{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2532749606","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fit.2012.18","title":"Use of Radiative Transfer Equation (RTE) for Estimating Optical Signal Attenuation through Inhomogeneous Clouds","display_name":"Use of Radiative Transfer Equation (RTE) for Estimating Optical Signal Attenuation through Inhomogeneous Clouds","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2532749606","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fit.2012.18","mag":"2532749606"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fit.2012.18","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false},"type":"article","type_crossref":"proceedings-article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084271507","display_name":"Muhammed Malik","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Zaman Malik","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Sharif College of Engineering and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Sharif College of Engineering and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108686263","display_name":"Sajid Sheikh Muhammad","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201384688","display_name":"National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/003eyb898","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201384688"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Sheikh Muhammad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, National University of Computer and Emerging, Lahore, Pakistan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, National University of Computer and Emerging, Lahore, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201384688"]}]}],"institution_assertions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.103,"has_fulltext":true,"fulltext_origin":"ngrams","cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.850575,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":78,"max":80},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"50","last_page":"55"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10347","display_name":"Atmospheric aerosols and clouds","score":0.9999,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10347","display_name":"Atmospheric aerosols and clouds","score":0.9999,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11320","display_name":"Atmospheric Ozone and Climate","score":0.9993,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10075","display_name":"Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols","score":0.9985,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74902906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1190858","display_name":"Radiative transfer","level":2,"score":0.7722359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184652730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2357982","display_name":"Attenuation","level":2,"score":0.76805985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30475298","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q909554","display_name":"Computational physics","level":1,"score":0.6333828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191486275","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210028","display_name":"Scattering","level":2,"score":0.62033325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.5827209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199390426","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2353151","display_name":"Atmospheric radiative transfer codes","level":3,"score":0.53853106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125287762","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1758948","display_name":"Absorption (acoustics)","level":2,"score":0.49077663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19499675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232207","display_name":"Monte Carlo method","level":2,"score":0.490233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.4819167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6260449","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41364","display_name":"Wavelength","level":2,"score":0.43549025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.08077523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0734708}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fit.2012.18","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Clean water and sanitation","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6","score":0.79}],"grants":[],"datasets":[],"versions":[],"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1499181428","https://openalex.org/W1504900983","https://openalex.org/W1524045137","https://openalex.org/W1529954197","https://openalex.org/W1573293896","https://openalex.org/W1579784536","https://openalex.org/W1649460031","https://openalex.org/W1964615133","https://openalex.org/W1967315425","https://openalex.org/W1976442900","https://openalex.org/W1982282091","https://openalex.org/W1992165393","https://openalex.org/W2018449288","https://openalex.org/W2032332284","https://openalex.org/W2042606200","https://openalex.org/W2050158162","https://openalex.org/W2098531325","https://openalex.org/W2099651019","https://openalex.org/W2128765794","https://openalex.org/W2134269165","https://openalex.org/W2135122391","https://openalex.org/W2143155841","https://openalex.org/W2148179735","https://openalex.org/W2149700523","https://openalex.org/W2151380192","https://openalex.org/W2165040623","https://openalex.org/W2166272117","https://openalex.org/W2176242631","https://openalex.org/W2371069939","https://openalex.org/W3010956862","https://openalex.org/W3109070402","https://openalex.org/W3140112356","https://openalex.org/W4211148370","https://openalex.org/W4246052379","https://openalex.org/W4254832364","https://openalex.org/W4254835330","https://openalex.org/W624715257"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4386798815","https://openalex.org/W4386555858","https://openalex.org/W4243776866","https://openalex.org/W3100376715","https://openalex.org/W3031094829","https://openalex.org/W2342724811","https://openalex.org/W216125233","https://openalex.org/W2090659657","https://openalex.org/W2078021065","https://openalex.org/W2023963387"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"High":[0],"data":[1,146],"rate":[2],"requirement":[3],"has":[4,23,213,233],"necessitated":[5],"the":[6,18,30,38,44,52,66,70,81,109,136,163,177],"use":[7],"of":[8,54,63,88,105,111,135,165,180,198,224,240],"optical":[9,41,67,222,244],"wireless":[10],"links":[11],"from":[12,144],"satellite-to-ground":[13],"that":[14,130,190],"invariably":[15],"pass":[16],"through":[17,113,246],"inhomogeneous":[19,47,89,203],"cloud":[20,71,128,137,142,166,172,204],"layers.":[21,72,205],"It":[22],"thus":[24],"become":[25],"necessary":[26,123],"to":[27,124,152,158,167,194,216,237],"accurately":[28],"model":[29,157],"scattering":[31,46,86,116,199],"channel":[32,95],"and":[33,84,91,115,200,227],"estimate":[34],"attenuation":[35,64,169],"suffered":[36],"by":[37],"information":[39],"bearing":[40],"signal":[42,68],"traversing":[43,69],"multiple":[45,85],"clouds.":[48,247],"This":[49,139,174],"paper":[50,175],"introduces":[51],"utilization":[53],"three":[55,74,126,153,181],"dimensional":[56,75,127,154,182],"radiative":[57,76,155,183],"transfer":[58,77,156,184],"equation":[59,78,185],"RTE":[60],"for":[61],"prediction":[62],"in":[65,117,170,243],"The":[73,206,230],"explicitly":[79],"handles":[80],"spatial":[82,133],"complexity":[83],"effects":[87],"clouds":[90],"provides":[92],"accurate":[93],"propagation":[94,245],"estimation":[96],"without":[97],"invoking":[98],"mathematical":[99],"assumptions.":[100],"Cloud":[101],"droplets":[102],"mainly":[103],"composed":[104],"liquid":[106],"water":[107],"attenuates":[108],"beam":[110],"light":[112],"absorption":[114,201],"forward":[118],"direction.":[119],"Therefore,":[120],"it":[121],"is":[122,147],"generate":[125],"fields":[129],"exhibit":[131],"realistic":[132],"distribution":[134],"structure.":[138],"statistically":[140],"generated":[141],"field":[143],"experimental":[145],"used":[148],"as":[149],"an":[150],"input":[151],"calculate":[159],"transmitted":[160],"irradiance":[161],"at":[162,219],"bottom":[164],"predict":[168],"cumulus":[171],"scene.":[173],"employs":[176],"numerical":[178],"solution":[179],"using":[186],"Monte":[187,210],"Carlo":[188,211],"simulation":[189],"uses":[191],"stochastic":[192],"methods":[193],"simulate":[195],"physical":[196],"processes":[197],"within":[202],"open":[207],"source":[208],"I3RC":[209],"code":[212],"been":[214,234],"chosen":[215],"perform":[217],"simulations":[218],"commonly":[220],"employed":[221],"wavelengths":[223],"850":[225],"nm":[226],"1550":[228],"nm.":[229],"10":[231],"\u03bcm":[232],"specifically":[235],"analyzed":[236],"gain":[238],"insight":[239],"wavelength":[241],"dependence":[242]},"cited_by_api_url":"https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2532749606","counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2024-12-15T21:24:33.876404","created_date":"2016-10-28"}