{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3197592346","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3141198","title":"Toward Generating Sufficiently Valid Test Case Results: A Method for Systematically Assigning Test Cases to Test Bench Configurations in a Scenario-Based Test Approach for Automated Vehicles","display_name":"Toward Generating Sufficiently Valid Test Case Results: A Method for Systematically Assigning Test Cases to Test Bench Configurations in a Scenario-Based Test Approach for Automated Vehicles","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3197592346","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3141198","mag":"3197592346"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3141198","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9668973/09673760.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true},"type":"article","type_crossref":"journal-article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9668973/09673760.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004278473","display_name":"Markus Steimle","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8913-6980"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94509681","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Braunschweig","ror":"https://ror.org/010nsgg66","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94509681"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Markus Steimle","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Control Engineering, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany","t Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"t Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94509681"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Control Engineering, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94509681"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018954678","display_name":"Nico Weber","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6753-6104"},"institutions":[],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nico Weber","raw_affiliation_strings":["Opel Automobile, Stellantis, Rüsselsheim am Main, Germany","sselsheim am Main, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"sselsheim am Main, Germany","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Opel Automobile, Stellantis, Rüsselsheim am Main, Germany","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006074043","display_name":"Markus Maurer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5357-9701"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94509681","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Braunschweig","ror":"https://ror.org/010nsgg66","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94509681"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Markus Maurer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Control Engineering, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany","t Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Control Engineering, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94509681"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"t Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94509681"]}]}],"institution_assertions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850,"provenance":"doaj"},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850,"provenance":"doaj"},"fwci":0.985,"has_fulltext":true,"fulltext_origin":"pdf","cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.999878,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":91},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":null,"first_page":"6260","last_page":"6285"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11099","display_name":"Autonomous Vehicle Technology and Safety","score":0.9991,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11099","display_name":"Autonomous Vehicle Technology and Safety","score":0.9991,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13295","display_name":"Safety Systems Engineering in Autonomy","score":0.9961,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12810","display_name":"Real-time simulation and control systems","score":0.9936,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/test-bench","display_name":"Test bench","score":0.84810615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/test-harness","display_name":"Test harness","score":0.48610306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scenario-testing","display_name":"Scenario testing","score":0.4612272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/system-under-test","display_name":"System under test","score":0.43703568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/test-compression","display_name":"Test compression","score":0.4152904}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776266606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q476482","display_name":"Test bench","level":2,"score":0.84810615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777267654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3519023","display_name":"Test (biology)","level":2,"score":0.77509964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6624142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C128942645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1568346","display_name":"Test case","level":3,"score":0.5899173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132519959","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3077373","display_name":"Test method","level":2,"score":0.56876904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109852812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2406355","display_name":"Test harness","level":5,"score":0.48610306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80519477","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3532236","display_name":"Scenario testing","level":3,"score":0.4612272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108913964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2376856","display_name":"System under test","level":4,"score":0.43703568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17626397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837455","display_name":"Automatic test pattern generation","level":3,"score":0.42760703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29652920","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7705757","display_name":"Test compression","level":4,"score":0.4152904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.41055387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200601418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2193887","display_name":"Reliability engineering","level":1,"score":0.35549057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.24291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.21315268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.15024298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.1475198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.124065876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136197465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1729295","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","level":2,"score":0.10730302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.08412549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.079193115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149091818","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2429814","display_name":"Software system","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186846655","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3398377","display_name":"Software construction","level":4,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152877465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208042","display_name":"Regression analysis","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134146338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1815901","display_name":"Electronic circuit","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3141198","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9668973/09673760.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true},{"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/a20698c1539148f9bbb31d12b7fd356b","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false},{"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2109.03146","pdf_url":"http://arxiv.org/pdf/2109.03146","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cornell University"],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false},{"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2109.03146","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2109.03146","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cornell University"],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false},{"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://api.datacite.org/dois/10.48550/arxiv.2109.03146","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4393179698","display_name":"DataCite API","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210145204","host_organization_name":"DataCite","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210145204"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["DataCite"],"type":"metadata"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null}],"best_oa_location":{"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3141198","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9668973/09673760.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"grants":[{"funder":"https://openalex.org/F4320323803","funder_display_name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Wirtschaft und Energie","award_id":"19A19004"}],"datasets":[],"versions":["https://openalex.org/W3197592346"],"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1427890894","https://openalex.org/W1895727713","https://openalex.org/W1898022672","https://openalex.org/W1950991735","https://openalex.org/W1975315658","https://openalex.org/W2122692231","https://openalex.org/W2139005413","https://openalex.org/W2320063781","https://openalex.org/W2493603909","https://openalex.org/W2520644970","https://openalex.org/W2603128835","https://openalex.org/W2616055110","https://openalex.org/W2739735772","https://openalex.org/W2742103388","https://openalex.org/W2788371914","https://openalex.org/W2795485095","https://openalex.org/W2886142880","https://openalex.org/W2905494073","https://openalex.org/W2946237393","https://openalex.org/W2963184890","https://openalex.org/W2963657083","https://openalex.org/W2965254396","https://openalex.org/W2970180737","https://openalex.org/W3005730188","https://openalex.org/W3024414633","https://openalex.org/W3048589597","https://openalex.org/W3118900686","https://openalex.org/W3155776565","https://openalex.org/W3167908264","https://openalex.org/W3197592346","https://openalex.org/W3208343066","https://openalex.org/W4210789659","https://openalex.org/W4232448371","https://openalex.org/W4240672450","https://openalex.org/W4242994874","https://openalex.org/W4251427757","https://openalex.org/W4252353714","https://openalex.org/W4284712962","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4287827698"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4285708951","https://openalex.org/W4234763172","https://openalex.org/W3009953521","https://openalex.org/W2992024382","https://openalex.org/W2786111245","https://openalex.org/W2370544467","https://openalex.org/W2147986372","https://openalex.org/W2125317684","https://openalex.org/W1979305473","https://openalex.org/W1588361197"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"To":[0],"successfully":[1],"launch":[2],"automated":[3,220],"vehicles":[4,16,60],"into":[5],"the":[6,15,26,121,136,152,183,227],"consumer":[7],"market,":[8],"there":[9],"must":[10],"be":[11,40],"credible":[12],"proof":[13],"that":[14,103],"will":[17],"operate":[18],"safely.":[19],"However,":[20,119],"finding":[21],"a":[22,31,47,99,108,115,139,158,168,175,191,203,215,233],"method":[23,176,193,204,224],"to":[24,39,61,69,106,113,151,182,210],"validate":[25],"vehicles'":[27],"safe":[28,160],"operation":[29],"is":[30,104,111,127],"challenging":[32],"problem.":[33],"While":[34],"scenario-based":[35,216],"test":[36,51,54,59,72,75,101,109,116,124,131,141,146,172,180,186,196,208,211,217,237,243],"approaches":[37],"seem":[38],"possible":[41],"solutions,":[42],"they":[43],"require":[44],"execution":[45,137,166,231],"of":[46,50,91,138,167,171,232,236],"large":[48,169,234],"number":[49,170,235],"cases.":[52,73],"Several":[53],"benches,":[55],"ranging":[56],"from":[57],"actual":[58],"partly":[62],"or":[63],"fully":[64],"simulated":[65],"environments,":[66],"are":[67],"available":[68],"execute":[70,107],"these":[71],"Each":[74],"bench":[76,102,117,125,132,187,197,212],"provides":[77,143],"different":[78,84],"elements,":[79],"which":[80],"in":[81,214],"turn,":[82],"have":[83],"parameters":[85],"and":[86,164,201,229],"parameter":[87,96],"ranges.":[88],"The":[89,129,162],"composition":[90],"elements":[92],"with":[93,149],"their":[94],"specific":[95,100,140],"values":[97],"at":[98],"used":[105],"case":[110,142,147,244],"referred":[112],"as":[114],"configuration.":[118,188],"selecting":[120],"most":[122,184],"suitable":[123,185],"configuration":[126,133],"difficult.":[128],"selected":[130],"determines":[134],"whether":[135],"sufficiently":[144,241],"valid":[145,242],"results":[148],"respect":[150],"intended":[153],"purpose,":[154],"for":[155,177,194,205,219,226],"example,":[156],"validating":[157],"vehicle's":[159],"operation.":[161],"effective":[163,228],"efficient":[165,230],"cases":[173,181,209,238],"requires":[174],"systematically":[178,206],"assigning":[179,207],"Based":[189],"on":[190],"proposed":[192],"classifying":[195],"configurations,":[198],"we":[199],"propose":[200],"illustrate":[202],"configurations":[213],"approach":[218],"vehicles.":[221],"This":[222],"assignment":[223],"allows":[225],"while":[239],"generating":[240],"results.":[245]},"cited_by_api_url":"https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3197592346","counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2025-01-14T14:01:31.442534","created_date":"2021-09-13"}