{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2118150395","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cbms.2012.6266308","title":"Detection of masses in mammograms using region growing controlled by multilevel thresholding","display_name":"Detection of masses in mammograms using region growing controlled by multilevel thresholding","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2118150395","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cbms.2012.6266308","mag":"2118150395"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cbms.2012.6266308","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false},"type":"article","type_crossref":"proceedings-article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068108309","display_name":"Jayasree Chakraborty","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4434-8861"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145894827","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur","ror":"https://ror.org/03w5sq511","country_code":"IN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145894827"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jayasree Chakraborty","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. of Electronics & Electrical Communication Engg., Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, West Bengal, India 721-302"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electronics & Electrical Communication Engg., Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, West Bengal, India 721-302","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145894827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047214385","display_name":"Sudipta Mukhopadhyay","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4719-2578"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145894827","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur","ror":"https://ror.org/03w5sq511","country_code":"IN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145894827"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sudipta Mukhopadhyay","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. of Electronics & Electrical Communication Engg., Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, West Bengal, India 721-302"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electronics & Electrical Communication Engg., Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, West Bengal, India 721-302","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145894827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107833825","display_name":"Veenu Singla","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45294948","display_name":"Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research","ror":"https://ror.org/009nfym65","country_code":"IN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45294948"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Veenu Singla","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiodiagnosis, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, Punjab, India 160 012"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiodiagnosis, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, Punjab, India 160 012","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45294948"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081390575","display_name":"Niranjan Khandelwal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8326-5164"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45294948","display_name":"Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research","ror":"https://ror.org/009nfym65","country_code":"IN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45294948"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Niranjan Khandelwal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiodiagnosis, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, Punjab, India 160 012"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiodiagnosis, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, Punjab, India 160 012","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45294948"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008235253","display_name":"Rangaraj M. Rangayyan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6764-8691"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168635309","display_name":"University of Calgary","ror":"https://ror.org/03yjb2x39","country_code":"CA","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168635309"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rangaraj M. Rangayyan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 1N4"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 1N4","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168635309"]}]}],"institution_assertions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.639,"has_fulltext":true,"fulltext_origin":"ngrams","cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.852243,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":89},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10862","display_name":"AI in cancer detection","score":0.9998,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10862","display_name":"AI in cancer detection","score":0.9998,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10052","display_name":"Medical Image Segmentation Techniques","score":0.9973,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10522","display_name":"Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications","score":0.9941,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/margin","display_name":"Margin (machine learning)","score":0.5395635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intensity","display_name":"Intensity","score":0.48581672}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191178318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2256906","display_name":"Thresholding","level":3,"score":0.8928541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.64883995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C774472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6760393","display_name":"Margin (machine learning)","level":2,"score":0.5395635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.5034794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93038891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1061524","display_name":"Intensity (physics)","level":2,"score":0.48581672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21200559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7451068","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","level":2,"score":0.48036274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780472235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q324634","display_name":"Mammography","level":4,"score":0.45389223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.45056313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.39854497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.3103332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C530470458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128581","display_name":"Breast cancer","level":3,"score":0.21909168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.1399897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.1064136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.09549844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121608353","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12078","display_name":"Cancer","level":2,"score":0.08748832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cbms.2012.6266308","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.57,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"grants":[],"datasets":[],"versions":[],"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1562347861","https://openalex.org/W1986923534","https://openalex.org/W2024691180","https://openalex.org/W2078176535","https://openalex.org/W2096866836","https://openalex.org/W2101771332","https://openalex.org/W2111383637","https://openalex.org/W2147846978","https://openalex.org/W2149152304","https://openalex.org/W2159318977","https://openalex.org/W2166308887","https://openalex.org/W2514575318"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4312766348","https://openalex.org/W4233939244","https://openalex.org/W2953058328","https://openalex.org/W2750730210","https://openalex.org/W2730764323","https://openalex.org/W2236974868","https://openalex.org/W2116854923","https://openalex.org/W1976727107","https://openalex.org/W1661087619","https://openalex.org/W1542224353"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Mammographic":[0],"masses":[1,100,123,142],"are":[2],"important":[3],"signs":[4],"of":[5,73,77,83,99,108,119,153,169],"breast":[6,23],"cancer.":[7],"However,":[8],"due":[9],"to":[10,30,95],"its":[11],"irregular":[12],"and":[13,19,42,103,124,132,143,166],"obscured":[14],"margin,":[15],"variability":[16],"in":[17],"size,":[18],"occlusion":[20],"within":[21],"dense":[22],"tissue,":[24],"a":[25,35,52,78,85,148,167],"mass":[26],"is":[27,44,49,68,89,112,160,174],"often":[28],"difficult":[29],"detect.":[31],"In":[32],"this":[33],"paper,":[34],"multilevel":[36,63],"thresholding":[37,66],"approach":[38,67],"controlled":[39],"by":[40],"gradient":[41,102],"intensity":[43,57,65,104],"proposed,":[45],"where":[46],"an":[47],"image":[48],"considered":[50],"as":[51,58],"3D":[53],"topographic":[54],"map":[55],"with":[56,122,141,155,162,171,176],"the":[59,71,74,109,129,163,177],"third":[60],"dimension.":[61],"A":[62,151],"high-to-low":[64],"used":[69],"for":[70],"detection":[72],"focal":[75,93],"region":[76,86,94],"mass.":[79],"After":[80],"each":[81,92],"step":[82],"thresholding,":[84],"growing":[87],"technique":[88],"applied":[90],"on":[91,114],"detect":[96],"potential":[97],"sites":[98],"using":[101],"information.":[105],"The":[106],"performance":[107],"proposed":[110],"method":[111],"tested":[113],"107":[115],"scanned-film":[116],"images":[117,121,127,137,140,146,165],"consisting":[118],"52":[120],"55":[125],"normal":[126,145],"from":[128,147],"mini-MIAS":[130,164],"database,":[131],"158":[133],"digital":[134],"radiography":[135],"(DR)":[136],"containing":[138],"78":[139],"80":[144],"local":[149],"database.":[150],"sensitivity":[152,168],"95%":[154],"5.2":[156],"false":[157],"positives":[158],"(FPs)/image":[159],"obtained":[161,175],"98.8%":[170],"2.1":[172],"FPs/image":[173],"DR":[178],"images.":[179]},"abstract_inverted_index_v3":null,"cited_by_api_url":"https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2118150395","counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-04-19T05:01:13.197457","created_date":"2016-06-24"}