches":[122],"based":[123],"industrial":[125],"historical":[128,150],"market":[130,159],"demonstrate":[133],"that":[134,148],"can":[138],"generate":[139],"more":[140,154],"accurate":[141,155],"estimates.":[142],"addition,":[144],"also":[146],"show":[147],"mining":[149],"would":[152],"yield":[153],"estimation":[156],"than":[157],"experimental":[163],"results":[164],"are":[165],"in":[166,171],"consistent":[167],"our":[169],"findings":[170],"work.":[173]},"cited_by_api_url":"https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2516728416","counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2024-12-15T16:52:22.455040","created_date":"2016-09-16"}