{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2963881567","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp.2017.7953242","title":"Trainable frontend for robust and far-field keyword spotting","display_name":"Trainable frontend for robust and far-field keyword spotting","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2963881567","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp.2017.7953242","mag":"2963881567"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp.2017.7953242","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false},"type":"article","type_crossref":"proceedings-article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1607.05666","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100375981","display_name":"Yuxuan Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3060-4345"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuxuan Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google, Mountain View, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google, Mountain View, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070314054","display_name":"Pascal Getreuer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7216-3330"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pascal Getreuer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google, Mountain View, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google, Mountain View, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061980970","display_name":"T. A. Hughes","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3481-0397"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thad Hughes","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google, Mountain View, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google, Mountain View, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026382065","display_name":"Richard F. Lyon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2348-811X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Richard F. Lyon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google, Mountain View, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google, Mountain View, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026650852","display_name":"Rif A. Saurous","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rif A. Saurous","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google, Mountain View, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google, Mountain View, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]}]}],"institution_assertions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.652,"has_fulltext":true,"fulltext_origin":"ngrams","cited_by_count":105,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.999569,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"5670","last_page":"5674"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.9998,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11309","display_name":"Music and Audio Processing","score":0.998,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/keyword-spotting","display_name":"Keyword spotting","score":0.8783214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness","score":0.6623406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/normalization","display_name":"Normalization","score":0.5387766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spotting","display_name":"Spotting","score":0.42940882}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781213101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6398558","display_name":"Keyword spotting","level":2,"score":0.8783214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.76865125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.6623406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.55734843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136886441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q926129","display_name":"Normalization (sociology)","level":2,"score":0.5387766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.509635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.46137533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779506182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7580141","display_name":"Spotting","level":2,"score":0.42940882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.41424567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3961487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19165224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23404","display_name":"Anthropology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp.2017.7953242","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false},{"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.05666","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1607.05666","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cornell University"],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false}],"best_oa_location":{"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.05666","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1607.05666","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cornell University"],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"grants":[],"datasets":[],"versions":[],"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1485222997","https://openalex.org/W1687555731","https://openalex.org/W2034940213","https://openalex.org/W2050693797","https://openalex.org/W2052667477","https://openalex.org/W2076105648","https://openalex.org/W2137075158","https://openalex.org/W2160815625","https://openalex.org/W2402195372","https://openalex.org/W2407023693","https://openalex.org/W2928556070"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4286904253","https://openalex.org/W3206647229","https://openalex.org/W3119978414","https://openalex.org/W2918559346","https://openalex.org/W2545741539","https://openalex.org/W2516975559","https://openalex.org/W2114097550","https://openalex.org/W2000885660","https://openalex.org/W1989658893","https://openalex.org/W1969408022"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Robust":[0],"and":[1,78,98],"far-field":[2,13,79],"speech":[3],"recognition":[4,88],"is":[5,42],"critical":[6],"to":[7,19,24,53],"enable":[8],"true":[9],"hands-free":[10],"communication.":[11],"In":[12],"conditions,":[14],"signals":[15],"are":[16],"attenuated":[17],"due":[18],"distance.":[20],"To":[21],"improve":[22],"robustness":[23],"loudness":[25],"variation,":[26],"we":[27,82,91],"introduce":[28],"a":[29],"novel":[30],"frontend":[31,113],"called":[32],"per-channel":[33],"energy":[34],"normalization":[35],"(PCEN).":[36],"The":[37,110],"key":[38],"ingredient":[39],"of":[40,45],"PCEN":[41,67,85,93,101,112],"the":[43,55,69,105],"use":[44],"an":[46],"automatic":[47],"gain":[48],"control":[49],"based":[50],"dynamic":[51],"compression":[52],"replace":[54],"widely":[56],"used":[57],"static":[58],"(such":[59],"as":[60,94],"log":[61],"or":[62,122],"root)":[63],"compression.":[64],"We":[65],"evaluate":[66],"on":[68],"keyword":[70,106],"spotting":[71,107],"task.":[72],"On":[73],"our":[74],"large":[75],"rerecorded":[76],"noisy":[77],"eval":[80],"sets,":[81],"show":[83],"that":[84],"significantly":[86],"improves":[87],"performance.":[89],"Furthermore,":[90],"model":[92,120],"neural":[95],"network":[96],"layers":[97],"optimize":[99],"high-dimensional":[100],"parameters":[102],"jointly":[103],"with":[104],"acoustic":[108],"model.":[109],"trained":[111],"demonstrates":[114],"significant":[115],"further":[116],"improvements":[117],"without":[118],"increasing":[119],"complexity":[121],"inference-time":[123],"cost.":[124]},"cited_by_api_url":"https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2963881567","counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2024-12-08T19:58:26.695383","created_date":"2019-07-30"}