{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4389118479","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cose.2023.103605","title":"Preserving data privacy in machine learning systems","display_name":"Preserving data privacy in machine learning systems","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-11-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4389118479","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cose.2023.103605"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cose.2023.103605","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S12529635","display_name":"Computers & Security","issn_l":"0167-4048","issn":["0167-4048","1872-6208"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_indexed_in_scopus":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true},"type":"article","type_crossref":"journal-article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cose.2023.103605","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080031358","display_name":"Soumia Zohra El Mestari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1399-605X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186903577","display_name":"University of Luxembourg","ror":"https://ror.org/036x5ad56","country_code":"LU","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}],"countries":["LU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Soumia Zohra El Mestari","raw_affiliation_strings":["SnT, University of Luxembourg, 2 Av. de l'Universite, Esch-sur-Alzette, L-4365, Luxembourg"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SnT, University of Luxembourg, 2 Av. de l'Universite, Esch-sur-Alzette, L-4365, Luxembourg","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070924321","display_name":"Gabriele Lenzini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8229-3270"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186903577","display_name":"University of Luxembourg","ror":"https://ror.org/036x5ad56","country_code":"LU","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}],"countries":["LU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gabriele Lenzini","raw_affiliation_strings":["SnT, University of Luxembourg, 2 Av. de l'Universite, Esch-sur-Alzette, L-4365, Luxembourg"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SnT, University of Luxembourg, 2 Av. de l'Universite, Esch-sur-Alzette, L-4365, Luxembourg","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063730885","display_name":"H\u00fcseyin Demirci","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0538-2074"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186903577","display_name":"University of Luxembourg","ror":"https://ror.org/036x5ad56","country_code":"LU","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}],"countries":["LU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huseyin Demirci","raw_affiliation_strings":["SnT, University of Luxembourg, 2 Av. de l'Universite, Esch-sur-Alzette, L-4365, Luxembourg"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SnT, University of Luxembourg, 2 Av. de l'Universite, Esch-sur-Alzette, L-4365, Luxembourg","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}]}],"institution_assertions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5080031358"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"],"apc_list":{"value":3190,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3190},"apc_paid":{"value":3190,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3190},"fwci":9.478,"has_fulltext":true,"fulltext_origin":"pdf","cited_by_count":36,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.790601,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"137","issue":null,"first_page":"103605","last_page":"103605"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":0.9999,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":0.9999,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11045","display_name":"Privacy, Security, and Data Protection","score":0.9924,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.9902,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.79601246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71745522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2476929","display_name":"Confidentiality","level":2,"score":0.6282885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69360830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1172237","display_name":"Data Protection Act 1998","level":2,"score":0.58999157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.49278954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123201435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q456632","display_name":"Information privacy","level":2,"score":0.47878182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3090818","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1172506","display_name":"General Data Protection Regulation","level":3,"score":0.46287966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.45186028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.42735705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.39929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.33489758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.12810218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cose.2023.103605","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S12529635","display_name":"Computers & Security","issn_l":"0167-4048","issn":["0167-4048","1872-6208"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_indexed_in_scopus":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true},{"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://orbilu.uni.lu/handle/10993/58978","pdf_url":"https://orbilu.uni.lu/bitstream/10993/58978/1/1-s2.0-S0167404823005151-main.pdf","source":null,"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true}],"best_oa_location":{"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cose.2023.103605","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S12529635","display_name":"Computers & Security","issn_l":"0167-4048","issn":["0167-4048","1872-6208"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_indexed_in_scopus":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"grants":[{"funder":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission","award_id":"956562"},{"funder":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission","award_id":"MSCA-ITN-2020"}],"datasets":[],"versions":[],"referenced_works_count":116,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1517053320","https://openalex.org/W1563853840","https://openalex.org/W1976955200","https://openalex.org/W2004115126","https://openalex.org/W2007339694","https://openalex.org/W2027595342","https://openalex.org/W2030729543","https://openalex.org/W2051103717","https://openalex.org/W2115240023","https://openalex.org/W2141420453","https://openalex.org/W2154026994","https://openalex.org/W2159024459","https://openalex.org/W2177209050","https://openalex.org/W2293703278","https://openalex.org/W2306570595","https://openalex.org/W2405601665","https://openalex.org/W2418248778","https://openalex.org/W2478433202","https://openalex.org/W2486352377","https://openalex.org/W2495595500","https://openalex.org/W2525609995","https://openalex.org/W2560261434","https://openalex.org/W2597308796","https://openalex.org/W2607662938","https://openalex.org/W2741749840","https://openalex.org/W2744875897","https://openalex.org/W2750144484","https://openalex.org/W2773773675","https://openalex.org/W2774510177","https://openalex.org/W2781091734","https://openalex.org/W2796933658","https://openalex.org/W2799040448","https://openalex.org/W2887902433","https://openalex.org/W2903850320","https://openalex.org/W2911518933","https://openalex.org/W2912213068","https://openalex.org/W2912568927","https://openalex.org/W2913017407","https://openalex.org/W2913342441","https://openalex.org/W2913488147","https://openalex.org/W2913668833","https://openalex.org/W2914452207","https://openalex.org/W2914630606","https://openalex.org/W2914796422","https://openalex.org/W2918610883","https://openalex.org/W2942255051","https://openalex.org/W2945976633","https://openalex.org/W2954197146","https://openalex.org/W2963819344","https://openalex.org/W2970408908","https://openalex.org/W2970880934","https://openalex.org/W2971002020","https://openalex.org/W2992144222","https://openalex.org/W3001299093","https://openalex.org/W3006403184","https://openalex.org/W3007878074","https://openalex.org/W3016493309","https://openalex.org/W3062959591","https://openalex.org/W3103943044","https://openalex.org/W3135347465","https://openalex.org/W3139669840","https://openalex.org/W3158675315","https://openalex.org/W3158815815","https://openalex.org/W3173128495","https://openalex.org/W3174733737","https://openalex.org/W3195997474","https://openalex.org/W3214142560","https://openalex.org/W3217525002","https://openalex.org/W4200139122","https://openalex.org/W4214810323","https://openalex.org/W4214931895","https://openalex.org/W4220928404","https://openalex.org/W4226027683","https://openalex.org/W4232172926","https://openalex.org/W4235931205","https://openalex.org/W4236550001","https://openalex.org/W4237116537","https://openalex.org/W4237843976","https://openalex.org/W4239276395","https://openalex.org/W4240141439","https://openalex.org/W4241109792","https://openalex.org/W4241654984","https://openalex.org/W4241857777","https://openalex.org/W4242113544","https://openalex.org/W4242657867","https://openalex.org/W4244854391","https://openalex.org/W4244885910","https://openalex.org/W4245729972","https://openalex.org/W4247419721","https://openalex.org/W4247661885","https://openalex.org/W4250732072","https://openalex.org/W4250757322","https://openalex.org/W4255536601","https://openalex.org/W4255845553","https://openalex.org/W4256157283","https://openalex.org/W4280503843","https://openalex.org/W4282028291","https://openalex.org/W4287777382","https://openalex.org/W4288086173","https://openalex.org/W4297970464","https://openalex.org/W4300072878","https://openalex.org/W4301329292","https://openalex.org/W4301409763","https://openalex.org/W4308469411","https://openalex.org/W4312453880","https://openalex.org/W4313396675","https://openalex.org/W4315746341","https://openalex.org/W4315784658","https://openalex.org/W4365806382","https://openalex.org/W4366658060","https://openalex.org/W4367046738","https://openalex.org/W4375859938","https://openalex.org/W4385338744","https://openalex.org/W4388867283","https://openalex.org/W4388887352","https://openalex.org/W72496981"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3156135475","https://openalex.org/W3048759155","https://openalex.org/W3023256691","https://openalex.org/W2917102635","https://openalex.org/W2910484607","https://openalex.org/W2901967497","https://openalex.org/W2883729192","https://openalex.org/W2799236100","https://openalex.org/W2794700933","https://openalex.org/W2789497412"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"wide":[1],"adoption":[2],"of":[3,11,24,27,74,82,108,143,154,167,250,259],"Machine":[4,101,135],"Learning":[5,102,136],"to":[6,18,49,54,78,88,187,252],"solve":[7],"a":[8,47,56,80,183,247],"large":[9,22],"set":[10],"real-life":[12],"problems":[13],"came":[14],"with":[15,214,246],"the":[16,94,105,109,117,126,133,141,144,146,149,152,161,165,168,172,175,210,231,257],"need":[17],"collect":[19],"and":[20,32,53,68,131,151,171,190,196,199,217,223,240],"process":[21],"volumes":[23],"data,":[25,150],"some":[26],"which":[28,85,186],"are":[29,43,113,179,227],"considered":[30],"personal":[31,51],"sensitive,":[33],"raising":[34],"serious":[35],"concerns":[36],"about":[37,212],"data":[38,52,66,83,97,110,119,121,162,194,260],"protection.":[39],"Privacy-enhancing":[40],"technologies":[41],"(PETs)":[42],"often":[44],"indicated":[45],"as":[46,59,266,268,274],"solution":[48],"protect":[50],"achieve":[55],"general":[57],"trustworthiness":[58],"required":[60],"by":[61,157,197],"current":[62,221],"EU":[63,215],"regulations":[64,216],"on":[65,160,243],"protection":[67,98,155,261],"AI.":[69],"However,":[70],"an":[71],"off-the-shelf":[72],"application":[73],"PETs":[75,158],"is":[76],"insufficient":[77],"ensure":[79],"high-quality":[81],"protection,":[84],"one":[86],"needs":[87],"understand.":[89],"This":[90],"work":[91,207],"systematically":[92],"discusses":[93],"risks":[95,147,192],"against":[96,148],"in":[99,185,230,256,262,269],"modern":[100],"systems":[103,178],"taking":[104],"original":[106],"perspective":[107],"owners,":[111],"who":[112,115],"those":[114],"hold":[116],"various":[118],"sets,":[120],"models,":[122],"or":[123],"both,":[124],"throughout":[125],"machine":[127,176,204,244,263],"learning":[128,177,245,264],"life":[129],"cycle":[130],"considering":[132],"different":[134],"architectures.":[137],"It":[138],"argues":[139],"that":[140,226],"origin":[142],"threats,":[145],"level":[153],"offered":[156],"depend":[159],"processing":[163],"phase,":[164],"role":[166],"parties":[169],"involved,":[170],"architecture":[173],"where":[174],"deployed.":[180],"By":[181],"offering":[182],"framework":[184],"discuss":[188,220],"privacy":[189],"confidentiality":[191],"for":[193,203],"owners":[195],"identifying":[198],"assessing":[200],"privacy-preserving":[201],"countermeasures":[202],"learning,":[205],"this":[206,234,236],"could":[208],"facilitate":[209],"discussion":[211],"compliance":[213],"directives.":[218],"We":[219],"challenges":[222],"research":[224],"questions":[225],"still":[228],"unsolved":[229],"field.":[232],"In":[233],"respect,":[235],"paper":[237],"provides":[238],"researchers":[239],"developers":[241],"working":[242],"comprehensive":[248],"body":[249],"knowledge":[251],"let":[253],"them":[254],"advance":[255],"science":[258],"field":[265],"well":[267],"closely":[270],"related":[271],"fields":[272],"such":[273],"Artificial":[275],"Intelligence.":[276]},"abstract_inverted_index_v3":null,"cited_by_api_url":"https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4389118479","counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":25}],"updated_date":"2025-04-29T06:02:31.510261","created_date":"2023-11-30"}