乐胖代购免代理版

{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2160741048","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icdar.1995.602074","title":"Optimal techniques in OCR error correction for Japanese texts","display_name":"Optimal techniques in OCR error correction for Japanese texts","publication_year":2002,"publication_date":"2002-11-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2160741048","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icdar.1995.602074","mag":"2160741048"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icdar.1995.602074","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false},"type":"article","type_crossref":"proceedings-article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056043293","display_name":"Toru Hisamitsu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I65143321","display_name":"Hitachi (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/02exqgm79","country_code":"JP","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I65143321"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"T. Hisamitsu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Advanced Research Laboratory, Hitachi and Limited, Hatoyama, Saitama, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Advanced Research Laboratory, Hitachi and Limited, Hatoyama, Saitama, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I65143321"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016427390","display_name":"Katsumi Marukawa","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I65143321","display_name":"Hitachi (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/02exqgm79","country_code":"JP","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I65143321"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K. Marukawa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Central Research Laboratory, Hitachi and Limited, Kokubunji, Tokyo, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Central Research Laboratory, Hitachi and Limited, Kokubunji, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I65143321"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108452423","display_name":"Y. Shima","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I65143321","display_name":"Hitachi (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/02exqgm79","country_code":"JP","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I65143321"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Y. Shima","raw_affiliation_strings":["Central Research Laboratory, Hitachi and Limited, Kokubunji, Tokyo, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Central Research Laboratory, Hitachi and Limited, Kokubunji, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I65143321"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015281717","display_name":"Hiromichi Fujisawa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7626-4836"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I65143321","display_name":"Hitachi (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/02exqgm79","country_code":"JP","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I65143321"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H. Fujisawa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Central Research Laboratory, Hitachi and Limited, Kokubunji, Tokyo, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Central Research Laboratory, Hitachi and Limited, Kokubunji, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I65143321"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068639403","display_name":"Yoshihiko Nitta","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I65143321","display_name":"Hitachi (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/02exqgm79","country_code":"JP","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I65143321"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Y. Nitta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Advanced Research Laboratory, Hitachi and Limited, Hatoyama, Saitama, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Advanced Research Laboratory, Hitachi and Limited, Hatoyama, Saitama, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I65143321"]}]}],"institution_assertions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.27,"has_fulltext":true,"fulltext_origin":"ngrams","cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.523543,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":71,"max":73},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9985,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9985,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.9863,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12016","display_name":"Web Data Mining and Analysis","score":0.964,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word-error-rate","display_name":"Word error rate","score":0.583621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/error-analysis","display_name":"Error Analysis","score":0.53205925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inflection","display_name":"Inflection","score":0.44937658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-character-recognition","display_name":"Optical character recognition","score":0.43821412}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7619246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.7187619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186644900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194152","display_name":"Parsing","level":2,"score":0.6927823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90805587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10944557","display_name":"Word (group theory)","level":2,"score":0.5837445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40969351","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3516228","display_name":"Word error rate","level":2,"score":0.583621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103088060","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062839","display_name":"Error detection and correction","level":2,"score":0.5798728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018824978","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2894891","display_name":"Error analysis","level":2,"score":0.53205925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5095306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.45956948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159403335","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207857","display_name":"Inflection","level":2,"score":0.44937658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C546480517","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167555","display_name":"Optical character recognition","level":3,"score":0.43821412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.41400135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.39016107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.33758155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.18529856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.14500275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28826006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33521","display_name":"Applied mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icdar.1995.602074","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality education","score":0.78}],"grants":[],"datasets":[],"versions":[],"referenced_works_count":3,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W147806023","https://openalex.org/W2058136781","https://openalex.org/W2561051460"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3190162935","https://openalex.org/W2997809463","https://openalex.org/W2892857623","https://openalex.org/W2595338207","https://openalex.org/W2575782020","https://openalex.org/W2380243770","https://openalex.org/W2137901323","https://openalex.org/W2013767392","https://openalex.org/W1973075426","https://openalex.org/W168676510"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"investigates":[2],"three":[3],"fundamental":[4],"techniques":[5,66],"in":[6],"OCR":[7],"error":[8,87],"correction":[9,88],"for":[10,20,33],"Japanese":[11,34],"texts":[12],"using":[13],"morphological":[14],"analysis:":[15],"(1)":[16],"an":[17],"optimal":[18,30],"method":[19,42],"candidate":[21,26,74],"word":[22,31,44],"extraction":[23],"from":[24],"a":[25,40,91],"character":[27],"lattice,":[28],"(2)":[29],"entries":[32],"verb":[35],"inflection":[36],"analysis,":[37],"and":[38,83],"(3)":[39],"new":[41],"of":[43,64],"matching":[45],"cost":[46],"calculation":[47],"which":[48],"is":[49],"more":[50,73],"suitable":[51],"to":[52],"be":[53],"used":[54,93],"with":[55],"linguistic":[56],"criteria.":[57],"Comparative":[58],"evaluation":[59],"shows":[60],"that":[61],"the":[62,77],"combination":[63],"these":[65],"requires":[67],"84%":[68],"less":[69],"computation,":[70],"captures":[71],"2.6%":[72],"words,":[75],"reduces":[76],"chart":[78],"parsing":[79],"computation":[80],"by":[81],"20%,":[82],"attains":[84],"25%":[85],"higher":[86],"rate":[89],"than":[90],"commonly":[92],"method.":[94]},"abstract_inverted_index_v3":null,"cited_by_api_url":"https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2160741048","counts_by_year":[{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-03-18T12:28:57.903152","created_date":"2016-06-24"}