{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2961582909","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccw.2019.8757150","title":"Implementation and Evaluation of a Gigabit Ethernet FSO Link for 'The Last Metre and Last Mile Access Network'","display_name":"Implementation and Evaluation of a Gigabit Ethernet FSO Link for 'The Last Metre and Last Mile Access Network'","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2961582909","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccw.2019.8757150","mag":"2961582909"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccw.2019.8757150","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608034","display_name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshops (ICC Workshops)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false},"type":"article","type_crossref":"proceedings-article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/id/eprint/40017/1/P31%20-%20Paper%20-%20LowRes-ZG.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063247951","display_name":"Mojtaba Mansour Abadi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7963-5655"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32394136","display_name":"Northumbria University","ror":"https://ror.org/049e6bc10","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32394136"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mojtaba Mansour Abadi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Engineering and Environment, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Engineering and Environment, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32394136"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009712820","display_name":"Zabih Ghassemlooy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5780-9703"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32394136","display_name":"Northumbria University","ror":"https://ror.org/049e6bc10","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32394136"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zabih Ghassemlooy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Engineering and Environment, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Engineering and Environment, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32394136"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003481772","display_name":"Nithin Mohan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2787-9900"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32394136","display_name":"Northumbria University","ror":"https://ror.org/049e6bc10","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32394136"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nithin Mohan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Engineering and Environment, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Engineering and Environment, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32394136"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078401803","display_name":"Stanislav Zv\u00e1novec","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7902-2143"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44504214","display_name":"Czech Technical University in Prague","ror":"https://ror.org/03kqpb082","country_code":"CZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44504214"]}],"countries":["CZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stanislav Zvanovec","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electromagnetic Field, Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electromagnetic Field, Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44504214"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035838103","display_name":"Manav R. Bhatnagar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0612-594X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I68891433","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Delhi","ror":"https://ror.org/049tgcd06","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I68891433"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Manav R. Bhatnagar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I68891433"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103546421","display_name":"Ralph E. Hudson","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84884186","display_name":"Newcastle University","ror":"https://ror.org/01kj2bm70","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84884186"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ralph Hudson","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Core, Newcastle upon Tyne"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Core, Newcastle upon Tyne","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84884186"]}]}],"institution_assertions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.586,"has_fulltext":true,"fulltext_origin":"pdf","cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.796308,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":86,"max":87},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9999,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9999,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11429","display_name":"Semiconductor Lasers and Optical Devices","score":0.9854,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13121","display_name":"Radio Wave Propagation Studies","score":0.9561,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gigabit-ethernet","display_name":"Gigabit Ethernet","score":0.59769917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gigabit","display_name":"Gigabit","score":0.41381973}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776379158","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069084","display_name":"Gigabit Ethernet","level":3,"score":0.59769917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172173386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79984","display_name":"Ethernet","level":2,"score":0.57421964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5358203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.50332516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.49270967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.48879358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56296756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840922","display_name":"Bit error rate","level":3,"score":0.4513454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108037233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11375","display_name":"Wireless network","level":3,"score":0.41955435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21922175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3105497","display_name":"Gigabit","level":2,"score":0.41381973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.36049807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.3202173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.25434527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.23850757}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccw.2019.8757150","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608034","display_name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshops (ICC Workshops)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false},{"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/id/eprint/40017/1/P31%20-%20Paper%20-%20LowRes-ZG.pdf","pdf_url":"http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/id/eprint/40017/1/P31%20-%20Paper%20-%20LowRes-ZG.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401884","display_name":"Northumbria Research Link (Northumbria University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I32394136","host_organization_name":"Northumbria University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32394136"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Northumbria University"],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false}],"best_oa_location":{"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/id/eprint/40017/1/P31%20-%20Paper%20-%20LowRes-ZG.pdf","pdf_url":"http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/id/eprint/40017/1/P31%20-%20Paper%20-%20LowRes-ZG.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401884","display_name":"Northumbria Research Link (Northumbria University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I32394136","host_organization_name":"Northumbria University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32394136"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Northumbria University"],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.91,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"grants":[],"datasets":[],"versions":[],"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1503835506","https://openalex.org/W1989533824","https://openalex.org/W2040882982","https://openalex.org/W2043668270","https://openalex.org/W2082724771","https://openalex.org/W2119844512","https://openalex.org/W2120827491","https://openalex.org/W2139780938","https://openalex.org/W2164962185","https://openalex.org/W2267114824","https://openalex.org/W2282804898","https://openalex.org/W2285220777","https://openalex.org/W2595995231","https://openalex.org/W2726850864","https://openalex.org/W2805750250","https://openalex.org/W2888951067","https://openalex.org/W2963360098","https://openalex.org/W4299908858"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4297346247","https://openalex.org/W2951224454","https://openalex.org/W2394246197","https://openalex.org/W2371778955","https://openalex.org/W2097444759","https://openalex.org/W2042630333","https://openalex.org/W199604363","https://openalex.org/W1986465791","https://openalex.org/W1983405695","https://openalex.org/W187571081"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,33,118],"this":[1,119],"paper,":[2],"we":[3,121],"propose":[4,122],"a":[5,8,71,123,164,181],"simple":[6],"and":[7,28,54,101,114,137,144],"low":[9,111],"cost":[10],"1":[11],"Gbps":[12],"Ethernet":[13],"free-space":[14],"optical":[15,102],"(FSO)":[16],"communications":[17],"link,":[18],"which":[19,40,91,127],"can":[20,92,128],"be":[21,129],"used":[22],"both":[23],"for":[24],"the":[25,34,50,84,88,94,97,134,148,156,160,171,178,185],"last":[26,29],"meter":[27],"mile":[30],"access":[31],"networks.":[32],"emerging":[35],"fifth":[36],"generation":[37],"wireless":[38,81,100],"systems,":[39],"require":[41],"at":[42],"least":[43],"an":[44],"order":[45],"of":[46,57,167],"magnitude":[47,58],"increase":[48,59],"in":[49,60],"peak":[51],"data":[52,109,173],"rates":[53],"three":[55],"orders":[56],"network":[61],"capacity":[62],"with":[63,163],"reduced":[64],"latency,":[65],"deploying":[66],"multiple":[67],"technologies":[68],"will":[69],"play":[70],"crucial":[72],"role":[73],"to":[74,83,193],"meet":[75],"these":[76],"requirements.":[77],"One":[78],"possible":[79],"complementary":[80],"technology":[82],"radio":[85],"frequency":[86],"is":[87],"unlicensed":[89],"FSO,":[90],"bridge":[93],"gap":[95],"between":[96],"existing":[98],"RF":[99],"fibre":[103],"communication":[104],"networks":[105],"by":[106],"providing":[107],"high":[108,115],"rates,":[110],"installation":[112],"costs":[113],"energy":[116],"efficiency.":[117],"work,":[120],"high-speed":[124],"FSO":[125],"system,":[126],"readily":[130],"implemented":[131],"using":[132,147],"off":[133],"shelf":[135],"components,":[136],"assess":[138],"its":[139],"performance":[140],"experimentally":[141],"under":[142,159,180],"turbulence":[143,161],"fog":[145],"conditions":[146],"dedicated":[149],"indoor":[150],"atmospheric":[151],"chamber.":[152],"We":[153],"show":[154],"that,":[155],"proposed":[157],"system":[158],"condition":[162],"scintillation":[165],"index":[166],"0.43":[168],"offers":[169],"almost":[170],"same":[172],"rate":[174],"(i.e.,":[175],"~99%)":[176],"as":[177],"link":[179],"clear":[182],"channel,":[183],"while":[184],"packet-error-rate":[186],"reduces":[187],"from":[188],"10":[189,196],"-3":[192],"2":[194],"\u00d7":[195],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">-2":[199],".":[200]},"cited_by_api_url":"https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2961582909","counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-01-17T13:24:29.160543","created_date":"2019-07-23"}