{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2127373776","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iwfhr.2004.21","title":"Automatic Segmentation of Unconstrained Handwritten Numeral Strings","display_name":"Automatic Segmentation of Unconstrained Handwritten Numeral Strings","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-12-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2127373776","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iwfhr.2004.21","mag":"2127373776"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iwfhr.2004.21","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false},"type":"article","type_crossref":"proceedings-article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002253076","display_name":"Javad Sadri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1383-1204"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60158472","display_name":"Concordia University","ror":"https://ror.org/0420zvk78","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60158472"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. Sadri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Pattern Recognition & Machine Intelligence, Concordia Univ., Montreal, Que., Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Pattern Recognition & Machine Intelligence, Concordia Univ., Montreal, Que., Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60158472"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059479627","display_name":"Ching Y. Suen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1209-7631"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60158472","display_name":"Concordia University","ror":"https://ror.org/0420zvk78","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60158472"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C.Y. Suen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Pattern Recognition & Machine Intelligence, Concordia Univ., Montreal, Que., Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Pattern Recognition & Machine Intelligence, Concordia Univ., Montreal, Que., Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60158472"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101511820","display_name":"Tien D. Bui","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6005-4375"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60158472","display_name":"Concordia University","ror":"https://ror.org/0420zvk78","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60158472"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"T.D. Bui","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Pattern Recognition & Machine Intelligence, Concordia Univ., Montreal, Que., Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Pattern Recognition & Machine Intelligence, Concordia Univ., Montreal, Que., Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60158472"]}]}],"institution_assertions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.449,"has_fulltext":true,"fulltext_origin":"ngrams","cited_by_count":20,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.76087,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":86,"max":87},"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":null,"first_page":"317","last_page":"322"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.9999,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.9999,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10824","display_name":"Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques","score":0.9976,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14339","display_name":"Image Processing and 3D Reconstruction","score":0.9966,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/connected-component-labeling","display_name":"Connected-component labeling","score":0.61215454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.5719749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/connected-component","display_name":"Connected component","score":0.57155246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tracing","display_name":"Tracing","score":0.49148118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/numeral-system","display_name":"Numeral system","score":0.48185194}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.7842629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.71556455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.67701685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6742849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58737948","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3136397","display_name":"Connected-component labeling","level":5,"score":0.61215454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64543145","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162942","display_name":"Intersection (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.5811794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5719749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193435613","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2997928","display_name":"Connected component","level":2,"score":0.57155246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124504099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56933","display_name":"Image segmentation","level":3,"score":0.50349635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138673069","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q322229","display_name":"Tracing","level":2,"score":0.49148118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140745168","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1210082","display_name":"Tree traversal","level":2,"score":0.4864609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204160518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q122653","display_name":"Numeral system","level":2,"score":0.48185194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.48136145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.36732614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65885262","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7429708","display_name":"Scale-space segmentation","level":4,"score":0.32654423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.17805848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iwfhr.2004.21","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.73}],"grants":[],"datasets":[],"versions":[],"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2019676475","https://openalex.org/W2039367092","https://openalex.org/W2064194361","https://openalex.org/W2066262955","https://openalex.org/W2101835200","https://openalex.org/W2105023627","https://openalex.org/W2126738248","https://openalex.org/W2126835830","https://openalex.org/W2147406910","https://openalex.org/W2158957762"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2871443533","https://openalex.org/W2766329551","https://openalex.org/W2606438808","https://openalex.org/W2378792248","https://openalex.org/W2378232816","https://openalex.org/W2170080636","https://openalex.org/W2060330626","https://openalex.org/W1980767234","https://openalex.org/W1568952724","https://openalex.org/W1568383588"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"new":[1,80],"method":[2,139],"of":[3,17,42,87,131,144,163],"segmenting":[4],"unconstrained":[5],"handwritten":[6],"numeral":[7,157],"strings":[8],"is":[9,12,38,46,82,125,159],"proposed.":[10,83],"It":[11],"based":[13,34,127],"on":[14,35,64,128],"the":[15,29,65,129,164],"extracting":[16],"foreground":[18,26,70,110],"and":[19,50,53,89,109,134,166],"background":[20,77,93,101,103],"features.":[21],"In":[22,73],"order":[23,74],"to":[24,68,75,116],"find":[25,76],"features":[27],"for":[28,148,161],"first":[30],"time":[31],"an":[32],"algorithm":[33,81],"skeleton":[36,41],"tracing":[37],"introduced.":[39],"The":[40,152],"each":[43,60,122],"connected":[44,136],"component":[45],"traversed":[47],"in":[48,59],"clockwise":[49],"anti-clockwise":[51],"directions,":[52],"intersection":[54],"points":[55,105,112],"which":[56],"are":[57,62,95,106,113],"visited":[58],"traversal,":[61],"mapped":[63],"outer":[66],"contour":[67],"form":[69],"feature":[71,104,111],"points.":[72],"features,":[78],"another":[79],"Considering":[84],"vertical":[85],"projections":[86],"top":[88],"bottom":[90],"profiles,":[91],"two":[92,100],"skeletons":[94],"found.":[96],"After":[97],"processing":[98],"these":[99],"skeletons,":[102],"extracted.":[107],"Background":[108],"assigned":[114],"together":[115],"construct":[117],"candidate":[118],"segmentation":[119,123,146],"paths.":[120],"Finally":[121],"path":[124],"evaluated":[126],"properties":[130],"its":[132],"left":[133],"right":[135],"components.":[137],"Our":[138],"can":[140],"provide":[141],"a":[142,169],"list":[143],"good":[145],"hypotheses":[147],"segmentation-based":[149],"recognition":[150],"systems.":[151],"NIST":[153],"SD19":[154],"database":[155],"(handwritten":[156],"strings)":[158],"used":[160],"evaluating":[162],"method,":[165],"experiments":[167],"show":[168],"very":[170],"promising":[171],"result.":[172]},"cited_by_api_url":"https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2127373776","counts_by_year":[{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2024-12-13T01:47:18.818237","created_date":"2016-06-24"}