{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2958219835","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccw.2019.8756673","title":"A Lightweight Blockchain Based Two Factor Authentication Mechanism for LoRaWAN Join Procedure","display_name":"A Lightweight Blockchain Based Two Factor Authentication Mechanism for LoRaWAN Join Procedure","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2958219835","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccw.2019.8756673","mag":"2958219835"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccw.2019.8756673","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608034","display_name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshops (ICC Workshops)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false},"type":"article","type_crossref":"proceedings-article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://repository.uwl.ac.uk/id/eprint/7505/1/Securing%20Lorawan%20join%20procedure.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032382039","display_name":"Syed Muhammad Danish","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2680-8895"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I929597975","display_name":"National University of Sciences and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03w2j5y17","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I929597975"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Syed Muhammad Danish","raw_affiliation_strings":["National University of Sciences & Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National University of Sciences & Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I929597975"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063814563","display_name":"Marios Lestas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8418-6329"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I38552033","display_name":"Frederick University","ror":"https://ror.org/05d8tf882","country_code":"CY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I38552033"]}],"countries":["CY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marios Lestas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Frederick University, Cyprus"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Frederick University, Cyprus","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I38552033"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019290536","display_name":"Waqar Asif","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6774-3050"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180825142","display_name":"City, University of London","ror":"https://ror.org/04489at23","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I180825142","https://openalex.org/I4401726869"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Waqar Asif","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering and Mathematical Sciences, City University, London, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering and Mathematical Sciences, City University, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180825142"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080473845","display_name":"Hassaan Khaliq Qureshi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3042-4050"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I929597975","display_name":"National University of Sciences and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03w2j5y17","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I929597975"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hassaan Khaliq Qureshi","raw_affiliation_strings":["National University of Sciences & Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National University of Sciences & Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I929597975"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059640195","display_name":"Muttukrishnan Rajarajan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5814-9922"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180825142","display_name":"City, University of London","ror":"https://ror.org/04489at23","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I180825142","https://openalex.org/I4401726869"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muttukrishnan Rajarajan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering and Mathematical Sciences, City University, London, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering and Mathematical Sciences, City University, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180825142"]}]}],"institution_assertions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":10.418,"has_fulltext":true,"fulltext_origin":"pdf","cited_by_count":49,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.999955,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12079","display_name":"IoT Networks and Protocols","score":0.9996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12079","display_name":"IoT Networks and Protocols","score":0.9996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9921,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8234037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779687700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20514253","display_name":"Blockchain","level":2,"score":0.66670537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93996380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44127","display_name":"Server","level":2,"score":0.6382321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.6117852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148417208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4825882","display_name":"Authentication (law)","level":2,"score":0.5645311},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182590292","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q989632","display_name":"Network security","level":2,"score":0.43631428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.43332472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.42260936}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccw.2019.8756673","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608034","display_name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshops (ICC Workshops)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false},{"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://repository.uwl.ac.uk/id/eprint/7505/1/Securing%20Lorawan%20join%20procedure.pdf","pdf_url":"http://repository.uwl.ac.uk/id/eprint/7505/1/Securing%20Lorawan%20join%20procedure.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402477","display_name":"UWL Repository (University of West London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I177463362","host_organization_name":"University of West London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177463362"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of West London"],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false}],"best_oa_location":{"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://repository.uwl.ac.uk/id/eprint/7505/1/Securing%20Lorawan%20join%20procedure.pdf","pdf_url":"http://repository.uwl.ac.uk/id/eprint/7505/1/Securing%20Lorawan%20join%20procedure.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402477","display_name":"UWL Repository (University of West London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I177463362","host_organization_name":"University of West London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177463362"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of West London"],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.48}],"grants":[],"datasets":[],"versions":[],"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2392113277","https://openalex.org/W2606059514","https://openalex.org/W2606431350","https://openalex.org/W2610892288","https://openalex.org/W2739237290","https://openalex.org/W2747621854","https://openalex.org/W2754256791","https://openalex.org/W2799075412","https://openalex.org/W2807966864","https://openalex.org/W2809107162","https://openalex.org/W2886473400"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4386732777","https://openalex.org/W4382775358","https://openalex.org/W4306779889","https://openalex.org/W4304136894","https://openalex.org/W4246942721","https://openalex.org/W4210406818","https://openalex.org/W3211706803","https://openalex.org/W3209862047","https://openalex.org/W2989851257","https://openalex.org/W2799059781"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Recently,":[0],"there":[1],"has":[2],"been":[3],"increasing":[4],"interest":[5],"in":[6,9,30,161,180],"employing":[7],"blockchain":[8,117,121,169],"different":[10,24],"applications,":[11],"other":[12],"than":[13],"crypto-currencies.":[14],"Blockchains":[15],"allow":[16],"a":[17,31,105,172],"peer":[18,20],"to":[19,63],"distributed":[21],"network":[22,71,83,89,95,139,183,186],"where":[23],"nodes":[25],"communicate":[26],"with":[27,184],"each":[28],"other,":[29],"trustless":[32],"manner.":[33],"Long":[34],"Range":[35],"Wide":[36],"Area":[37],"Network":[38],"(LoRaWAN)":[39],"is":[40,61,77,144,171],"an":[41,125],"Internet":[42],"of":[43,81,88,128,163,196],"Things":[44],"(IoT)":[45],"technology,":[46],"which":[47,176],"enables":[48],"long":[49],"range":[50],"communication.":[51],"Although":[52],"LoRaWAN":[53,58,82,112,131,138,182],"networks":[54],"are":[55],"secure,":[56],"the":[57,78,85,147,154,181],"join":[59,113,132],"procedure":[60,133],"susceptible":[62],"replay":[64],"and":[65,73,97,134,165,188,198],"jamming":[66],"attacks.":[67],"Moreover,":[68],"trust":[69,92,136],"between":[70,94],"server":[72],"LoRa":[74,189],"end":[75,190],"device":[76],"basic":[79],"foundation":[80],"however,":[84],"centralized":[86],"nature":[87],"servers":[90,187],"raise":[91],"issues":[93],"operators":[96],"customers.":[98],"To":[99],"solve":[100],"this":[101],"problem,":[102],"we":[103],"propose":[104],"lightweight":[106],"two":[107],"factor":[108],"authentication":[109],"mechanism":[110],"for":[111,130],"procedure,":[114],"based":[115,122],"on":[116],"technology.":[118],"The":[119,141,150,167],"proposed":[120,142,155,168],"framework":[123,143,156],"provides":[124,157],"extra":[126],"layer":[127],"security":[129],"build":[135],"among":[137],"components.":[140],"validated":[145],"using":[146],"Ethereum":[148],"blockchain.":[149],"results":[151],"demonstrate":[152],"that":[153],"efficient":[158],"system":[159],"performance":[160],"terms":[162],"throughput":[164,197],"latency.":[166,199],"architecture":[170],"cost":[173],"effective":[174],"solution,":[175],"can":[177],"be":[178],"utilized":[179],"few":[185],"device,":[191],"having":[192],"no":[193],"strict":[194],"requirement":[195]},"cited_by_api_url":"https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2958219835","counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-01-14T18:02:57.542003","created_date":"2019-07-23"}