{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,4]],"date-time":"2024-09-04T05:13:30Z","timestamp":1725426810184},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,28]],"date-time":"2022-02-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1646006400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007835","name":"Silesian University of Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["9\/010\/RGJ22\/0068."],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007835","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Symmetry"],"abstract":"Considering a nonlinear dynamic oscillator, a high Lyapunov exponent indicates a high degree of randomness useful in many applications, including cryptography. Most existing oscillators yield very low Lyapunov exponents. The proposed work presents a general strategy to derive an n-D hyperchaotic map with a high Lyapunov exponent. A 2D case study was analyzed using some well-known nonlinear dynamic metrics including phase portraits, bifurcation diagrams, finite time Lyapunov exponents, and dimension. These metrics indicated that the state of the novel map was more scattered in the phase plane than in the case of some traditional maps. Consequently, the novel map could produce output sequences with a high degree of randomness. Another important observation was that the first and second Lyapunov exponents of the proposed 2D map were both positive for the whole parameter space. Consequently, the attractors of the map could be classified as hyperchaotic attractors. Finally, these hyperchaotic sequences were exploited for image encryption\/decryption. Various validation metrics were exploited to illustrate the security of the presented methodology against cryptanalysts. Comparative analysis indicated the superiority of the proposed encryption\/decryption protocol over some recent state-of-the-art methods.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/sym14030493","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,1]],"date-time":"2022-03-01T01:11:57Z","timestamp":1646097117000},"page":"493","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["A Novel Compound-Coupled Hyperchaotic Map for Image Encryption"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Christophe Magloire Lessouga","family":"Etoundi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Technology and Applied Sciences Laboratory, University Institute of Technology, University of Douala, Douala P.O. Box 8698, Cameroon"},{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Industrial Computing, University Institute of Technology, Douala P.O. Box 8698, Cameroon"}]},{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7736-5145","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jean De Dieu","family":"Nkapkop","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Technology and Applied Sciences Laboratory, University Institute of Technology, University of Douala, Douala P.O. Box 8698, Cameroon"},{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Industrial Computing, University Institute of Technology, Douala P.O. Box 8698, Cameroon"}]},{"given":"Nestor","family":"Tsafack","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics, University of Dschang, Dschang P.O. Box 8698, Cameroon"}]},{"given":"Joseph Mvogo","family":"Ngono","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, University Institute of Technology, Douala P.O. Box 8698, Cameroon"}]},{"given":"Pierre","family":"Ele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Higher Polytechnic School of Yaounde, University of Yaounde, Yaound\u00e9 P.O. Box 8390, Cameroon"}]},{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9073-5347","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcin","family":"Wozniak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Applied Mathematics, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland"}]},{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6859-670X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jana","family":"Shafi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, College of Arts and Science, Prince Sattam Bin Abdul Aziz University, Wadi Ad-Dawasir 11991, Saudi Arabia"}]},{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5206-272X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muhammad Fazal","family":"Ijaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intelligent Mechatronics Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Korea"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"(1999). 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