The high levels of energy use for cloud computing affect carbon emissions and climate change. This research thoroughly compares the energy utilisation of conventional and high-speed three-tier data centres (DCs). The green cloud simulator (GCS) was used to compare network configurations and energy-saving algorithms for each cloud's energy consumption in 10 trials. The power saver schedule algorithm used the least server energy, while the green and RR schedule algorithms used more. Despite the testing of several energy conservation approaches, core switch and aggregate switch energy usage remained unchanged. Although the high-speed three-tier DC architecture used more energy than the standard design, this is a key difference between the two network topologies. The authors discuss the power saver schedule algorithm's benefits for server energy utilisation. This study shows how three-tier DC architecture can save money by reducing core switch and aggregation switch energy use. These evaluations should include the make span coefficient, and future research should focus on DC transform energy-saving techniques.<\/p>","DOI":"10.4018\/ijcac.332766","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,27]],"date-time":"2023-10-27T07:20:36Z","timestamp":1698391236000},"page":"1-28","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Empirical Comparison of Energy Efficiency Between 3-Tier and High-Speed 3-Tier Network Topologies"],"prefix":"10.4018","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6985-4264","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Manal","family":"Alkoshman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Al Balqa Applied University, Jordan"}]},{"given":"Saleh","family":"Atiewi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Al-Hussein Bin Talal University, Jordan"}]}],"member":"2432","reference":[{"key":"IJCAC.332766-0","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCIS49240.2020.9257690"},{"key":"IJCAC.332766-1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.52940\/ijici"},{"key":"IJCAC.332766-2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3284557.3284738"},{"key":"IJCAC.332766-3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1504\/IJGUC.2018.095439"},{"issue":"4","key":"IJCAC.332766-4","first-page":"1","article-title":"Impact of hardware and configuration on energy consumption in network topologies.","volume":"38","author":"X.Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"ACM Transactions on Computer Systems"},{"issue":"4","key":"IJCAC.332766-5","first-page":"1208","article-title":"Dynamic resource allocation in cloud data centers: A reinforcement learning approach.","volume":"9","author":"X.Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Cloud Computing"},{"key":"IJCAC.332766-6","first-page":"273","article-title":"Live migration of virtual machines.","author":"C.Clark","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proceedings of the 2nd conference on Symposium on Networked Systems Design & Implementation"},{"key":"IJCAC.332766-7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IPDPSW.2010.5470908"},{"issue":"12","key":"IJCAC.332766-8","first-page":"2844","article-title":"Empirical assessment of energy-efficient networking protocols.","volume":"24","author":"M.Garcia","year":"2020","journal-title":"IEEE Communications Letters"},{"key":"IJCAC.332766-9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ghribi, C., Hadji, M., & Zeghlache, D. (2013, May). Energy efficient vm scheduling for cloud data centers: Exact allocation and migration algorithms. In 2013 13th IEEE\/ACM International Symposium on Cluster, Cloud, and Grid Computing (pp. 671-678). IEEE.","DOI":"10.1109\/CCGrid.2013.89"},{"key":"IJCAC.332766-10","unstructured":"Green Cloud. (n.d.). Home. Green Cloud. https:\/\/greencloud.gforge.uni.lu\/"},{"issue":"6","key":"IJCAC.332766-11","first-page":"789","article-title":"Dynamic workload sensitivity of traditional and high-speed three-tier network topologies.","volume":"39","author":"R.Gupta","year":"2021","journal-title":"IEEE\/ACM Transactions on Networking"},{"key":"IJCAC.332766-12","unstructured":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. (2010). 2010 IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference GLOBECOM. 6\u201310."},{"issue":"2","key":"IJCAC.332766-13","first-page":"45","article-title":"Cost-benefit analysis of traditional vs. high-speed three-tier network topologies.","volume":"19","author":"D.Jones","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Information Technology Economics"},{"key":"IJCAC.332766-14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10586-022-03713-0"},{"key":"IJCAC.332766-15","article-title":"Energy-aware task scheduling with renewable energy sources in cloud data centers.","volume":"28","author":"S.Kim","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sustainable Computing: Informatics and Systems"},{"key":"IJCAC.332766-16","article-title":"Empirical analysis of renewable energy integration in network infrastructure.","volume":"39","author":"S.Kim","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sustainable Computing: Informatics and Systems"},{"key":"IJCAC.332766-17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10586-011-0177-4"},{"key":"IJCAC.332766-18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10723-015-9337-8"},{"key":"IJCAC.332766-19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMC.2012.114"},{"issue":"2","key":"IJCAC.332766-20","first-page":"244","article-title":"efficient task scheduling algorithms for energy-efficient virtualized data centers.","volume":"7","author":"X.Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Computing"},{"key":"IJCAC.332766-21","article-title":"empirical study on network traffic patterns and their impact on energy consumption.","volume":"195","author":"Y.Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Computer Networks"},{"key":"IJCAC.332766-22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3844\/jcssp.2013.252.263"},{"key":"IJCAC.332766-23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-16-4807-6_1"},{"key":"IJCAC.332766-24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-79408-8_1"},{"key":"IJCAC.332766-25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpdc.2019.04.005"},{"issue":"4","key":"IJCAC.332766-26","first-page":"2877","article-title":"Energy-efficient task scheduling in edge and fog computing environments: Challenges and opportunities.","volume":"9","author":"R.Patel","year":"2022","journal-title":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal"},{"key":"IJCAC.332766-27","article-title":"empirical investigation of network virtualization and its implications on energy efficiency.","volume":"204","author":"R.Patel","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Network and Computer Applications"},{"key":"IJCAC.332766-28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IPACT.2017.8245020"},{"key":"IJCAC.332766-29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.48047\/ecb\/2023.12.si5a.0616"},{"issue":"1","key":"IJCAC.332766-30","first-page":"1","article-title":"Empirical analysis of network hardware energy efficiency.","volume":"32","author":"A.Smith","year":"2022","journal-title":"ACM Transactions on Networking"},{"issue":"3","key":"IJCAC.332766-31","first-page":"112","article-title":"Performance and energy efficiency trade-off in three-tier and high-speed three-tier network topologies.","volume":"45","author":"A.Smith","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Network Management"},{"issue":"5","key":"IJCAC.332766-32","first-page":"1139","article-title":"Multi-objective optimisation for energy-aware task scheduling in data centers.","volume":"32","author":"H.Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems"},{"issue":"19","key":"IJCAC.332766-33","first-page":"15224","article-title":"empirical study of edge computing architectures and their impact on energy consumption.","volume":"8","author":"L.Yang","year":"2021","journal-title":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal"},{"key":"IJCAC.332766-34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2021.3140166"},{"key":"IJCAC.332766-35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3458930"},{"key":"IJCAC.332766-36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCSE49874.2020.9201785"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Cloud Applications and Computing"],"original-title":[],"language":"ng","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.igi-global.com\/viewtitle.aspx?TitleId=332766","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,14]],"date-time":"2023-11-14T10:05:20Z","timestamp":1699956320000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/services.igi-global.com\/resolvedoi\/resolve.aspx?doi=10.4018\/IJCAC.332766"}},"subtitle":[""],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,26]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4018\/ijcac.332766","relation":{},"ISSN":["2156-1834","2156-1826"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2156-1834","type":"print"},{"value":"2156-1826","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,26]]}}}