{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3094813739","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3035067","title":"Multi-Area Automatic Generation Control Scheme Considering Frequency Quality in Southwest China Grid: Challenges and Solutions","display_name":"Multi-Area Automatic Generation Control Scheme Considering Frequency Quality in Southwest China Grid: Challenges and Solutions","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3094813739","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3035067","mag":"3094813739"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3035067","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09245548.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_indexed_in_scopus":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true},"type":"article","type_crossref":"journal-article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09245548.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016741691","display_name":"Chao Tan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3642-2670"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210118629","display_name":"NARI Group (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/02egn3136","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210118629"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chao Tan","raw_affiliation_strings":["NARI Group Corporation, Nanjing, China","NARI Technology Company Ltd., Nanjing, China","State Key Laboratory of Smart Grid Protection and Control, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Smart Grid Protection and Control, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"NARI Technology Company Ltd., Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210118629"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"NARI Group Corporation, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210118629"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100355339","display_name":"Yong Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1183-5359"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17442442","display_name":"State Grid Corporation of China (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/05twwhs70","country_code":"CN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17442442"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yong Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Southwest Branch of State Grid Corporation of China, Chengdu, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Southwest Branch of State Grid Corporation of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17442442"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101436439","display_name":"Qiang Lan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9667-3485"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17442442","display_name":"State Grid Corporation of China (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/05twwhs70","country_code":"CN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17442442"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qiang Lan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Southwest Branch of State Grid Corporation of China, Chengdu, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Southwest Branch of State Grid Corporation of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17442442"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057945477","display_name":"Xiong Xiao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4471-7946"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4392738113","display_name":"China Electric Power Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05ehpzy81","country_code":null,"type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17442442","https://openalex.org/I4392738113"]}],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiong Xiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Power Grid Safety and Energy Conservation, China Electric Power Research Institute, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Power Grid Safety and Energy Conservation, China Electric Power Research Institute, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4392738113"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025102379","display_name":"Qia Ding","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210118629","display_name":"NARI Group (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/02egn3136","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210118629"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qia Ding","raw_affiliation_strings":["NARI Group Corporation, Nanjing, China","NARI Technology Company Ltd., Nanjing, China","State Key Laboratory of Smart Grid Protection and Control, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Smart Grid Protection and Control, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"NARI Technology Company Ltd., Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210118629"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"NARI Group Corporation, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210118629"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018475553","display_name":"Xiaobai Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7736-7666"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210118629","display_name":"NARI Group (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/02egn3136","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210118629"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaobai Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["NARI Group Corporation, Nanjing, China","NARI Technology Company Ltd., Nanjing, China","State Key Laboratory of Smart Grid Protection and Control, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Smart Grid Protection and Control, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"NARI Technology Company Ltd., Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210118629"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"NARI Group Corporation, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210118629"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074522619","display_name":"Minkun Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17442442","display_name":"State Grid Corporation of China (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/05twwhs70","country_code":"CN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17442442"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Minkun Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Southwest Branch of State Grid Corporation of China, Chengdu, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Southwest Branch of State Grid Corporation of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17442442"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108698620","display_name":"Xianliang Teng","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210118629","display_name":"NARI Group (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/02egn3136","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210118629"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xianliang Teng","raw_affiliation_strings":["NARI Group Corporation, Nanjing, China","NARI Technology Company Ltd., Nanjing, China","State Key Laboratory of Smart Grid Protection and Control, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Smart Grid Protection and Control, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"NARI Technology Company Ltd., Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210118629"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"NARI Group Corporation, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210118629"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045391646","display_name":"Yan Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4352-1450"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17442442","display_name":"State Grid Corporation of China (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/05twwhs70","country_code":"CN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17442442"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yan Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Southwest Branch of State Grid Corporation of China, Chengdu, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Southwest Branch of State Grid Corporation of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17442442"]}]}],"institution_assertions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.795,"has_fulltext":true,"fulltext_origin":"pdf","cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.63006,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":89},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":null,"first_page":"199813","last_page":"199828"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12277","display_name":"Frequency Control in Power Systems","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12277","display_name":"Frequency Control in Power Systems","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10305","display_name":"Power System Optimization and Stability","score":0.9988,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10223","display_name":"Microgrid Control and Optimization","score":0.9977,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overshoot","display_name":"Overshoot (microwave communication)","score":0.7861403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automatic-generation-control","display_name":"Automatic Generation Control","score":0.7358402}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780323453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7113957","display_name":"Overshoot (microwave communication)","level":2,"score":0.7861403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778763806","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4826572","display_name":"Automatic Generation Control","level":4,"score":0.7358402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.72726744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25915539","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220786","display_name":"Automatic frequency control","level":2,"score":0.6996936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6359825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203479927","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165939","display_name":"Controller (irrigation)","level":2,"score":0.6158126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89227174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2388981","display_name":"Electric power system","level":3,"score":0.5347442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106131492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072260","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.52832687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151319957","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q752739","display_name":"Asynchronous communication","level":2,"score":0.46559724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.34413493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133731056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288","display_name":"Control engineering","level":1,"score":0.34021735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.23735955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.21335077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.12821296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3035067","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09245548.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_indexed_in_scopus":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true},{"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/b51e22a805b54b3f879f1bdb9bd2c994","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_indexed_in_scopus":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false}],"best_oa_location":{"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3035067","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09245548.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_indexed_in_scopus":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.83,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"grants":[{"funder":"https://openalex.org/F4320326707","funder_display_name":"State Grid Corporation of China","award_id":"5108-201926029A-0-0-00"}],"datasets":[],"versions":[],"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1719403846","https://openalex.org/W1995144153","https://openalex.org/W2016297478","https://openalex.org/W2138096710","https://openalex.org/W2340393539","https://openalex.org/W2345574696","https://openalex.org/W2377410291","https://openalex.org/W2612920108","https://openalex.org/W2739781533","https://openalex.org/W2761873982","https://openalex.org/W2773086456","https://openalex.org/W2786686843","https://openalex.org/W2787849458","https://openalex.org/W2800366912","https://openalex.org/W2883545119","https://openalex.org/W2899867542","https://openalex.org/W2923809149","https://openalex.org/W2954727383","https://openalex.org/W3011242372","https://openalex.org/W3032228537","https://openalex.org/W3084916009","https://openalex.org/W3088089204","https://openalex.org/W3092181839","https://openalex.org/W3128952125"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W612470815","https://openalex.org/W4389401283","https://openalex.org/W4312928176","https://openalex.org/W2907973261","https://openalex.org/W2362819233","https://openalex.org/W2331465608","https://openalex.org/W2104973077","https://openalex.org/W2004081218","https://openalex.org/W1973248937","https://openalex.org/W1895825885"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Southwest":[0],"China":[1],"Grid":[2],"(SCG)":[3],"is":[4,23,117,132,147,162],"one":[5],"of":[6,68,93,110,125,152,154,217],"the":[7,12,37,48,53,64,72,81,121,136,141,150,165,170,213,218],"hydropower-rich":[8],"power":[9,59,192],"grids":[10],"around":[11],"world.":[13],"SCG":[14,69],"has":[15],"recently":[16],"been":[17],"into":[18],"asynchronous":[19,76],"operation":[20,73,77],"mode,":[21],"it":[22],"expected":[24],"to":[25,47,71,134,164,186],"face":[26],"challenges":[27],"in":[28],"low":[29],"inertia":[30],"and":[31,50,84,106,123,159,174,190,208,215],"frequency":[32,65,94],"stability":[33,51],"issues":[34],"caused":[35],"by":[36,149],"hydraulic":[38],"turbine":[39],"governing":[40],"system":[41],"(HTGS),":[42],"which":[43],"brings":[44],"profound":[45],"changes":[46],"validity":[49],"for":[52,87,96,113,143],"multi-area":[54],"automatic":[55],"generation":[56],"control":[57,66,111,156,166,181,224],"(AGC)":[58],"systems.":[60,204],"This":[61],"article":[62],"analyzes":[63],"problems":[67],"according":[70],"data":[74],"from":[75],"tests.":[78],"To":[79],"overcome":[80],"large":[82,138],"overshoot":[83],"reverse":[85],"regulation":[86],"external":[88],"disturbances,":[89],"frequency-based":[90],"segment":[91],"values":[92],"bias":[95],"areas":[97],"under":[98],"TBC":[99],"mode":[100],"are":[101,197],"developed":[102],"considering":[103,199],"multi-deadband":[104],"effects,":[105],"a":[107,128],"switching":[108],"method":[109],"modes":[112],"supporting":[114],"large-disturbance":[115],"recovery":[116],"proposed.":[118],"Based":[119],"on":[120,169],"complex":[122],"nonlinear":[124],"AGC":[126,203],"systems,":[127],"fuzzy":[129],"PD+I":[130],"controller":[131],"proposed":[133,219],"reduce":[135],"excessively":[137],"overshoot.":[139],"Furthermore,":[140],"rule":[142],"tuning":[144],"D":[145],"gain":[146],"established":[148],"sign":[151],"change":[153],"area":[155],"error":[157],"(ACE),":[158],"flexible":[160],"I-part":[161],"applied":[163],"process":[167],"based":[168],"relationship":[171],"between":[172],"ACE":[173],"frequency.":[175],"Then,":[176],"we":[177],"also":[178],"provide":[179],"filter-based":[180],"strategies":[182],"with":[183,222],"adaptive":[184],"parameters":[185],"effectively":[187],"coordinate":[188],"hydropower":[189],"thermal":[191],"generators.":[193],"The":[194],"filter":[195],"coefficients":[196],"computed":[198],"various":[200],"delays":[201],"within":[202],"Some":[205],"case":[206],"studies":[207],"actual":[209],"operating":[210],"conditions":[211],"demonstrate":[212],"efficiency":[214],"accuracy":[216],"ideas":[220],"compared":[221],"current":[223],"strategies.":[225]},"abstract_inverted_index_v3":null,"cited_by_api_url":"https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3094813739","counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-04-23T05:08:47.707314","created_date":"2020-11-09"}