{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1564692875","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iwfhr.2004.101","title":"The Clustering Technique for Thai Handwritten Recognition","display_name":"The Clustering Technique for Thai Handwritten Recognition","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-12-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1564692875","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iwfhr.2004.101","mag":"1564692875"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iwfhr.2004.101","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false},"type":"article","type_crossref":"proceedings-article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085899871","display_name":"Ithipan Methasate","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1332092204","display_name":"National Science and Technology Development Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/04vy95b61","country_code":"TH","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1332092204"]}],"countries":["TH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"I. Methasate","raw_affiliation_strings":["Div. of Information Res. & Dev., Nat. Sci. & Technol. Dev. Agency, Pathumthani, Thailand"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Div. of Information Res. & Dev., Nat. Sci. & Technol. Dev. Agency, Pathumthani, Thailand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1332092204"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067031905","display_name":"Sutat Sae-Tang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1332092204","display_name":"National Science and Technology Development Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/04vy95b61","country_code":"TH","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1332092204"]}],"countries":["TH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Sae-tang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Div. of Information Res. & Dev., Nat. Sci. & Technol. Dev. Agency, Pathumthani, Thailand"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Div. of Information Res. & Dev., Nat. Sci. & Technol. Dev. Agency, Pathumthani, Thailand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1332092204"]}]}],"institution_assertions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.207,"has_fulltext":true,"fulltext_origin":"ngrams","cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.725425,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":82,"max":83},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"450","last_page":"454"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.9996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.9996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14339","display_name":"Image Processing and 3D Reconstruction","score":0.9973,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10824","display_name":"Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques","score":0.9941,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/confusion-matrix","display_name":"Confusion matrix","score":0.77385867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/backpropagation","display_name":"Backpropagation","score":0.72665066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.5758321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/confusion","display_name":"Confusion","score":0.4870084}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.7937446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138602881","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2709591","display_name":"Confusion matrix","level":2,"score":0.77385867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780861071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062934","display_name":"Character (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.7335874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155032097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q798503","display_name":"Backpropagation","level":3,"score":0.72665066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.69826293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.68491983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.6094601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.60925514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5758321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777210771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4927124","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","level":2,"score":0.4983616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781140086","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q557945","display_name":"Confusion","level":2,"score":0.4870084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.45386577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.45269614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1607846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11171543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41630","display_name":"Psychoanalysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iwfhr.2004.101","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"grants":[],"datasets":[],"versions":[],"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1502300099","https://openalex.org/W1507602596","https://openalex.org/W1926592488","https://openalex.org/W2046680611","https://openalex.org/W2102651659","https://openalex.org/W2109800313","https://openalex.org/W2124116163"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W589102260","https://openalex.org/W4389633859","https://openalex.org/W4366202965","https://openalex.org/W4293868491","https://openalex.org/W4239286941","https://openalex.org/W3175448455","https://openalex.org/W2570625548","https://openalex.org/W2349679704","https://openalex.org/W2088845016","https://openalex.org/W1969293528"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"describes":[2],"an":[3,35],"algorithm":[4,13,24],"for":[5],"clustering":[6,85],"freestyle":[7],"Thai":[8,37],"handwritten":[9],"character":[10,38,42],"models.":[11],"The":[12,31,65,87],"groups":[14,93],"the":[15,23,27,41,52,56,74,81,95,98],"characters":[16,88],"that":[17],"have":[18],"a":[19,84],"similar":[20],"structure.":[21,39],"Firstly,":[22],"begins":[25],"with":[26],"vertical":[28,32],"stroke":[29,33,53],"detection.":[30],"is":[34,44,60,77,101],"important":[36],"Secondly,":[40],"area":[43],"divided":[45,90],"into":[46,91],"7/spl":[47],"times/10":[48],"blocks":[49],"by":[50],"using":[51,69],"information.":[54],"Then,":[55],"pixel":[57],"distribution":[58],"feature":[59],"calculated":[61],"from":[62],"each":[63],"block.":[64],"features":[66],"are":[67,89],"trained":[68],"backpropagation":[70],"neural":[71],"network.":[72],"Finally,":[73],"confusion":[75],"matrix":[76],"used":[78],"to":[79],"analyze":[80],"result":[82],"in":[83],"process.":[86],"21":[92],"and":[94],"accuracy":[96],"of":[97],"clustered":[99],"model":[100],"97.60":[102],"percent.":[103]},"cited_by_api_url":"https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1564692875","counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2024-12-12T11:00:41.177888","created_date":"2016-06-24"}