{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4295508308","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc48229.2022.9871440","title":"An Ensemble of Deep Learning Frameworks for Predicting Respiratory Anomalies","display_name":"An Ensemble of Deep Learning Frameworks for Predicting Respiratory Anomalies","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-07-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4295508308","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc48229.2022.9871440","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36086440"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc48229.2022.9871440","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/9870821/9870822/09871440.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607706","display_name":"2022 44th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine & Biology Society (EMBC)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_indexed_in_scopus":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true},"type":"article","type_crossref":"proceedings-article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/9870821/9870822/09871440.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075250567","display_name":"Lam Pham","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8155-7553"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I132118926","display_name":"Austrian Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04knbh022","country_code":"AT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I132118926"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lam Pham","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Digital Safety & Security, Austrian Institute of Technology,Austria"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Digital Safety & Security, Austrian Institute of Technology,Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I132118926"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102968151","display_name":"Dat Ngo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4374-5056"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110002522","display_name":"University of Essex","ror":"https://ror.org/02nkf1q06","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110002522"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dat Ngo","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering, University of Essex, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering, University of Essex, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110002522"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031178621","display_name":"Khoa Tran","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7376-5061"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3129492623","display_name":"University of Da Nang","ror":"https://ror.org/03ecpp171","country_code":"VN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3129492623"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118692353","display_name":"University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05bj7sh33","country_code":"YE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118692353"]}],"countries":["VN","YE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Khoa Tran","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of electrical engineering, University of Science and Technology, the University of Danang"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of electrical engineering, University of Science and Technology, the University of Danang","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3129492623","https://openalex.org/I118692353"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025226692","display_name":"Truong Hoang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5930-8144"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I109689652","display_name":"FPT University","ror":"https://ror.org/03esj4g97","country_code":"VN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I109689652"]}],"countries":["VN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Truong Hoang","raw_affiliation_strings":["AI Center, FPT Software Company Limited, Vietnam"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"AI Center, FPT Software Company Limited, Vietnam","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I109689652"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102746568","display_name":"Alexander Schindler","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6058-7753"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I132118926","display_name":"Austrian Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04knbh022","country_code":"AT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I132118926"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alexander Schindler","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Digital Safety & Security, Austrian Institute of Technology,Austria"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Digital Safety & Security, Austrian Institute of Technology,Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I132118926"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000620878","display_name":"Ian McLoughlin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7111-2008"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168639165","display_name":"Singapore Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01v2c2791","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168639165"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ian McLoughlin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Singapore Institute of Technology, Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Singapore Institute of Technology, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168639165"]}]}],"institution_assertions":[],"countries_distinct_count":5,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":15.92,"has_fulltext":true,"fulltext_origin":"pdf","cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.972205,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":92,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"4595","last_page":"4598"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12419","display_name":"Phonocardiography and Auscultation Techniques","score":0.9998,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12419","display_name":"Phonocardiography and Auscultation Techniques","score":0.9998,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12418","display_name":"Respiratory and Cough-Related Research","score":0.9727,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10143","display_name":"Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research","score":0.933,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transfer-of-learning","display_name":"Transfer of learning","score":0.78549665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spectrogram","display_name":"Spectrogram","score":0.7389966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.5966209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ensemble-learning","display_name":"Ensemble Learning","score":0.46287704}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.829363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150899416","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1820378","display_name":"Transfer of learning","level":2,"score":0.78549665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45273575","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q578970","display_name":"Spectrogram","level":2,"score":0.7389966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.71558046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7144405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.5966209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.5646274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45942800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245652","display_name":"Ensemble learning","level":2,"score":0.46287704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.42009836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3988143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3940714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.38941208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.0640367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000077321","descriptor_name":"Deep Learning","qualifier_ui":"","qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":"","qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":"","qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D056152","descriptor_name":"Respiratory Rate","qualifier_ui":"","qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc48229.2022.9871440","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/9870821/9870822/09871440.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607706","display_name":"2022 44th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine & Biology Society (EMBC)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_indexed_in_scopus":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true},{"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/conference_contribution/An_Ensemble_of_Deep_Learning_Frameworks_for_Predicting_Respiratory_Anomalies/24217323","pdf_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/conference_contribution/An_Ensemble_of_Deep_Learning_Frameworks_for_Predicting_Respiratory_Anomalies/24217323/1/files/42519265.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402621","display_name":"INDIGO (University of Illinois at Chicago)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_indexed_in_scopus":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I39422238","host_organization_name":"University of Illinois Chicago","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39422238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of Illinois Chicago"],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true},{"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36086440","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_indexed_in_scopus":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["National Institutes of Health"],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false}],"best_oa_location":{"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc48229.2022.9871440","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/9870821/9870822/09871440.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607706","display_name":"2022 44th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine & Biology Society (EMBC)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_indexed_in_scopus":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"grants":[],"datasets":[],"versions":[],"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2019560659","https://openalex.org/W2754136846","https://openalex.org/W2768188490","https://openalex.org/W2768465935","https://openalex.org/W2770588696","https://openalex.org/W2770896033","https://openalex.org/W2781186372","https://openalex.org/W2895590231","https://openalex.org/W2899493363","https://openalex.org/W2911746393","https://openalex.org/W2936774411","https://openalex.org/W3003965947","https://openalex.org/W3082353675","https://openalex.org/W3094550259","https://openalex.org/W3095616795","https://openalex.org/W3097359093","https://openalex.org/W3115255852","https://openalex.org/W3135818473","https://openalex.org/W3161473931","https://openalex.org/W4200428594"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4385398839","https://openalex.org/W4384700341","https://openalex.org/W4290188444","https://openalex.org/W3183901164","https://openalex.org/W3167935049","https://openalex.org/W3135818718","https://openalex.org/W3127975138","https://openalex.org/W3003905048","https://openalex.org/W2530685530","https://openalex.org/W2253429366"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,91],"paper":[1],"evaluates":[2],"a":[3,43,95],"range":[4,44],"of":[5,18,45,60,89,98],"deep":[6,47,64,105],"learning":[7,48,65,103,106],"frameworks":[8,66],"for":[9],"detecting":[10],"respiratory":[11,19,52],"anomalies":[12],"from":[13,22,94],"input":[14],"audio.":[15],"Audio":[16],"recordings":[17],"cycles":[20,53],"collected":[21],"patients":[23],"are":[24,38,67],"transformed":[25],"into":[26,54],"time-frequency":[27],"spectrograms":[28],"to":[29,41,50,70,87],"serve":[30],"as":[31],"front-end":[32],"two-dimensional":[33],"features.":[34],"Cropped":[35],"spectrogram":[36],"segments":[37],"then":[39,68],"used":[40],"train":[42],"back-end":[46],"networks":[49],"classify":[51],"predefined":[55],"medically-relevant":[56],"categories.":[57],"A":[58],"set":[59],"those":[61],"trained":[62],"high-performance":[63],"fused":[69],"obtain":[71],"the":[72,78,83],"best":[73],"score.":[74],"Our":[75],"experiments":[76],"on":[77],"ICBHI":[79,85],"benchmark":[80],"dataset":[81],"achieve":[82],"highest":[84],"score":[86],"date":[88],"57.3%.":[90],"is":[92],"derived":[93],"late":[96],"fusion":[97],"inception":[99],"based":[100,104],"and":[101],"transfer":[102,123],"frameworks,":[107],"easily":[108],"outperforming":[109],"other":[110],"state-of-the-art":[111],"systems.":[112],"Clinical":[113],"relevance---":[114],"Respiratory":[115],"disease,":[116],"wheeze,":[117],"crackle,":[118],"inception,":[119],"convolutional":[120],"neural":[121],"network,":[122],"learning.":[124]},"cited_by_api_url":"https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4295508308","counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-01-17T10:59:33.981670","created_date":"2022-09-14"}